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棉花学报 2002年第S1期14卷 28-28页

作者： Cheng-xin YI, Wang-zhen GUO, Xie-fei ZHU, Tian-zhen ZHANG(Cotton Research Institute, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China) Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China

We conducted this study to determine if marker-assisted mass recurrent selection for fiberstrength and resistance to Helicoverpa armigerawithin an upland cotton complex populationcould he more efficient than conventionalphenotype *** cycles of marker-assisted selection,phenotypic selection,andmarker and phenotype concurrent selection,

关键词： Cotton phenotypic cotton upland phenotype Selection concurrent populations marker Marker

Asymmetry in genitalia is in sync with lateralized mating behavior but not with the lateralization of other behaviors

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Current Zoology 2020年第1期66卷 71-81页

作者： Julian TORRES-DOWDALL Sina J.ROMETSCH Gaston AGUILERA Guillermo GOYENOLA Axel MEYER Department of Biology University of KonstanzKonstanzGermany Zukunftskolleg University of KonstanzKonstanzGermany Hector Fellow Academy KarlsruheGermany Unidad Ejecutora Lillo(CONICET) Fundacion Miguel LilloTucumanArgentina Departamento de Ecologia y Gestion Ambiental Centro Universitario Regional Del EsteUniversidad de la RepublicaUruguay

Asymmetries in bilateral organisms attract a lot of curiosity given that they are conspicuous departures from the *** allow the investigation of the integration at different levels of biological *** we study whether and how behavioral and asymmetrical anatomical traits coevolved and work *** ask if asymmetry is determined locally for each trait or at a whole individual level in a species bearing conspicuous asymmetrical *** genitalia evolved in many species;however,in most cases the direction of asymmetry is ***,it has been rarely determined if there is an association between the direction of asymmetry in genitalia and other *** onesided livebearer fish of the genus Jenynsia(Cyprinodontiformes,Anablepidae),the anal fin of males is modified into a gonopodium,an intromittent organ that serves to inseminate *** gonopodium shows a conspicuous asymmetry,with its tip bending either to the left or the *** surveying 13 natural populations of Jenynsia lineata,we found that both genital morphs are equally common in wild *** a series of experiments in a laboratory population,we discovered asymmetry and lateralization for multiple other traits;yet,the degree of integration varied highly among *** in exploratory behavior in response to different stimuli was not associated with genital ***,the direction of genital asymmetry was positively correlated with sidedness of mating preference and the number of neuromasts in the lateral *** suggests integration of functionally linked asymmetric traits;however,there is no evidence that asymmetry is determined at the whole individual level in our study species.

关键词： antisymmetry behavioral lateralization Jenynsia iineata Jenynsia multidentata phenotypic integration

Correlates of resistance to gastrointestinal nematode infection in Nigerian West African dwarf sheep

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第7期5卷 529-532页

作者： IK Idika SN Chiejina LI Mhomga PA Nnadi LA Ngongeh Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology University of NigeriaNsukkaNigeria Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Microbiology Michael Okpara University of AgricultureUmudikeNigeria Department of Animal Health and Production University of AgricultureMakurdiNigeria Department of Animal Health and Production University of NigeriaNsukkaNigeria

Objective:To investigate correlates of resistance to G1 nematode infection in Nigerian West African dwarf(WAD) ***:Thirty three sheep were randomly assigned to two groups, A(n=27) which were used for experimental infections,and B(n=6) which served as uninfected *** infected animal received weekly escalating infections with infective larvae(60% Haemonchus contortus(***) and 40%Trichostrongylus colubriformis(***) for 4 *** responses of all the infected and control sheep were assessed by faecal egg count(FEC),worm burden(Wb),packed cell volume(PCV),body weight(Bwt).and body condition score(BCS).On the basis of their individual faecal egg output,Lambs in group A with epg≤1 000 on any sampling day were classified as low faecal egg count(LFEC) phenotype(n = 16),those with epg between 1 000 and 10 000 as intermediate(n=5) and lambs with epg > 10 000 as high feacal egg count(HFEC) phenotype(n=6).Results:The difference between the FEC classes was highly significant(P=0.001).The BCS and weight gained at the end of the experiment by the control and LFEC sheep was significandy higher(P≤0.05) than those of the intermediate and HFEC *** was a significant and negative correlation between the parasitological measures and the trio of BCS,PCV and Bwt of ***:The result of the study indicated that the FEC,weight gain,PCV,and BCS are correlates and potential selection crileria of G1 nematode resistant WAD sheep.

关键词： WAD sheep phenotypic markers Resistance Resilience GI nematode

Adhesion of subsets of human blood mononuclear cells to porcine endothelial cells

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第7期45卷 626-630页

作者： Xiaofeng Zhang Zhimin Feng Meifu Feng Hongfang Wang Ban Liqin Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool State Key Lab Biomembrane & Membrane Biotechnol Beijing 100080 Peoples R China

Cellular immune response is a major barrier to xenotransplantation, and cell adhesion is the first step in intercellular recognition. Flow-cytometric adhesion assay has been used to investigate the differential adhesions of monocyte (Mo), natural killer celi (NK) and T lymphocyte (T) present within human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAEC), and to demonstrate the effect of human interferon-γ (hIFN-γ) or/and tumor necrosis factor-α (hTNF-α) pretreatment of PAEC on their adhesiveness f or different PBMC subsets. The preferential sequence for PBMC subset binding to resting PAEC is Mo, NK and T cells, among which T cells show the slightest adherence; hTNF- a can act across the species, and augment Mo, NK and T cell adhesion ratios by 40%, 110% and 3 times, respectively. These results confirm at the cell level that host Mo and NK cells are major participants in the cellular xenograft rejection, thereby, providing a prerequisite for further studying the

关键词： human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) porcine aortic endothelial cell (PAEC) human tumor necrosis factor-α (hTNF-α) cell adhesion phenotypic analysis.

The Collaborative Cross mouse genetic reference population designed for dissecting complex traits

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中国比较医学杂志 2016年第8期26卷 1-19页

作者： Hanifa Abu Toamih Atamni Mahmoud Egbaria Yaser Salaymeh Aysar Nashif Fuad A.Iraqi Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv University Department of Prosthodontics Dental School at HadassahHebrew University

Complex traits are multifactorial traits controlled by polygenic host *** trait-related phenotypic characteristics and performance including body weight,blood chemistry,immune cell profiles,as well host susceptibility to infectious and chronic *** recent years,tremendous efforts were invested aiming to map the host genetic factors attribute to these traits and subsequently clone the gene/s underlying these *** parallel to human studies,a number of mouse models and approaches were developed aimed to enhance the mapping process and the gene *** include of using resources such as F2,backcross,advanced intercross lines,outbred populations,consomic,congenic and recombinant inbred lines(RIL).The constraints of these approaches were the limited resolution mapping of genomic regions of the quantitative trait loci(QTL)associated with the trait of interests,and the limited genetic diversity observed in the parental *** overcome these limitations,a new genetically highly diverse recombinant inbred lines of mouse population was established,namely the Collaborative Cross(CC),created from full reciprocal mating of 8 divergent strains of mice:A/J,C57BL/6J,129S1/SvI mJ,NOD/LtJ,NZO/HiL tJ,CAST/Ei,PWK/PhJ,and WSB/*** intercrossing these eight founders to generate the different CC lines,the genetic makeup of the newly developed resource is completely different from the eight parental lines,and will show heterosis,which subsequently will response differently comparing with their original ***,our results suggest that it is not essential to defining the phenotypic response of the eight parental lines,prior of assessing the CC lines,because it is believed that genetic interaction of the new genetic makeup of the new lines will reveal new phenotypic response,which completely different from the parental *** this report,we present to the community the power of the CC for dissecting variety of complex traits including host susceptib

关键词： phenotypic parental Collaborative inbred populations genomic susceptibility cloning overcome mating

DEVELOPMENTAL CAPACITIES OF THE GOLDFISH EGG, PROVIDED WITH ERYTHROCYTE NUCLEUS FROM ADULT CARP

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 1982年第1期1卷 104-110页

作者： Wu Shangqin (S. C. Wu), Cai Naner and Xu Quanhan (Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica) Institute of Oceanology Academia Sinica Qingdao China

1. Erythrocyte nucleus of adult carp was transplanted into enucleated egg of goldfish to test the totipotency of such differentiated cell.2. More than five thousand injections were made. Only 16% went on cleavage. They formed partial blastulae and blastulae. Only less than 1% went on gastrulation, but the completion of gastrulation was varied, from early epiboly to normal fish formation.3. 16 larvae with complete sets of organs were obtained, but gradually their development became abnormal, the body became distorted and edematous, and in 10—15 days they died without feeding ability.4. Three completely normal juvenile fishes have been obtained from such nucleo-cytoplasmic combination. Two of them died of fungus infestion at the age of 2 1/2 months. The remaining one is still alive now. The phenotypic characteristics of these fishes were of hybrid form. They were single tailed, with. elongated body and large scale as carp, and have the habit of jumping, but the form of the head and the absence of barbel were similar to goldfish. The characteristics of carp shown proves the presence of the function of the nucleus introduced.5. From the results presented above, we suggest that the nucleus of such differentiated cell like erythrocyte is still totipotent. The possible cause of such a low percentage of successful transplantation is also discussed.

关键词： phenotypic cytoplasmic varied juvenile larvae nucleus organs completion abnormal elongated

Comparative transcriptional analysis provides insights of possible molecular mechanisms of wing polyphenism induced by postnatal crowding in Aphis gossypii

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Journal of Cotton Research 2019年第3期2卷 151-161页

作者： JI Jichao ZHANG Shuai LUO Junyu WANG Li ZHU Xiangzhen ZHANG Kaixin ZHANG Lijuan CUI Jinjie State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Institute of Cott on ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAnyang 455000China Zhengzhou Research Base State Key Laboratory of Cotton BiologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Research Base State Key Laboratory of Cott on BiologyAnyang Institute of Tech nologyAnyang 455000China

Background:Aphis gossypii is a worldwide sap-sucking pest with a variety of hosts and a vector of more than 50 plant *** strategy of wing polyphenism,mostly resulting from population density increasing,contributes to the evolutionary success of this ***,the related molecular basis remains ***,we identified the effects of postnatal crowding on wing morph determination in cotton aphid,and examined the transcriptomic differences between wingless and wing ***:Effect of postnatal crowding on wing determination in A gossypii was evaluated *** the density of 5 nymphs·cm-2,no wing aphids *** of wing morphs rised with the increase of density in a certain extent,and peaked to 56.1% at the density of 20 nymphs·cm-2,and reduced ***,transcriptomes of wingless and wing morphs were assembled and annotated separately to identify potentially exclusively or differentially expressed transcripts between these two morphs,in which 3 126 and 3 392 unigenes annotated in Nr(Non-redundant protein sequence) database were found in wingless or wing morphs ***,3 187 up-and 1 880 down-regulated genes were identified in wing versus wingless *** analysis suggested the involvement of differentially expressed genes in multiple cellular signaling pathways involved in wing morphs determination,including lipid catabolic and metabolism,insulin,ecdysone and juvenile hormone *** expression levels of related genes were validated by the reverse transcription quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) soon ***:The present study identified the effects of postnatal crowding on wing morphs induction and demonstrated that the critical population density for wing morphs formation in A gossypii was 20 nymphs·*** transcriptome analysis provides transcripts potentially expressed exclusively in wingless or wing morph,*** expressed gen

关键词： Cotton aphid Apterous and alate aphids Wing induction phenotypic plasticity Gene expression profiling

Evaluation of age, weaning weight, body condition score, and reproductive tract score in pre-selected beef heifers relative to reproductive potential

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第2期10卷 307-313页

作者： Sarah E.Dickinson Michelle F.Elmore Lisa Kriese-ANDerson Joshua B.Elmore Bailey N.Walker Paul W.Dyce Soren P.Rodning Fernando H.Biase 1Department of Animal Sciences Auburn University559 Devall DrAuburnAL 36839USA.2Alabama Cooperative Extension SystemAuburnALUSA.

Background: Artificial insemination is a preferred breeding method for beef heifers as it advances the genetic background, produces a predictive and profitable calving season, and extends the heifer’s reproductive life *** reproductive efficiency in heifers is key for the success of beef cattle production systems, following artificial insemination, heifers are exposed to a bull for the remainder of the breeding season. Altogether, up to 95% of heifers might become pregnant in their first breeding season. Heifers that do not become pregnant at the end of the breeding season represent an irreparable economical loss. Additionally, heifers conceiving late in the breeding season to natural service, although acceptable, poses serious losses to producers. To minimize losses due to reproductive failure, different phenotypic parameters can be assessed and utilized as selection tools. Here, we tested the hypothesis that in a group of pre-selected heifers, records of weaning weight, age at weaning, age at artificial insemination, and age of dam differ among heifers of varied reproductive outcomes during the first breeding ***: None of the parameters tested presented predictive ability to discriminate the heifers based on the response variable(‘pregnant to artificial insemination’, ‘pregnant to natural service’, ‘not pregnant’). Heifers categorized with body condition score = 6 and reproductive tract score ≥ 4 had the greatest proportion of pregnancy to artificial insemination(49% and 44%, respectively). Furthermore, it was notable that heifers presenting body condition score = 6 and reproductive tract score = 5 presented the greatest pregnancy rate at end of the breeding season(89%). Heifers younger than 368 d at the start of the breeding season did not become pregnant to artificial insemination. Those young heifers had 12.5% chance to become pregnant in their first breeding season,compared to 87.5% if the heifers were older than 368 ***: Our results

关键词： Fertility phenotypic selection Pregnancy outcome Replacement heifer

Genetic Worth Effect Models for Boreal Conifers and Their Utility When Integrated into Density Management Decision-Support Systems

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Open Journal of Forestry 2015年第1期5卷 105-115页

作者： Peter F. Newton Canadian Wood Fibre Centre Canadian Forest Service Natural Resources Canada Sault Ste. Marie Canada

Based on approaches deduced from previous research findings and empirical observations from density control experiments, genetic worth effect response models were developed for black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill) BSP.) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) plantations. The models accounted for the increased rate of stand development arising from the planting of genetically-improved stock through temporal adjustments to the species-specific site-based mean dominant height-age functions. The models utilized a relative height growth modifier based on known estimates of genetic gain. The models also incorporated a phenotypic juvenile age-mature age correlation function in order to account for the intrinsic temporal decline in the magnitude of genetic worth effects throughout the rotation. Integrating the functions into algorithmic variants of structural stand density management models produced stand development patterns that were consistent with axioms of even-aged stand dynamics.

关键词： Picea mariana Pinus banksiana Structural Stand Density Management Models phenotypic Juvenile Age-Mature Age Correlation Canadian Boreal Forest Region

Genomic analysis of a novel strain of Bacillus nealsonii, isolated from Surti buffalo rumen

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第3期5卷 235-245页

作者： Neelam M. Nathani Srinivas M. Duggirala Vaibhav D. Bhatt Jay KaPatel Chaitanya G. Joshi Department of Animal Biotechnology College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry Anand Agricultural University Anand India Department of Microbiology Gujarat Vidyapith Sa-dra India

Aim: Whole genome sequencing and functional annotation of Bacillus nealsonii strain AAU1, an amylolytic anaerobic spore forming isolate from ruminal contents of buffalo. Methods and Results: Morphologically, the strain was observed as slender Grampositive rods, occurring in pairs. Optimal growth was observed at 40°C (range: 30°C to 45°C) and pH 6.5 (range: 5.5 to 7.5) when cultivated in Hungate’s medium supplemented with starch. The microorganism showed extracellular constitutive amylolytic activity, proving to be capable of utilizing glucose, maltose, mannose, trehalose, dextrin and starch under anaerobic conditions. Sequence analysis revealed a GC content of 35.1 mol%. Comparison of housekeeping gene sequences for RNA polymerase subunit B (rpoB) and gyrase A (gyrA) identified sequence similarity within the Bacillus genus, confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity which identified Bacillus nealsonii DSM 15077 as the closest publically available relative. Chemotaxonomic analysis provided conflicting results with straight-chain saturated C16: 0/C16:0 aldehyde, C16:0 DMA, C14:0 and monounsaturated 16:1w7c and 16:1w9c the major fatty acids in contrast to those reported for B. nealsonii DSM15077. Further characterization using AN-Bilog and physiological parameters provided genotypic and phenotypic support for taxonomic classification of isolate AAU1 with published Bacillus species including B. licheniformis, B. subtilis, B. circulans and B. nealsonii. Conclusion: Based on the data presented, isolate is likely to represent a new strain/subspecies, for which the identifier B. nealsonii AAU1 is proposed. Significance and Impact of Study: The strict anaerobic conditions prevailing in the bovine rumen from where AAU1 was isolated may have resulted in genetic polymorphism influencing its metabolic characteristics.

关键词： Bacillus nealsonii AAU1 Anaerobic phenotypic Characterization Genomic Analysis