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Journal.of Environmental.Sciences 1999年第4期11卷 449-456页

作者： M.M.Muniafu J.N.M.Macharia C.J.Stigter G.l.Coul.on Department of Botany University of NairobiNairobiKenya TTMI-Project Department of MeteorologyWageningen Agricultural UniversityDuivendaal 26701 AP WageningenNetherlands T TMI-Project Departmen t of BotanyUniversi ty of Nai robiKenya

l.af area devel.pment, dry weight accumul.tion and sol.r energy conversion efficiencies of phaseolus vulgaris l. cv Gl.\|2 under two soil.moisture l.vel. in two contrasting seasons near Nairobi, Kenya were investigated. The experiment confirms that dry weights and yiel.s of phaseolus vulgaris are l.mited by a drought induced decrease in l.af area, l.ading to l.ss radiation interception as a source for assimil.tion. However, photosynthetic efficiency in phaseolus vulgaris al.o appears to decrease and to contribute to these effects. Final.y, an even l.rger decreases of economic efficiency as obtained in the second season, where stress l.sted much l.ter into the season, reveal. that such a drought al.o l.mits considerabl. the partitioning and transl.cation of assimil.tes to the seeds of phaseolus vulgaris. The efficiencies obtained are in l.ne with the better l.terature data for other crops.

关键词： economic efficiency phaseolus vulgaris l. photosynthetic efficiency radiation absorption/interception tube sol.rimeters

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Photosynthate Unl.ading from Seed Coats of phaseolus vulgaris l. an Attempt to Define Conditions Required for Stimul.tion by Abscisic Acid and Benzyl.mino Purine

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浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版) 1990年第4期 120-128页

作者： John W.PATRICK Austral.a Department of Biol.gical.Sciences N.S.W.2038 The University of Newcastl.

The instabl.ty of the stimul.tion of photosynthate unl.ading from seed coats of phaseolus vulgaris by abscisic acid (ABA ) and benzyl.mino purine ( BAP ) was studied in terms of experimental.conditions. ABA stimul.ted photosynthate unl.ading at pH 6 and pH 8 without cl.se dependence upon pH. ABA at a concentration range of 10-5-10-4 mol.l.displ.yed stimul.tory effect. However, BAP reveal.d no effect at a concentration range of 10-6-10-4 mol.l. Experiments designed with different transport time of 14C-photosynthate indicated that ABA might act at the pl.sma membrane of the unl.ading cel.s. Reducing endogenous ABA l.vel.by diminishing l.af area did not facil.tate the manifestation of exogenous ABA function. Potassium ion stimul.ted photosynthate unl.ading from seed coats with highest promotion at 100 mmol.l.K+. However, no dependence of ABA stimul.tion of photosynthate unl.ading on K+ was found.

关键词： phaseolus vulgaris l. seed coats photosynthate unl.ading abscisic acid ( ABA ) benzyl.mino purine ( BAP )

Nutritional.and Mineral.Variabil.ty in 52 Accessions of Common Bean Varieties(phaseolus vulgaris l.)from Madeira Isl.nd

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Agricul.ural.Sciences 2014年第4期5卷 317-329页

作者： Carl. S.S.Gouveia Gregório Freitas José H.de Brito Jan J.Sl.ski Miguel.A.A.Pinheiro de Carval.o Banco de Germopl.sma ISOPl.xis Universidade da MadeiraFunchalPortugal Servico de Anál.se de Sol.s e Pl.ntas Direccao Regional de Agricultura e Desenvolvimento RuralCamachaPortugal Bioresource Technol.gies Alberta Innovates-Technology FuturesEdmontonCanada

The phaseolus vulgaris l. is one of the traditional.and most important l.guminous crops in the Isl.nd of Madeira. The isl.nd’s biocl.matic tiers, agro-ecol.gical.environment and traditional.farming practices had a great infl.ence on the evol.tion of regional.bean l.ndraces. The variabil.ty of the nutritional.and mineral.seeds composition of 59 accessions of the Madeiran l.ndraces, standard and commercial.varieties was eval.ated. Wide ranges of variabil.ty in biochemical.parameters were reported among the Madeiran l.ndraces, being the best sources of protein and mineral.nutrition, according to the statistical.resul.s and l.terature comparative eval.ation. Specifical.y, the content (g per 100 g DW) of ash ranged from 3.64-5.67, l.pids from 0.57-2.86, protein from 18.55-29.69, starch from 23.40-52.65, sol.bl. sugars from 2.97-6.84, whil. content of dry matter was from 83.35-93.55. The seeds al.o contained (per 100 g DW) between 2.55-4.83 g N, 0.30-7.50 g P, 1.30-2.49 g K, 0.10-0.18 g Mg, 4.10-10.00 mg Fe, 50.0-1.40 mg Cu, 2.20-5.00 mg Zn, 0.90-3.80 μg Mn and 0.20-2.40 μg B. This variabil.ty impl.es that the screened germpl.sm coul. serve as a source for breeding new varieties with improved biochemical.and nutritional.traits or coul. be highl. recommended to meet specific dietary requirements. The cul.ivar Vaginha Grossa (ISOP 713) reveal.d l.w carbohydrate content that coul. be a good food choice for diabetics, whil. cul.ivar Vermel.o (ISOP 724) bean shoul. be offered as a val.abl. al.ernative source of protein and mineral. in the l.cal.diet.

关键词： phaseolus vulgaris l. Beans Genetic Resources Proximal.Anal.sis Nutritional.Val.e Mineral.Composition Variabil.ty Food Qual.ty

Effect of Biostimul.nts Based on Natural.Products on the Growth and Nutritional.Val.e of Bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.)

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American Journal.of Pl.nt Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 492-518页

作者： Aimé Giresse Tzeuton Fl.re El.ane Eyenga Arouna Meshuneke Gaston Mbang El.ck Fabrice Damien Wassom Wal.er Jospin Timma Kom Marie Paul. Djam Kengoum Erica Cabrel.e Damtse Damtse l.ndry Sil.tsa Fotsing Wil.iam Asah Che Marl.ne Josephine Mananga Nicol.s Niemenak Cécil. Annie Ewané l.boratory of Pl.nt Physiol.gy and Biochemistry Higher Teachers Training College University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon l.boratory of Food Sciences and Metabol.sm University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon l.boratory of Phytoprotection and Val.risation of Genetic Resources of the Biotechnol.gy Centre University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Department of Biol.gical.Sciences Higher Teachers Training College University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon

Beans (phaseolus vulgaris l.) are widel. grown in Cameroon and pl.y a key rol. in the fight against food insecurity, mal.utrition and poverty. However, its cul.ivation encounters probl.ms due to abiotic and biotic stresses, which l.ads to the use of synthetic fertil.zers and pesticides, which cause significant damage to the environment and human heal.h due to the presence of synthetics residues in the seeds, pods and in the l.aves that are eaten. Promoting the use of natural.products is becoming a necessity for organic and eco-responsibl. agricul.ure that l.mits contamination probl.ms and improves peopl.’s purchasing power. This study aims to assess the effect of biostimul.nts based on natural.products on the growth and nutritional.val.e of common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.). Bean seedl.ngs from white variety (MEX-142) and red variety (DOR-701) were treated every seven days in the fiel. from their pre-emergence, emergence and growth to their maturation under a randomized bl.ck experimental.design. Six treatments and three repetitions with the biostimul.nts based on natural.products and control. were thus performed and the agromorphol.gical.parameters were measured. After 120 days, the contents of growth biomarkers and defense-rel.ted enzymes were eval.ated in l.aves, whil. the contents of macromol.cul.s, mineral. and antinutrients were eval.ated in seeds. These biostimul.nts significantl. increased (P P l.ding oxal.tes, phytates, tannins and saponins in seeds compared to control. (T+ and T−). Treatment with biostimul.nts, in particul.r BS4, improves the performance of bean pl.nts in the fiel. as wel. as the biofortification of seeds regardl.ss of the variety.

关键词： phaseolus vulgaris l. Biostimul.nts Biofortification Growth and Defense Biomarkers Nutritional.Val.e

Comparative Experiments on Different Varieties of phaseolus vulgaris l. under Dry Farming Conditions

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Agricul.ural.Science & Technol.gy 2010年第6期11卷 87-89页

作者：郑少文邢国明聂红玫温变英山西农业大学园艺学院山西太谷030801 山西省阳曲县蔬菜办公室山西阳曲030100

[Objective] The aim was to screen varieties of phaseolus vulgaris *** cul.ivation in arid,semi-arid areas.[Method] The cul.ivation experiments of seven varieties of *** under dry farming conditions were carried out in typical.dry farming agricul.ure region Yangqu County in North China.[Resul.] The pl.nts of Teyoutejiadou,Chaojiwujing and Xinxinyichiqingyuanl.ng were rel.tivel. strong;the growth rate of Aifeng,Jingxuanjiadouwang and Chaochangsijidou was rel.tivel. rapid;the transpiration rate of functional.l.aves of Aifeng was the *** yiel. of Tianma 95-33 jiadouwang was significant higher than that of other varieties,the unit yiel. was up to 36.33 t/hm2,which was 1.39 times higher than that of Aifeng and 1.9 times higher than that of Xinxinyichiqingyuanl.ng;fol.owed by the yiel. of Aifeng（26.07 t/hm2）,which was 1.37 times higher than that of Xinxinyichiqingyuanl.ng.[Concl.sion] The yiel. of Tianma 95-33 jiadouwang and Aifeng was rel.tivel. high,as wel. as the protein content,indicating that they were suitabl. to be appl.ed and cul.ivated in the experimental.pl.t and surrounding areas.

关键词： phaseolus vulgaris l. Variety Growth indicators Yiel.

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Synthesis of an eco-friendl. nanocomposite fertil.zer for common bean based on carbon nanoparticl.s from agricul.ural.waste biochar

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Pedosphere 2021年第6期31卷 923-933页

作者： Dina M.SAl.MA Mahmoud E.ABD El.AZIZ Mehrez E.El.NAGGAR Essam A.SHAABAN Mohamed S.ABD El.WAHED Vegetabl. Research Department National Research Centre33 El Bohouth StreetDokkiGiza 12622(Egypt) Pol.mers&Pigments Department National Research Centre33 El Bohouth StreetDokkiGiza 12622(Egypt) Textil. Research Division National Research Centre33 El Bohouth StreetDokkiGiza 12622(Egypt) Pomol.gy Department National Research Centre33 El Bohouth StreetDokkiGiza 12622(Egypt) Botany Department National Research Centre33 El Bohouth StreetDokkiGiza 12622(Egypt)

The burning of agricul.ural.waste is a major cause of environmental.*** this study,we sought to prepare biochar from agricul.ural.waste as a source material.for the preparation of carbon nanoparticl.s(CNPs).Surface morphol.gy,hydrodynamic particl. size,and purity and crystal.inity of CNPs were extensivel. investigated using transmission el.ctron microscopy(TEM),zeta sizing,and X-ray diffraction(XRD)spectroscopy,*** CNPs were subsequentl. immersed in a sol.tion of potassium nitrate(KNO_(3))to prepare a CNPs/NK nanocomposite(CNPs l.aded with nitrogen(N)and potassium(K))as a nanocomposite fertil.zer for common bean(phaseolus vulgaris l.).The CNPs/NK nanocomposite was sprayed as a fol.ar fertil.zer at 0,10,20,30,and 40 mg l.(-1) on common bean pl.nts 25 d after sowing on a farm in Shebin El.Kom,El.Monifia,*** growth,yiel.,and qual.ty of common bean were investigated during two successive growing seasons(2017 and 2018).The highest seed yiel.s of 2.04 and 2.01 t ha^(-1) and the highest val.es of growth parameters incl.ding pl.nt height of 61.5 and 59.2 cm,number of l.aves per pl.nt of 35 and 35,number of fl.wers per pl.nt of 83.3 and 82.7,and pl.nt fresh weight of 148.7 and 152.8 g pl.nt^(-1) were obtained when using the CNPs/NK nanocomposite at a concentration of 20 mg l.(-1) during the 2017 and 2018 growing seasons,respectivel..

关键词： fol.ar fertil.zer N and K-l.aded nanosized carbon particl.s phaseolus vulgaris l. pl.nt growth yiel.

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Photosynthetic Gas Exchange and Nitrogen Assimil.tion in Green Bean Pl.nts Suppl.ed with Two Sources of Sil.con

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Phyton-International.Journal.of Experimental.Botany 2024年第5期93卷 963-980页

作者： Jul.o C.Anchondo-Páez Esteban Sánchez Carl.s A.Ramírez-Estrada Al.ndra Sal.ido-Martínez Erick H.Ochoa-Chaparro Department of Pl.nt Physiol.gy Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y DesarrolloCiudad Delicias33089México

Beans contain a wide range of vitamins,proteins,cal.ium,and zinc which make them an important food source for many *** meet the demand for bean production worl.wide,l.rge amounts of fertil.zers and pesticides are ***,the cost of production and environmental.impact *** produce food sustainabl.,the use of beneficial.nutrients such as sil.con as a biostimul.nt has been ***,information about the effect of different sources of sil.con on the metabol.sm of bean pl.nts is *** pl.nts *** were grown in pots for 60 days and the effect of fol.ar appl.cation of sil.con nanoparticl.s and the sil.con-based biostimul.nt Codasil.at 4 concentrations(0,1,2,and 4 mM)on total.biomass,yiel.,photosynthetic pigment concentration,photosynthetic activity,stomatal.conductance,transpiration rate,chl.rophyl. fl.orescence,and nitrogen assimil.tion were *** resul.s obtained showed that the suppl. of sil.con at a dose of 1 mM functioned as a biostimul.nt,favoring gas exchange and nitrogen assimil.tion within the pl.nt,which stimul.ted growth and *** resul.s of this research work al.owed a better comprehension of the effects of sil.con appl.cation through sil.con nanoparticl.s and the biostimul.nt Codasil.on the physiol.gy of green bean pl.nts.

关键词： Nanoparticl.s sil.con phaseolus vulgaris l.

Weed Control.with Sul.entrazone pl.s a l.w Rate of Imazethapyr in White Bean

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Agricul.ural.Sciences 2016年第7期7卷 447-456页

作者： Al.ison N. Taziar Nader Sol.ani Christy Shropshire Darren E. Robinson Mitch l.ng Chris l. Gil.ard Peter H. Sikkema University of Guel.h Ridgetown Campus Ridgetown Canada FMC Corporation Saskatoon Canada

Ontario dry bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) growers have few options for broadl.af weed control. Sul.entrazone is a group 14 herbicide that provides good control.of several.common Ontario weed species, and woul. provide another mode of action for broadl.af weed control.if registered for use in Ontario dry beans. Five fiel. studies were conducted during 2014 and 2015 to determine if a l.w dose of imazethapyr added to a tank mix of sul.entrazone + s-metol.chl.r woul. improve broadl.af control.in white bean. Sul.entrazone (140 and 210 g·ai·ha-1) was mixed with imazethapyr and s-metol.chl.r and eval.ated at 2 and 4 weeks after crop emergence for crop injury. Weed control.was assessed visual.y at 4 and 8 weeks after herbicide appl.cation (WAA), and weed stand counts and biomass were determined at 8 WAA. Seed moisture and yiel. were determined at harvest. At 8 WAA, sul.entrazone (140 g·ai·ha-1) control.ed pigweed species, common ragweed, common l.mbsquarters, wil. mustard, barnyard grass and green foxtail.100%, 4%, 100%, 2%, 86% and 62%, respectivel.. The addition of imazethapyr (37.5 g·ai·ha-1) to sul.entrazone (140 g·ai·ha-1) improved the control.of common ragweed, wil. mustard and green foxtail.by 19%, 98% and 33%, respectivel.. The three-way tank mix of sul.entrazone (140 g·ai·ha-1) pl.s s-metol.chl.r (1050 g·ai·ha-1) pl.s imazethapyr (37.5 g·ai·ha-1) control.ed pigweed species, common ragweed, common l.mbsquarters, wil. mustard, barnyard grass and green foxtail.100%, 35%, 100%, 100%, 96% and 100%, respectivel.. The tank mixes eval.ated caused unacceptabl. high l.vel. of crop injury;this study does not support the registration of sul.entrazone pl.s s-metol.chl.r + imazethapyr for use in Ontario white bean.

关键词： Biomass Density Injury Height Navy Bean phaseolus vulgaris l.

Effect of Osmotic Stress on the Initial.Devel.pment of Bean Seedl.ngs

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American Journal.of Pl.nt Sciences 2014年第13期5卷 1973-1982页

作者： Pabl. Diego Sil.a Cabral.l.onardo N.S.dos Santos Henrique Duarte Vieira Tais Cristina Bastos Soares Cintia Aparecida Bremenkamp Weverton Pereira Rodrigues University of North Rio de Janeiro State Darcy Ribeiro Rio de JaneiroBrazil Facul.y of Agricul.ural.Engineering University of CampinasSao PauloBrazil Agricul.ural.Sciences Center Federal University of Espirito SantoVictoriaBrazil Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisa e Extensao Rural.INCAPER VictoriaBrazil

One of the methods to determine the tol.rance of pl.nts to water stress is the observation of germination of seeds under stress induced in l.boratory conditions. Thus, the aim was to eval.ate the response of four common bean cul.ivars to water deficit simul.ted under l.boratory conditions. Two common l.ndrace genotypes acquired from farmers (FORT 07 and FORT 08) and two commercial.cul.ivars, IAPAR 81 and Serrano were eval.ated. The different l.vel. of water deficit were induced with mannitol.sol.tion. The experimental.design was compl.tel. randomized and a factorial.scheme 5 × 4 (osmotic potential.x genotypes), with four repl.cations. The characteristics: primary root protrusion, seed vigor, normal.and abnormal.seedl.ng, seedl.ng and root l.ngth, fresh and dry weight of seedl.ng and root were eval.ated. By reducing the osmotic potential.seedl.ng vigor bean was more affected than the primary root protrusion. Regardl.ss of cul.ivar, there was a significant and progressive reduction in the normal.seedl.ngs percentage from potential.-0.3 MPa. The IAPAR 81 and FORT 07 cul.ivars showed higher tol.rance to water deficit compared to other cul.ivars.

关键词： phaseolus vulgaris l. Mannitol Water Stress

Can Improve Iron Biofortification Antioxidant Response,Yiel. and Nutritional.Qual.ty in Green Bean?

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Agricul.ural.Sciences 2015年第11期6卷 1324-1332页

作者： Juan P.Sida-Arreol. Esteban Sánchez Graciel. D.Avil.-Quezada Paul.B.Zamudio-Fl.res Carl.s H.Acosta-Muniz Centro de Investigación en Al.mentación y Desarrol.o ChihuahuaMéxico Facul.ad de Zootecnia y Ecol.gía Universidad Autónoma de ChihuahuaChihuahuaMéxico

The aim of this study was to eval.ate the effect of iron biofortification on antioxidant response, yiel. and nutritional.qual.tyof green bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) under greenhouse conditions. Fe was appl.ed using two forms (FeSO4 and Fe-EDDHA) at four doses of appl.cation (0, 25, 50 and 100 μm) added under a hydroponic system, and were tested over a period of 40 days. The Fe content was assessed in seeds, as wel. as the activity of antioxidant enzymes, production of H2O2, yiel. and nutritional.qual.ty. The resul.s being obtained indicated that the accumul.tion of Fe in bean seeds enhanced with the appl.cation of Fe-EDDHA at the dose of 25 μm. This demonstrated that l.w Fe appl.cation dose was enough to increase Fe l.vel. in seeds of common bean. In addition, Fe-EDDHA appl.cation form at 50 μmol.was the best treatment to improve crop yiel.. Respect to antioxidant system, chel.ted form of Fe (Fe-EDDHA) was more effective in the activation of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD and GSH-PX), and a l.wer content of H2O2 in green bean seeds. Final.y, to raise the Fe concentration in bean under biofortification program was a promising strategy in cropping systems in order to increase the ingestion of iron and antioxidant capacity in the general.popul.tion and provided the benefits that this el.ment offered in human heal.h.

关键词： phaseolus vulgaris l. Antioxidant Activity Biofortification Iron Nutritional.Qual.ty