A diode laser array(DLA)positioned in an external cavity can receive the radiations emitted from its neighboring elements (C 1) and that of itself (S) after being reflected at the DLA facet as well as from the externa...
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A diode laser array(DLA)positioned in an external cavity can receive the radiations emitted from its neighboring elements (C 1) and that of itself (S) after being reflected at the DLA facet as well as from the external mirror (C 0). Considering the fact that|C 0/S| should be larger than unity if the external cavity is effective,and|C 1/S| should be larger than unity if the phase locking may be established in the external *** requirements on the reflection at the facet of the diode laser array have been specified in terms of the cavity length and reflection coefficient of the external mirror.
There is great interest in knowing when a future El Niño will occur. Most physical models forecast the future based on climate data from the recent past—about a year. The forecasted future is also a fraction of a...
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There is great interest in knowing when a future El Niño will occur. Most physical models forecast the future based on climate data from the recent past—about a year. The forecasted future is also a fraction of a year. This approach to predicting the future does not use the fact that the climate system may be in a phase-locked state in which sinusoidal oscillations of 2 or 3 years are observed. These states can last many cycles. Thus, if the climate system is in a phase-locked state, one may be able to make definite statements about the future independent of physical models. Douglass, Knox, Curtiss, Geise and Ray (DKCGR) have used the fact that the climate system is presently in a phase-loxked state of period 3 years to state (December 2016) that the next El Niño episode may show a maximum at about November of 2018. We present an updated analysis and state (September 2018) that if the climate system remains in a phase-locked state of period 3 years there will be an El Niño maximum at about November 2018. If that happens, there could be another El Niño maximum at about November 2021.
RF excited CO 2 waveguide laser arrays with three different structures (one dimension and two dimension) are reported in this paper. The output character of far field and near field of those lasers have studies and th...
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RF excited CO 2 waveguide laser arrays with three different structures (one dimension and two dimension) are reported in this paper. The output character of far field and near field of those lasers have studies and the phase locking between the waveguide elements has discussed. The cavity length of waveguide laser array is 380 mm and the resonator is formed by placing a plane germanium coated gold mirror and a plane ZnSe output coupler. The laser is operated with filling static gas of He∶N 2∶CO 2∶Xe=3∶1∶1∶0.1 mixture at 1.06×10 4 Pa total pressure. High output power density is achieved and the output power is 30 w with an efficiency η=10%. The output power is limited by the maximum power of RF transmitter.
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