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Digestibility and metabolism of copper in diets for pigs and influence of dietary copper on growth performance,intestinal health,and overall immune status:a review

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 426-437页

作者： Charmaine D.Espinosa Hans H.Stein Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbana 61801USA Division of Nutritional Sciences University of IllinoisUrbana 61801USA

The current contribution reviews absorption and metabolism of copper(Cu),Cu deficiency,Cu toxicity,Cu bioavailability,and effects of pharmacological levels of Cu on growth performance and intestinal health of *** is a micro mineral involved in metabolic reactions including cellular respiration,tissue pigmentation,hemoglobin formation,and connective tissue *** is mostly absorbed in the upper gastrointestinal tract,particularly in the duodenum,but some Cu is absorbed in the *** way to evaluate the efficacy of sources of Cu is to measure relative bioavailability where responses include tissue concentrations of Cu,concentrations of metalloproteins,and enzymatic activity of animals fed test diets containing graded levels of *** requirement for Cu by pigs is 5 to 10 mg/kg diet,however,Cu can be included at growth-promoting levels(i.e.,75 to 250 mg/kg diet)in diets for weanling and growing pigs to reduce post-weaning diarrhea and improve growth *** consistently observed improvement in growth performance upon Cu supplementation is likely a result of increases in lipase activity,growth hormone secretion,and expression of genes involved in postabsorptive metabolism of *** growth-promoting effects of dietary Cu have also been attributed to its bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties because Cu may change bacterial populations in the intestine,and thereby reduce inflammation caused by ***,further research is needed to determine potential interactions between Cu and non-nutritive feed additives(e.g.,enzymes,probiotics,phytobiotics),and the optimum quantity of Cu as well as the optimum duration of feeding supplemental Cu in diets for pigs should be further *** gaps needs to be addressed to maximize inclusion of Cu in diets to improve growth performance while minimizing diseases and mortality.

关键词： Copper Copper nutrition Intestinal health Metabolism pharmacological concentrations Pigs

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