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Study of the Adsorption Efficiency of an Eco-Friendly Carbohydrate Polymer for Contaminated Aqueous Solution by Organophosphorus pesticide

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Open Journal of Organic Polymer Materials 2014年第1期4卷 16-28页

作者： Z. Abdeen Somaia G. Mohammad pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution Department Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory Agriculture Research Center Dokki Giza Egypt Petrochemical Department Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute Nasr City Cairo Egypt

The removal of pesticide (ethoprophos) from aqueous solution using a natural biosorbent such as chitosan (CH) prepared from a biopolymer waste obtained from marine industry was studied. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) were used to study the structure of the adsorbent. The biosorption studies were carried out under various parameters, such as biosorbent dose, initial pesticide concentration and contact time. The experimental results show that the removal percentage of ethoprophos increased from 85.693% to 89.234%, as adsorbent dose (CH) increased from 0.02 to 0.1 g/100ml. The equilibrium uptake was increased with an increase in the initial pesticide concentration in solution. Biosorption kinetic data were fitted well with the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The experimental isotherms data were analyzed using Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm equations. The best fit was obtained by Freundlich isotherm with high correlation coefficients. That the value of energy calculated from the D-R isotherm was 5.56 KJ/mol suggests the adsorption of ethoprophos on Chitosan is physical. All the results indicating CH was chosen as low-cost biosorbent could be applied for the removal of organophosphorous pesticide from aqueous solutions.

关键词： Chitosan Adsorption Organophosphorous pesticide Contaminated

Chronicle of China's pesticide industry in 2009-high efficiency,lower toxicity,and environment-friendliness

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China Chemical Reporter 2010年第5期21卷 17-18页

作者： Sun Zhujun

2009 was a relatively hard year for the *** mule policy adjustmentson a large scale, and further policies favorableto farmers were put into effect, fhe indepthadjustment seems to provide growingpotential for a higher and stranger standardof living in the *** from the pastyear’s reforms, policies and ether changes inthe pesticide industry, it is apparent that competitivenesswill inereasingly rely on the technologicallevel and innovative capability ofthe *** Industry becomes more andmore concentrated, core enterprises becomefewer and fewer and various policies becomemore stringent, plenty of small, and mediumscale enterprises face increasing probabilityof elimination. - EDITOR’S

关键词： pesticide stringent innovative elimination concent

Evaluation of Heavy Metals and pesticide Residues in Dendrobium officinale Produced in Guangxi

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Medicinal Plant 2019年第5期10卷 73-76,81页

作者： Hua ZHU Ruiting HE Piaoling HUANG Wenqi YANG Anda WEI Yuanjing TAO Zhonghua DAI Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning 530001China Shandong DYNE Marine Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd.Weihai 264300China

[Objectives]To establish a method for the determination of heavy metals and pesticide residues in Dendrobium officinale produced in Guangxi and its culture substrate.[Methods]The contents of five heavy metals(Pb,Cd,As,Hg and Cu)were determined by the atomic absorption spectrophotometric(AAS)method;residues of 9 organochlorine pesticides(α-BHC,β-BHC,γ-BHC,δ-BHC,p,p′-DDT,p,p′-DDE,p,p′-DDD,o,p′-DDT and pentachloronitrobenzene)were determined by gas chromatography(GC).[Results]The contents of five heavy metals in the medicinal materials of *** produced in Guangxi were 0.96,0.21,0.021 mg/kg,and not detected,and 0.35 mg/*** contents of five heavy metals in the culture substrate were 0.03,0.19,0.21,0.004 and 1.80 mg/kg,respectively;the content of 9 organochlorine pesticide residues in the sample was not detected.[Conclusions]The detection results of heavy metal content and organochlorine pesticide residues in *** produced in Guangxi and its substrate are consistent with the limit requirements of the Chinese *** experiment is expected to provide reliable data reference for ensuring the safety of the drug resources of *** in Guangxi.

关键词： Dendrobium officinale produced in Guangxi Culture substrate Heavy metal pesticide residues

Health Risk Associated with pesticide Contamination of Fish from the Densu River Basin in Ghana

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2011年第2期2卷 115-123页

作者： J. R. Fianko A. Donkor S. T. Lowor P. O. Yeboah E.T. Glover T. Adom A. Faanu NNRI GAEC Department of Chemistry University of Ghana Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences University of Ghana

The Densu River Basin constitutes one of the largest agricultural areas in Ghana. The practice of using pesticides such as organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids and several others in agriculture and public health programs has raised concerns about potentially adverse effects on human health and the environment. In this study, a field survey was conducted to assess farmers’ knowledge of safe handling and use of pesticides. Residues of pesticides in fish samples as well as the potential health risk associated with exposure to these pesticides were also evaluated. Data obtained from the field survey indicate that a very high proportion of farmers are at high risk of pesticide poisoning from occupational exposure. More than 90% of farm workers do not practice safety precaution during pesticide formulation and application leading to considerable prevalence of pesticide related illness in this agricultural community. pesticide residues in fish samples varied greatly;from 0.10 μgKg-1 to 30.90 μgKg-1, consumption of fish and fisheries product from the basin was no zero risk. The estimated dose for aldrin, methoxychlor, γ-chlordane, endrin aldehyde, endrin ketone, endrin, p'p'-DDT and δ- HCH do not pose a direct hazard to human health, although present in fish samples since the values were lower than toxic thresholds as well as reference dose. However, γ- HCH, heptachlor, α-endosulfan, endosulfan Sulphate, p'p'-DDE and dieldrin levels exceeded the reference dose, indicating a great potential for systemic toxicity in children who are considered to be the most vulnerable population subgroup.

关键词： Ghana pesticide Residue Exposure Health Risk Densu

Safety of gastric lavage using nasogastric ryle’s tube in pesticide poisoning

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Health 2011年第7期3卷 401-405页

作者： Uday Bhan Bhardwaj Anand Subramaniyan Ashish Bhalla Navneet Sharma Surjit Singh 不详

Objective: Gastric lavage is mandatory irrespective of nature in all patients with acute poisoning in India. Present study was undertaken with aim whether lavage done using nasogastric Ryle’s tube and small aliquots of water or normal saline is safe. Patients and Methods: All the patients above 12 years of age admitted consecutively with pesticide ingestion or exposure between July 2004 to June 2005 were studied with respect to complications associated with lavage using Ryle’s tube. Forty five patients were admitted directly to our hospital and lavage was undertaken using Ryle’s tube (16F ) with 100 - 200 mL of aliquots till 1 - 1.5 liters of fluid was lavaged, with prophylactic endotracheal intubation in patients with Glasgow coma scale ( GCS) pesticide poisoning but lavaged outside using nasogastric Ryle’s tube and referred to our institute (group II). Results: The significant complications observed in group I were significant drop in SaO2 (6 patients) laryngospasm, tachycardia, electrolyte imbalance and tube getting struck in throat (one each). In one patient in group I (had no prophylactic intubation though GCS 3) In group II, 7 had aspiration pneumonia (no prophylactic intubation). Other significant complication was drop in SaO2 during lavage. None of them had any serious life threatening complication. Conclusion: Gastric lavage carried out using nasogastric Ryle’s tube and small aliquots of water or normal saline is relatively safe in patients with pesticide poisoning when combined with prophylactic endotracheal intubation in patients with GCS < 10. In absence of prophylactic intubation, risk of aspiration is there. However aspiration pneumonia is generally mild and not life threatening.

关键词： pesticide Poisoning Gastric Lavage Nasogastric Ryle’s Tube Complications

Effects of the pesticide <i>Furadan</i>on Traits Associated with Reproduction in Wild Potato Species

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第11期3卷 1608-1612页

作者： Alfonso del Rio John Bamberg Ruth Centeno-Diaz Alberto Salas William Roca David Tay International Potato Center (CIP) Lima Peru International Potato Center (CIP) Lima Peru. USDA/Agriculture Research Service US Potato Genebank Wisconsin USA

Natural populations of wild potato species are the backups for the diversity held in genebanks for research and breeding. Some potato species are known to grow in close proximity to cultivated fields, thus are potentially impacted by human activity, including exposure to pesticides. The present study tested the effects of a common pesticide on reproductive traits of potatoes known to grow in or near pesticide-treated fields in central Peru. Furadan? 4F, an insecticide— nematicide (common name = carbofuran) was applied at two different rates to populations representing 15 wild potato species in a greenhouse environment in Peru. Flowering duration of these populations was usually significantly reduced in comparison to a water control, and in a few cases, percent viable pollen also was. These findings suggest that agrichemicals may be having unintentional effects on wild potato populations in ways that could compromise their genetic diversity.

关键词： Potato Species pesticide Contamination Genetic Drift Reproductive Capacity

Review of the pesticide Sector in H1 2008

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China Chemical Reporter 2008年第28期19卷 26-28页

作者： Wang Luxian, China Crop Protection Industry Association

Stimulated by policies of the Chinese gov-ernment for accelerating the development of agricultural production and the rural economy,and increasing the income of farmers,the pesticide sector has over comevarious difficulties caused by the snow storm and the violent earthquake and has done a good job in pesticide *** production and sales in the pesticide sector were brisk in the first half of 2008,and a sound development trend was maintained.

关键词： pesticide sector maintained income ingredient viol

A Novel Universal Type of MnO2-Mediated On-Off Switch Sensor for Detection of Alkaline Phosphatase and pesticide

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A Novel Universal Type of MnO2-Mediated On-Off Switch Sensor...

Major Positive Changes Promote Development of pesticide Sector

第十届全国化学生物学学术会议

作者： Xiaofeng Liu Hua Zhang Qing Wang Xiaohai Yang Kemin Wang Wenyan Nie Liyuan Zou Xiuhua Geng Yan Zheng State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringKey Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan ProvinceHunan University

Because of its unique physicochemical properties and excellent biocompatibility, polydopamine(PDA) has been utilized as a novel platform for biosensing and bioimaging. Herein, a novel type of MnO-mediated on-off switch sensor for the detection of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and pesticide was designed by connecting the intrinsic fluorescence of PDA nanoparticles. Dopamine(DA) was quickly oxidized into its quinone derivative by MnO, and polymerized into fluorescent PDA nanoparticles. In the presence of ALP, 2-phospho-L-ascorbic acid tarisodium salt(AAP) was catalytically hydrolyzed into L-ascorbic acid(AA). Then MnO was reduced into Mn2+ by generated AA, and the formation of the fluorescent PDA nanoparticles was inhibited subsequently. As a result, a detection limit of 0.0015 U/mL ALP could be achieved based on the fluorescence change of PDA nanoparticles. The developed method showed many merits including rapidity, simplicity, lost cost and excellent selectivity. Moreover, the sensing method was also applied to investigate ALP inhibitors such as pesticides. Furthermore, it also showed excellent sensing performance for the ALP and pesticide assay in real samples, which displays the potential applications in biological detection, clinical diagnosis and chemistry pesticide residue detection.

关键词： Dopamine Polydopamine Alkaline phosphatase pesticide

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China Chemical Reporter 2008年第14期19卷 23-23页

China is a major pesticide *** out-put of chemical pesticides(counting on 100% active ingredient)reached 1.731 million tons in 2007,an increase of 33.6% over *** environmental protection re-quirements raise the indus... 详细信息

关键词： pesticide Major ingredient producer raise thousand