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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2012年第8期3卷 524-533页

作者： Umesh Kumar Acharya Phul Prasad Subedi Kerry Brian Walsh Central Queensland University Institute for Resource Industries and Sustainability Plant Science Group Rockhampton Australia

The dry-extract system for (near) infrared (DESIR) technique was implemented using reflectance near-infrared spec-troscopy in context of detection of contact pesticide residues on fruit. Based on chemical structure, spectra features and regression statistics for PLSR models, a product containing metiram and pyraclostrobin was chosen from six pesticides for further consideration. Regression models based on spectra of dry extracts of aqueous solutions and either acetone or water washes of contaminated fruit were encouraging (RMSECV of approximately 0.03 - 0.06 mg a.i.). This level of analytical performance would support the use of the technique as a rapid screening tool, with suspect samples then subject to the reference GC-MS analysis method. However, the PLSR model performance was poor across populations of fruit, suggesting that matrix changes in the solvent wash between sets of fruit is problematic. Further work is required to establish whether sufficient variation can be built into a calibration set to overcome this issue, without degrading model performance to the point where it loses practical application.

关键词： Apple Mango Tomato Fungicide Insecticide Aero Metiram Pyraclostrobin Octave Prochloraz Penncozeb Mancozeb Amistar Azoxystrobin Applaud Buprofezin Lorsban Chlorpyrifos Near Infrared pesticide

DEVELOPMENT OF A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR MANAGING pesticide LOSSES IN AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2003年第1期18卷 60-73页

作者： Y.-F.LI,Y.R.LI,G.H.HUANG,J.STRUGER,J.D.FISCHER,B.CHEN,J.B.LI,X.H.NIE Faculty of Engineering Sask S4S 0A2 Canada Faculty of Engineering Sask S4S 0A2 Canada EHD-Environment Canada 867 Lakeshore Road Burlington Ontario L7R 4A6 University of Regina Canada CWS-Environment Canada 867 Lakeshore Road Burlington Ontario L7R 4A6 Canada Faculty of Engineering Sask S4S 0A2 Canada Faculty of Engineering University of Regina Sask S4S 0A2 Canada Faculty of Engineering Sask S4S 0A2 Canada University of Regina University of Regina University of Regina ARQI-Environment Canada 4905 Dufferin Street Downsview Ontario M3H5T4 Canada

In this study, a decision support system for managing pesticides losses in agricultural watersheds, based on a number of simulation, GIS and RS technologies was developed. The system allows acquisition of information through not only on-site survey but also RS technologies. Aerial photographs were used to generate DEM, and a set of terrain analysis methods were employed to calculate hydrological parameters that are needed for the pesticide loss model. The system also facilitates convenient management and presentation of vast amounts of modeling inputs and outputs through user interfaces. A case study in the Kintore Creek Watershed, Ontario, Canada was undertaken to provide bases for environmental management in the watershed and to demonstrate practical applicability of the developed DSS. The modeling outputs were verified through monitoring data, demonstrating reasonable prediction accuracy. The result indicated that the model provides an effective means for forecasting pesticide losses from agriculture lands. Especially, incorporation of GIS and remote sensing with the pesticides losses model provide a powerful tool for system simulation and environmental management. The major contribution of this study is the development of a new integrated modeling system for simulating fate of pesticides in agricultural lands, as well as its application to a real Canadian case study. In detail, a dynamic simulation model was developed, a solution algorithm was implemented, and the modeling results were verified. The developed simulator was also enhanced through incorporation of GIS and RS technologies within its framework to facilitate effective data acquisition and management, as well as input/output presentation. DEVELOPMENT OF A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR MANAGING pesticide LOSSES IN AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS Y.-F. LI1, Y. R. LI2, G. H. HUANG2, J. STRUGER3, J. D. FISCHER4, Xinzhu WANG5, B. CHEN2, J. B. LI2 and X. H. NIE2 ABSTRACT In this study, a decision support system f

关键词： Agriculture Decision GIS Nonpoint source pesticide Rainfall Remote sensing Runoff Simulation Watershed

Quantitation of pesticide Residue in Water and Food in Louisiana, USA

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2016年第12期8卷 1145-1157页

作者： Olubode Adeniyi Amy Hernandez Mark LeBlanc Joan King Marlene Janes School of Nutrition and Food Science AgCenter Louisiana State University Baton Rouge USA Agricultural Chemistry Department AgCenter Louisiana State University Baton Rouge USA Agricultural Chemistry Division Louisiana State Department of Agriculture and Forestry Baton Rouge USA

pesticides can remain in the environment for decades and contaminate surface water that is used for irrigation of produce. This study examined pesticide residues in some surface waters and foods in Louisiana. Samples of 8 foods (tomato, corn, rice, blueberry, cucumber, cabbage, wheat and melon) and 35 surface waters were studied using a QuEChERS extraction method for food samples and liquid-liquid extraction method for the water samples. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze water and food samples. Nine pesticides were detected in the surface water samples and 5 in the food samples. pesticides detected in foods were below FDA tolerance limit but 0.18 ppm cypermethrin found in tomato was within 90% of the FDA limit (0.2 ppm). Four water samples had atrazine levels that were above the FDA limit for potable water. This study suggests the need to intermittently monitor pesticide contamination in our food and water.

关键词： Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry QuEChERS Cypermethrin Atrazine pesticide FDA

Milestones in the Development of China's pesticide Industry

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China Chemical Reporter 2009年第26期20卷 15-16页

作者： Yin Yimin China Petroleum and Chemical Planning Institute China Petroleum and Chemical Planning Institute

China is an agricultural country with a largepopulation. Food and clothing have alwaysbeen the primary issues that need to be re-solved in the development of China’s nationaleconomy. Therefore, the pesticide industryhas always gotten a lot of attentions from theChinese government. Up to now, by relyingon its own efforts, China can produce morethan 300 varieties of pesticide (technical) prod-ucts and has invented more than 30 varietiesof new pesticides that have gotten registra-tion certificates or temporary

关键词： pesticide gotten morethan clothing Tianjin registr

Characterization of Health and Environmental Risks of pesticide Use in Market-Gardening in the Rural City of Tori-Bossito in Benin, West Africa

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2012年第3期3卷 241-248页

作者： Claude Ahouangninou Thibaud Martin Patrick Edorh Sahabi Bio-Bangana Onil Samuel Louis St-Laurent Sylvain Dion Benjamin Fayomi Centre Interfacultaire de Formation et de Recherche en Environnement pour le Développement Durable Université d’Abomey Calavi Cotonou Bénin Cirad UPR Hortsys Montpellier France Direction de la Santé Environnementale et de la Toxicologie Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec Québec Canada Direction du Secteur Agricole et des pesticides Ministère du Développement Durable de l’Environnement et des Parcs Québec Canada Institut des Sciences Biomédicales Appliquées Université d’Abomey Calavi Cotonou Bénin

A study on the use of pesticides in market-gardening production was carried out on 108 market-gardeners in the rural city of Tori-Bossito in Southern Benin. The objective of the study was to characterize the potential risks of pesticides usage by farmers and the impacts on their health and on the environment. Two risk indexes were calculated for each pesticide: an environmental risk index (ERI) and a health risk index (HRI). First stage larva of the mosquito Aedes aegypti were used as bio-indicator for detecting insecticide residue in vegetable before their harvesting on the farms. The highest ERI were obtained for carbofuran, chlorpyriphos ethyl and endosulfan. pesticide residues were found in 42% of the samples of leaves of eggplant, cucumber, amaranth and solanum. Vegetables growers used pesticides that may be highly hazardous and which were not registered in most cases. These situations could have unexpected consequences including the exposure of consumers to health hazards.

关键词： Vegetable pesticide Residues Bio-Indicator Risk Index Environment Health

Domestic pesticide Firms Strive to Deliver in Challenging Global pesticide Market

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China Chemical Reporter 2009年第26期20卷 18-20页

作者： Lily Wang

By tracking Chinese listed pesticide firms’results for the first half of 2009, CCR foundthat the Chinese pesticide makers reported areversed result compared with the stronggrowth in H1 of 2008 or the whole year of2008 as they were influenced by the globaleconomic turmoil and sluggish pesticide mar-ket as well as moderately-happened insectpest this year in China. Only four of thesixteen involved firms saw an annual profitgrowth (excluding subsidies), while the 11firms posted a double-digits sales decreasefrom a year *** business had ever brought

关键词： pesticide turmoil earlier excluding listed revenue

Photocatalytic Degradation of Isoproturon pesticide on C, N and S Doped TiO2

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2010年第3期2卷 235-244页

作者： Police Anil Kumar Reddy Pulagurla Venkata Laxma Reddy Vutukuri Maitrey Sharma Basavaraju Srinivas Valluri Durga Kumari Machiraju Subrahmanyam 不详

TiO2 doped with C, N and S (TCNS photocatalyst) was prepared by hydrolysis process using titanium iso-propoxide and thiourea. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS), BET surface area, FTIR and diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS). The results showed that the prepared catalysts are anatase type and nanosized par-ticles. The catalysts exhibited stronger absorption in the visible light region with a red shift in the adsorption edge. The photocatalytic activity of TCNS photocatalysts was evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of isoproturon pesticide in aqueous solution. In the present study the maximum activity was achieved for TCNS5 catalyst at neutral pH with 1 g L-1 catalyst amount and at 1.14 x 10-4 M concentration of the pesticide solution. The TCNS photocatalysts showed higher phtocatalytic activity under solar light irradiation. This is attributed to the synergetic effects of red shift in the absorption edge, higher surface area and the inhibition of charge carrier recombination process.

关键词： Isoproturon pesticide Degradation C N and S Doped TiO2 Visible Light Active Catalysts

Hubei Shenyun Kicks off Biological pesticide Project

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China Chemical Reporter 2009年第26期20卷 30-30页

On August 11th,2009 Hubei Shenyun Biotechnology Development Co.,Ltd.(HubeiShenyun) began the construction of 15 000 t/a 1.5% pyrethrum aqueous emulsion biologi-cal pesticide project in Xishui Hongshan Industrial Park,Hubei *** a total investment of RMB520 million,the project occupies an area of 10 hectares,and has ten production *** completion of the project,the annual sales revenue will be added by RMB4.0billion for the company.

关键词： Hubei completion pesticide revenue emulsion Biotec

How Chinese pesticide Makers Enter the International Market?

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China Chemical Reporter 2010年第9期21卷 28-28页

作者： Zhang Weinong

China had more than 2 600 pesticidemanufacturers in 2009, which togetherproduced 2.26 million tons of active pesticideingredients (source from China’sNational Bureau of Statistics, which possiblycontains pesticide formulations).But China’s domestic annual consumptionhas remained about 300 000 tons(pesticide active ingredients) in recentyears. Such a great output/consumptionratio forces Chinese pesticide producersto export their products to

关键词： pesticide Bureau thousand overseas ingredient addi

Salting-Out Assisted Liquid-Liquid Extraction Combined with HPLC for Quantitative Extraction of Trace Multiclass pesticide Residues from Environmental Waters

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2017年第7期8卷 433-448页

作者： Yosef Alemayehu Teshome Tolcha Negussie Megersa Department of Environmental Science College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences University of South Africa Pretoria South Africa Department of Chemistry College of Natural and Computational Sciences Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia

In this study, salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography diode array detector (SALLE-HPLC-DAD) method was developed and validated for simultaneous analysis of carbaryl, atrazine, propazine, chlorothalonil, dimethametryn and terbutryn in environmental water samples. Parameters affecting the extraction efficiency such as type and volume of extraction solvent, sample volume, salt type and amount, centrifugation speed and time, and sample pH were optimized. Under the optimum extraction conditions the method was linear over the range of 10 - 100 μg/L (carbaryl), 8 - 100 μg/L (atarzine), 7 - 100 μg/L (propazine) and 9 - 100 μg/L (chlorothalonil, terbutryn and dimethametryn) with correlation coefficients (R2) between 0.99 and 0.999. Limits of detection and quantification ranged from 2.0 to 2.8 μg/L and 6.7 to 9.5 μg/L, respectively. The extraction recoveries obtained for ground, lake and river waters were in a range of 75.5% to 106.6%, with the intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviation lower than 3.4% for all the target analytes. All of the target analytes were not detected in these samples. Therefore, the proposed SALLE-HPLC-DAD method is simple, rapid, cheap and environmentally friendly for the determination of the aforementioned herbicides, insecticide and fungicide residues in environmental water samples.

关键词： Environmental Waters High Performance Liquid Chromatography Salting-Out Assisted Liquid-Liquid Extraction Southern Ethiopia Trace Multiclass pesticide Residues