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中国食品科学技术学会第五届年会暨第四届东西方食品业高层...

作者： Diane M．Barrett Department of Food Science and Technology University of California-Davis

＜正＞The effect of low temperature blanching on firmness of eight vegetables was studied. Preheating vegetables at low temperatures prior to a conventional blanch resulted in firmer *** and time had significant effects on texture,with temperature the most *** optimal conditions,firmness improvements in preheated vegetables as compared to blanched controls were:Bok choy—3.0x（65℃,45 min）;Chinese cabbage —1.8x （55℃,45 min）;cabbage —1.6x（65oC,15min）;green bell peppers—1.36x（70℃,15 min）;sugar snap peas—1.7x（65℃,30 min）;carrots—2.1x（60℃,15 min）and broccoli—2.9x（60℃,15 min）.Thermal stability and optimal temperature for pectin methylesterase in homogenates from these vegetables were also *** relationship between optimum preheating,conditions for textural integrity and pectin methylesterase activity is discussed.

关键词： blanching texture pectin methylesterase Bok choy cabbage bell peppers sugar snap peas broccoli carrot

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Graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets mitigate cadmium toxicity in Glycine max *** promoting cadmium retention in root and improving photosynthetic performance

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 543-555页

作者： Kai Xu Yunyu Guo Chenghua Xing Ronglong Fu Bin Zou Rongchuan Liu Luyi Cai Jianfang Yan Xi-Lin Wu Miaozhen Cai College of Geography and Environmental Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China College of Agriculture Jinhua PolytechnicJinhua 321007China

Cadmium(Cd)pollution poses a serious threat to plant growth and *** have shown great application potential for alleviation of Cd toxicity to *** this study,we applied graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets(g-C_(3)N_(4)NSs)for alleviation of Cd-toxicity to soybean(Glycine max L.).The g-C_(3)N_(4)NSs supplementation significantly improved plant growth and reduced oxidative damage in the Cd-toxicated soybean seedlings through hydroponic ***,the g-C_(3)N_(4)NSs dynamically regulated the root cell wall(RCW)components by increasing pectin content and modifying its demethylation via enhancing pectin methylesterase(PME)activity,therefore greatly enhanced stronger RCW-Cd retention(up to 82.8%)and reduced Cd migration to the ***,the g-C_(3)N_(4)NSs reversed the Cd-induced chlorosis,increased photosynthetic efficiency because of enhancement in F_v/F_mration,Y(Ⅱ)and sugars *** results provide new insights into the alleviation of Cd toxicity to plants by g-C_(3)N_(4)NSs,and shed light on the application of low-cost and environmental-friendly carbon-based NMs for alleviating heavy metal toxicity to plants.

关键词： Cadmium Carbon nitride nanosheets Cell wall pectin pectin methylesterase Soybean

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pectin methylesterases Enhance Root Cell Wall Phosphorus Remobilization in Rice

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Rice science 2022年第2期29卷 179-188页

作者： WU Qi TAO Ye ZHANG Xiaolong DONG Xiaoying XIA Jixing SHEN Renfang ZHU Xiaofang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources College of Life Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

pectin contributes greatly to cell wall phosphorus(P)***,it is currently unclear whether the methylesterification degree of the pectin,which is related to the activity of pectin methylesterases(PMEs),is also involved in this ***,we demonstrated that elevated PME activity can facilitate the remobilization of P deposited in the cell wall.P-deficient conditions resulted in the reduction of root cell wall P *** reduction was more pronounced in Nipponbare than in Kasalath,in company with a significant increment of the PME activity,indicating a possible relationship between elevated PME activity and cell wall P *** hypothesis was supported by in vitro experiments,as pectin with lower methylesterification degree had higher ability to release inorganic P(Pi)from insoluble FePO_(4).Furthermore,among the 35 OsPME members in rice,only the expression of OsPME14 showed a relationship with PME *** addition,transgenic rice lines overexpressing OsPME14 had increased PME activity,released more P from the root cell wall,and more resistant to P *** conclusion,PMEs enhance P remobilization in P-starved rice by increasing PME activity in Nipponbare,which in turn helps to remobilize P from the cell wall,and thus makes more available P.

关键词： cell wall phosphorus pectin methylesterase remobilization rice

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Alteration of pectin metabolism in blood orange fruit(Citrus sinensis ***)in response to vesicle collapse

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Food Quality and Safety 2022年第4期6卷 629-637页

作者：侯娇严丹丹黄美珠曾凯芳姚世响 College of Food Science Southwest UniversityChongqingChina Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing ChongqingChina Food Storage and Logistics Research Center Southwest UniversityChongqingChina

Segment drying is a severe physiological disorder of citrus fruit,and vesicles become granulated or *** from the hypothesis that alteration of cell wall metabolism is the main factor of citrus granulation,little is known about vesicle *** study aimed to elucidate the changes in pectin metabolism during vesicle collapse in blood *** collapse was characterized by decreased nutrients and increased chelate-and sodium carbonate-soluble pectin and calcium *** nanostructure of chelate-soluble pectin became complex and developed multi-branching upon *** activity of pectin methylesterase increased,while that of polygalacturonase and pectate lyase decreased upon ***-wide transcriptional analysis revealed an increasing pattern of genes encoding pectin methylesterase and other enzymes involved in pectin synthesis and demethylesterification upon *** vesicles were characterized by increased abscisic acid content and relevant gene *** conclusion,we discovered alteration in pectin metabolism underlying citrus vesicle collapse,mainly promoting pectin demethylesterification,remodeling pectin structures,and further inhibiting pectin degradation,which was hypothesized to be a main factor for citrus *** is the first study to disclose the potential intrinsic mechanism underlying vesicle collapse in orange fruit.

关键词： Citrus sinensis cv.Tarocco vesicle collapse pectin metabolism pectin methylesterase gene expression

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Methylesterification of cell-wall pectin controls the diurnal flower-opening times in rice

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Molecular Plant 2022年第6期15卷 956-972页

作者： Mumei Wang Xiaopei Zhu Guoqing Peng Minglong Liu Shuqing Zhang Minghao Chen Shitang Liao Xiaoying Wei Peng Xu Xiyu Tan Fangping Li Zhichuan Li Li Deng Ziliang Luo Liya Zhu Shuai Zhao Dagang Jiang Jing Li Zhenlan Liu Xianrong Xie Shaokui Wang Aimin Wu Chuxiong Zhuang Hai Zhou Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresourcesCollege of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresourcesCollege of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Agronomy Department University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32610USA State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources College of Life Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources College of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Flowers are the core reproductive organ of plants, and flowering is essential for cross-pollination. Diurnal flower-opening time is thus a key trait influencing reproductive isolation, hybrid breeding, and thermostability in plants. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling this trait remain unknown. Here, we report that rice Diurnal Flower Opening Time 1 (DFOT1) modulates pectin methylesterase (PME) activity to regulate pectin methylesterification levels of the lodicule cell walls, which affect lodicule swelling to control diurnal flower-opening time. DFOT1 is specifically expressed in the lodicules, and its expression gradually increases with the approach to flowering but decreases with flowering. Importantly, a knockout of DFOT1 showed earlier diurnal flower opening. We demonstrate that DFOT1 interacts directly with multiple PMEs to promote their activity. Knockout of PME40 also resulted in early diurnal flower opening, whereas overexpression of PME42 delayed diurnal flower opening. Lower PME activity was observed to be associated with higher levels of pectin methylesterification and the softening of cell walls in lodicules, which contribute to the absorption of water by lodicules and cause them to swell, thus promoting early diurnal flower opening. Higher PME activity had the opposite effect. Collectively, our work uncovers a molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of diurnal flower-opening time in rice, which would help reduce the costs of hybrid breeding and improve the heat tolerance of flowering plants by avoiding higher temperatures at anthesis.

关键词： rice hybrid breeding flowering diurnal flower-opening times cell wall pectin methylesterase

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Quality of Melon 'UFERSA-05 *** and Pele de Sapo“Mabel”Minimally Processed,Kept in Different Packages

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第8期5卷 683-691页

作者： Maria Luiza Pereira de Araújo Fanquiele Ribeiro de Oliveira Marianne Lima Barboza Glauber Enrique Souza Nunes Pahlevi Augusto de Souza Adriano do Nascimento Simoes Unidade Academica de Serra Talhada Universidade Federal Rural de PernambucoSerra TalhadaBrazil Departamento de Ciencias Vegetais UFERSAMossoróBrazil Instituto Federal de Educacao Ciencia e Tecnologia do CearáLimoeiro do NorteBrazil

This study aimed at evaluating the quality of melon Pele de Sapo “Mabel” and Yellow melon “UFERSA-05” minimally processed preserved in different packages. The fruits were harvested at Mossoró-RN and transported to Serra Talhada-PE. In the first study, melon fruit Piel de Sapo “Mabel” was selected, washed, weighed, cooled, peeled, cut into cube shape, sanitized in chlorine solution, drained, packaged in rigid polypropylene tray, sealed with polypropylene film or polypropylene rigid cap and kept for 8 days at 8℃. In the second study, fruits of yellow melon “UFERSA-05” and Pele de Sapo “Mabel” were minimally processed and kept in rigid polypropylene tray, sealed with polypropylene film and stored for 8 days at 8℃. There was no significant interaction between packaging (sealed with film and polypropylene cover) and period of conservation, for pH, total titratable acidity (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS) and Loss of fresh mass (LFM) for Melon “Mabel”. While there was significant interaction between types of melon (“UFERSA-05” and “Mabel”) and storage period (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days) for pH, TTA and TSS. In sensory evaluation were noticeable changes in appearance, flavor, aroma and flesh firmness, characterized by translucency, alcoholic aroma and softening in “Mabel” melon kept in tray with lid. Melon “UFERSA-05” showed lower pH, total soluble solids, total soluble sugars, PME activity, lack of translucency high flesh firmness compared to “Mabel” melon during storage. The high levels of sugars in melon “Mabel” may be related to the incidence of translucency, which was not observed in “UFERSA-05” melon, with a strong potential to minimal processing.

关键词： Cucumis melo Translucency pectin methylesterase Total Soluble Sugars

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