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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第4期3卷 471-476页

作者： Deep Narayan Yadav Neharika Thakur Kappat Valiyapeediyekkal Sunooj Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology Ludhiana India Department of Food Science & Technology Pondicherry University Puducherry India.

Partially de-oiled peanut meal flour (DPMF) was blended with wheat flour for making biscuits. DPMF at 5, 10, 15 and 20% was used to partially replace wheat flour in biscuits formulation and biscuits thus made were evaluated for nutri- tional composition, physical characteristics and sensory quality. Chemical analysis of DPMF showed 30.26% crude protein, 10.1% crude fat and 43.65% carbohydrates. The protein content increased nearly 1.5 times in biscuits as a result of incorporated DPMF, coupled with increase in ash content. The force required for breaking biscuits decreased with DPMF addition. On a 9-point hedonic scale, the highest overall acceptability score of 8.6 was obtained with 5% fortifi- cation, which was similar to control (8.8). Results demonstrated that biscuits made up of 15% DPMF exhibited all the values within an acceptable range.

关键词： De-Oiled peanut Meal Flour DPMF Fortified Biscuits Texture Analysis Sensory Evaluation

Integrated eQTL and pQTL analysis identified candidate genes controlling deep purple testa color in peanut(Arachis hypogaea)

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Integrated eQTL and pQTL analysis identified candidate genes...

中国作物学会油料作物专业委员会第八次会员代表大会暨学术...

作者： HUANG Li REN Xiao-ping Manish K PANDey LIU Xia CHEN Hai-wen XUE Xiao-meng HUAI Dong-xin LIU Nian CHEN Yu-ning ZHOU Xiao-jing CHEN Wei-gang LUO Huai-yong LIU Ke-de LEI Yong XIAO Ying-jie Rajeev K Varshney LIAO Bo-shou JIANG Hui-fang Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops Ministry of AgricultureOil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics(ICRISAT)

peanuts with dark testa color are preferred in domestic and international markets leading to higher acceptance of such varieties among farmers for *** good understanding of anthocyanin biosynthesis in model plants,regulatory network of anthocyanin biosynthesis remains plausible in *** this context,we performed RNA-based sequencing(RNA-seq) of unmatured seed in a recombinant inbred line(RIL) population of peanut and analyzed transcript abundance for 49 691 genes.A small percentage of genes(0.4%)had non-Mendelian inheritance and 92 of these expressed genes across RILs followed Paramutation-like pattern.A global expression quantitative trait loci(eQTL) mapping identified 17 044 eQTLs including 1 207 local eQTLs and 15 837 distant *** addition,135 eQTL hot spots were identified possessing genes related to cellular process,metabolic process,and bindingand catalytic *** eQTL and phenotypic quantitative trait loci(pQTL) analyses identified 3 potential candidate genes,Aradu.10006110,Araip.10005867 and Araip.10013322 encoding flavonoid 3 ’-hydroxylase(F3 ’ H),transparent testa 8(TT8) transcription factor and anthocyanidin 3-0-glucosyltransferase(3-GT),*** andidate genes identified for controlling purple testa play key role in regulating anthocyanidin *** gene Araip.10013322 was specifically high expressed in early seed development stage in peanut lines with purple *** is the first eQTL mapping study in peanut and results showed that this approach can be successfully used for candidate gene discovery in non-model plants,such as peanut.

关键词： expression quantitative trait locus(eQTL) peanut RNA-based sequencing(RNA-seq) candidate gene anthocyanidin biosynthesis purple testa

Effect of Gibberellin,Light and Genotype on Somatic Embryogenesis and Plantlet Regeneration of peanut

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2013年第6期2卷 12-16页

作者： Jing JIANG Faqian XIONG Xiumei TANG Ruichun ZHONG Liangqiong HE Zhong LI Zhuqiang HAN Ronghua TANG Cash Crops Research Institute Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Laboratory

[ Objective] peanut in vitro regeneration system was optimized to provide technical support for its genetic transformation and mutagenesis. [ Method ] The effect of gibberellin, light and genotype on somatic embryogenesis and plantiet regeneration of peanut was studied using Guihua peanut cuhivar as materials, leallets as explants, MS ＋ 10 mg/L 2, 4-D as somatic embryo induction medium, and MS ＋3 mg/L 6-BA ＋0. 8 mg/L NAA ＋（0 - 15 mg/L） GA3 as plantlet induction me- dium. [Result]The somatic embryo induction rate of five peanut varieties under light condition of light： dark = 14 h： 10 h was significantly higher compared with that under dark condition by 7, 5 - 37.5 percent points. Among different peanut varieties, Guihua 26 represented the highest somatic embryo induction rate of 62. 8%, while Guihua 833 represented the lowest somatic embryo induction rate of 21.7%. Adding 5 - 15 mg/LGA3 in plantlet induction medium was conducive to improving the induction rate of plandets derived from somatic embryos. With addition of 5 mg/L GA3, Guihua 26 and Guihna 771 represented the highest plantlet induction rate of 42.8% and 35.3%, respectively; with addition of 15 mg/L GA3, Guihua 836, Guihua 1026 and Guihna 833 represented the highest plantlet in- duction rate of 38.7%, 33.3% and 26.4L%, respectively. Among different combinations of peanut variety and GA3 concentration, plantlet induction rate reached the highest in the combination Guihua 26 ＋ 5 mg/L CA.3 arid reached the lowest in the combination Guihua 836 ＋ 15 mg/L GA3. [ Conclusion] Appropriate light conditions are conducive to peanut somatic embryogenesis in vitro. Adding GA3 in plantlet induction medium is conducive to promoting plantlet regeneration. Guihua 26 and Guihua 836 are the best peanut varieties among the experimental genotypes for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration.

关键词： peanut Somatic embryogenesis induction Plantlet regeneration Gibberellin Light Genotype

Studies on Drought Resistance Difference and Its Response to Drought Stress of Main peanut Varieties in Liaoning

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Studies on Drought Resistance Difference and Its Response to...

2019年中国作物学会学术年会

作者：赵跃 Xiaoshu Chen Xiaoguang Wang Hailong Liu Xinhua Zhao 于海秋 Huayuan Gao Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenyang Agricultural University

peanut is one of the three major crops in Liaoning, and there are about 3.5 billion square meter of peanut planting field annually. The main location is west and northwest of Liaoning. The peanut’s production is interfered by drought, especially in the stage of seeding and flowering, has been the major factor to make peanut’s production level lower or unstable. Our research by testing the main peanut planting species in Liaoning, and using the method of PEG6000 drought simulation test, to analysis the rought resistance of peanuts in germination stage. Basic on the results, select 6 of them, which have different drought resistant ability, by pot culture experiment, in the flowering stage of moderate drought stress, in order to analyze the changes of peanut index including root and aboveground morphologica1,physiological characteristics, yield, kernel *** to discuss the resistance level under drought condition. Based on our research, we can give direction and reference to improve the yield of peanut while in drought *** major research is under following: 1. seed germination rate(r=0.7 l**) and gernination potential(r=0.54*) shows a positive correlation with GDRI. By testing the drought resistant ability, we find out that the luhua11, huayu22, jinhua14, tieyinhua1, nonghua5, have positive drought resistance, and fuhul0, baisha1016, yuanza9102 cannot stand drought environment. 2. Drought stress can affect peanut’s root growth, the species with different drought resistant ability can express different characteristic. We compared fuhual0 and baishal0 l6: By extending the drought time in flowering stage, with drought resistant ability, increased root length and volume per plant of luhua11 and nonghua5, increased root surface area per plant of huayu22 and nonghua5, is the ultimate embodiment of insisted roots dry weight accumulation. Drought makes the water content decrease in root, and species with drought resistant ability decrease much less than the sp

关键词： peanut drought Stress drought resistance plant growth and development

Potassium application improves salt tolerance of peanut by regulating Na+/K+ homeostasis under salt stress

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Potassium application improves salt tolerance of peanut by r...

第十九届中国作物学会学术年会

作者：史晓龙 Dongying Zhou Pei Guo He Zhang Jiale Dong Jinyao Ren 赵新华于海秋 College of Agronomy Shenyang Agricultural University

【Background】Soil salinization has become an important global ecological and environmental problem,and causes considerable yield and economic losses to agricultural production every ***(Arachis hypogaea L.) is a globally important oilseed crops and considered a moderately salt-sensitive species,therefore,it is of agricultural importance to improve the salt tolerance of *** (K) is an essential macronutrient that plays an important role in abiotic stress tolerance,and external potassium is responsible for the maintenance of K-homeostasis and improves crop growth under salt ***,increasing potassium content of growth medium is a potential approach for improving plant salt tolerance;【Materials and methods】Two representative peanut varieties,HY25 (tolerance to salt stress) and HY33(sensitive to salt stress),were used in the present study.A pot experiment,included four treatments:a control (CK)(0.00%NaCl+0 kg ha KO) and three potassium treatments,namely,T1 (0.25%NaCl+0kg ha KO),T2 (0.25%NaCl+85 kg ha KO) and T3 (0.25%NaCl+170 kg ha KO),was carried out to identify the potential role of potassium fertilizer in alleviating salt stress in peanut;【Results and Discussion】The results showed that salt stress severely reduces plant growth and limits the photosynthetic rate,the decrease in photosynthesis in HY25 was mainly driven by stomatal closure,whereas that in HY33was due to salt-induced damage to the photosynthetic ***,salt stress increases the Nacontent and decreased the uptake of K,thus increasing the Na/Kin ***,the reduction of Na,Kselective absorption (SA) in HY25 was more than twice that in HY33,and the Na,Kselective transport (ST) of HY25 was higher under salt stress than in CK,indicating that the salt-tolerant variety HY25 could not only control Naabsorption but also reduce Natransport to the shoots through self-regulation,which reduced excessive *** potassium application improves soil potassium availa

关键词： peanut potassium salt tolerance Na/K ratio selective absorption and transport

Study on Physiological Characteristics and Supporting Techniques of Huayu 22 peanut

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Asian Agricultural Research 2015年第10期7卷 74-76 82,82页

作者： Yaping ZHENG Yongmei ZHENG Zhengfeng WU Xuewu SUN Caibin WANG Shandong peanut Research Institute

Huayu 22 peanut( Arachis hypogaea L.) belongs to ordinary large variety of peanut with high quality,high yield potential and high stress resistance. Study on nutrition characteristics,stress physiology and supporting techniques of Huayu 22 peanut is conducive to further developing its application value in breeding and exploiting its high yield potential. Compared with Baisha 1016 peanut,Huayu 22 peanut has greater shade tolerance. In weak light,both the leaf area and rate of photosynthesis of Huayu 22 peanut decline slightly,and damage of chloroplast ultramicrostructure is less,light compensation point and chloroplast a / b are lower,and capturing and utilization efficiency of weak light are higher; after removal of shade,Huayu 22 peanut plant gets recovered quickly with higher growth compensation effect but slight dropping of yield. Characteristics of N supply for Huayu 22 peanut at different growth stages are as follows: N supply intensity of root nodule takes on unimodal curve with peak at pod bearing stage. The N supply intensity of soil takes on N shape with higher value at pegging stage and pod filling stage; N supply intensity takes on unimodal curve with peak at pegging stage. At seedling stage and pod filling stage,N is mainly supplied by soil; at pegging stage and pod bearing stage,N is supplied by root nodule. At whole growth stage,root nodule has the largest contribution to N supply,accounting for 50. 0%,followed by soil and fertilizer,and the proportion is about 5: 3: 2. The study established standardized supporting technique for simple cultivation of Huayu 22 peanut with " single-seed planting,high effective fertilizer application,and three sprays and multi-prevention".

关键词： peanut Huayu 22 Shade tolerance physiology Nutriti

Aflatoxin Carryover during Large Scale peanut Butter Production

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2011年第2期2卷 105-108页

作者： Andrew H. Siwela Kudzayishe J. Mukaroa Nozipo Nziramasanga Department of Applied Biology and Biochemistry National University of Science and Technology Special Analysis Laboratory Chemistry and Soils Research Institute Agricultural Research and Extension

peanut butter was monitored for aflatoxin contamination at different stages during its large-scale production starting from raw shelled peanuts up to the final product. Twenty five samples, weighing 2 kg each, were taken from each of the following stages: roasting at 160?C, blanching/de-skinning and grinding. The sub-samples were ground, thoroughly mixed and further reduced by the quartering technique until a 1 kg sub-sample was obtained. This was then analyzed for aflatoxins using reverse phase HPLC incorporating pre-column trifluoroacetic acid derivatization. The results showed a total aflatoxin percentage reduction of 51% after roasting, 27% after blanching/de-skinning followed by a further 11% after grinding to make peanut butter. This meant that there was a cumulative total reduction of 89% of aflatoxin concentration during the production process of peanut butter. These results show that there is a significant reduction of aflatoxin levels at the roasting and blanching stages in the process of producing peanut butter.

关键词： Aflatoxin Roasting Blanching peanut Butter

Research Hot Spots of Black peanut

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Asian Agricultural Research 2012年第7期4卷 89-92页

作者： YE Chong 1 ,ZHANG Yong-hong1,HUANG Ying-guo1,REN Yong-kuan1,CAI Shi-zhen2 1.Library of Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China 2.College of Landscape Architecture,Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130,China

Taking the research papers on black peanut in National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)as data sources,we determine the research hot spots on black peanut using word frequency analysis,and analyze the main research directions that change over the *** results show that the relevant researches on black peanut are mainly concentrated in six themes(study of varieties,physiological property,cultivation management,development prospects,relationship with agriculture,and molecular level);varieties,physiology,cultivation and other aspects are the focus of current research hot spots;the researches on selection and breeding of variety and various physiological and ecological mechanisms,still need a breakthrough.

关键词： Black peanut Word frequency analysis Research hot

Cloning and functional analysis of 4 MYB transcription factors in peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

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Cloning and functional analysis of 4 MYB transcription facto...

第十四届全国植物基因组学大会

作者： Yonghui Liu Yi Shen Zhide Chen Institute of Food Crops Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences

As one important economic and oilseed crop in China,the yield and quality of peanut were directly affected by abiotic stress such as drought and *** this study,using known MYB sequence in Arabidopsis thaliana as probe... 详细信息

关键词： peanut abiotic stress MYB transcription factor

Photoperiod Affects <i>in Vitro</i>Flowering in Wild peanut <i>Arachis paraguariensis</i>

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第5期3卷 567-571页

作者： Olubunmi Aina Kenneth Quesenberry Maria Gallo Department of Agronomy University of Florida Gainesville USA.

Arachis paraguariensis, a wild peanut species, is a potential experimental system for studying the molecular mechanisms of flowering in the genus Arachis. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of photoperiod on in vitro reproductive behavior of five genotypes of A. paraguariensis. Day-lengths of 12, 16 and 24 h were tested to monitor in vitro flowering using growth chambers kept at 26?C ± 1?C and 60% ± 5% relative humidity under an illumination of 40 μmol?m–2?s–1. Flowering percentage of plantlets ranged from 35% to 93%, 20% to 75%, and 5% to 53% for 12, 16 and 24 h day-lengths, respectively. Genotype PI 262842 displayed the highest frequency of flowering under all the day-length treatments but in vitro flower bud initiation was delayed. The highest mean flowering percentage of 65% across all the genotypes for plantlets exposed to 12 h photoperiod is indicative that flowering induction actually occurred. The results presented in this paper provide evidence for photoperiodic flowering response as well as the occurrence of short day-length-enhanced flowering in A. paraguariensis.

关键词： Flower Tissue Culture Day-Length Photoperiod peanut Arachis In Vitro