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Geographical distribution of Aspergillus flavus in peanut harvest period in China

Oil Crop Science 2023年第2期8卷 127-132页

作者： Xiaohan Liu Jiayun Fu Mingbo Wen Haohua Gu Pingping Ji Xiaofeng Yue Xiaoqian Tang Meijuan Liang Yang Zhou Qi Zhang Peiwu Li Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science WuhanChina Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseeds Products(Wuhan) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseeds Products Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina

In order to grasp the distribution of Aspergillus flavus in the soil of peanut production areas in China,*** biomarkers were tested on 555 soil samples from 37 sampling points in 17 provinces,peanut fields in four agroecological zones(Southern area,Yangtze River Basin,Northern area,Northeast area).The results showed that(1)the cultivation amount of *** per gram of soil in the Yangtze River Basin is 1.30 times that of the southern area,1.56 times that of the northern area,and 6.20 times that of the northeast area,with obvious regional characteristics.(2)In the Yangtze River basin,the change of longitude in the east-west direction has no direct impact on the cultivation amount of *** per gram of soil.(3)In the east coast,the *** cultivated per gram of soil increased first and then decreased with the increase of latitude from south to north.(4)*** can be isolated in the soil samples above 1000 *** pollution is an important source of aflatoxin contamination in *** study on the distribution of *** in soil in China could provide theoretical support for the early warning and prevention and control measures of aflatoxin contamination in peanut.

关键词： Agroecological zones peanut Aspergillus flavus Distribution Aflatoxin contamination

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Evaluation of SRAP markers efficiency in genetic diversity of Aspergillus flavus from peanut-cropped soils in China

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Oil Crop Science 2022年第3期7卷 135-141页

作者： Chushu Zhang Lifei Zhu Mian Wang Yueyi Tang Haixiang Zhou Qi Sun Qiang Yu Jiancheng Zhang Shandong peanut Research Institute Key Laboratory of Peanut Biology and BreedingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsQingdao266100PR China Chongqing Normal University Chongqing400700PR China Qingdao Tianxiang Food Group Co. LtdQingdao266737PR China

In order to evaluation the efficiency of SRAP markers on genetic diversity of Aspergillus flavus,we screened out 17sets of primer pairs which could produce clear and reproducible SRAP bands from 150 SRAP primer *** size of SRAP fragments ranged from 120 to 2100 *** pair Me10/Em9 produced the maximum number of polymorphic bands(12 bands),while Me8/Em13 produced the fewest number of polymorphic bands(only 1).Through analysis genetic diversity ability of different sets of primer pairs,the set of 12 primer pairs was selected for SRAP genetic marker of *** analysis was performed based on the genetic similarity coefficients,which ranged from 0.53 to 0.89.A dendrogram assembled using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages grouped *** samples into 5 main *** results suggested that SRAP marker is a useful molecular technology for the diversity of *** from peanut soils in China.

关键词： Sequence-related amplified polymorphism Genetic diversity Aspergillus flavus peanut Primer screening

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Genomic analysis of sugar transporter genes in peanut (Arachis hypogaea):Characteristic,evolution and expression profiles during development and stress

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Oil Crop Science 2022年第4期7卷 189-199页

作者： Zhijun Xu Lei Xu Xiaowen Hu Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Dryland Water-saving Agriculture Zhanjiang Experiment StationChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesZhanjiangGuangdongChina Zhanjiang Experimental and Observation Station for National Long-term Agricultural Green Development ZhanjiangGuangdongChina

peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) is an economically significant crop with aerial cleistogamous flowers and subterranean geocarpic fruit(pods).The formation of peanut pod requires movement of the embryo from air to ground and then development in the soil,which is a complex biological process involving transport and accumulation of *** transport proteins(STP) mediate the transport of monosaccharides in various physiological processes,including fertilization,ovary formation,and seed *** this study,a total of 36 AhSTP genes(AhSTP1–36) containing the conserved sugar_tr motif were identified in the *** *** analysis revealed that AhSTP genes were classified into four clades,and the arrangement of motifs in AhSTP proteins was similar within *** analysis revealed that segmental duplication events have played an important role in the expansion of STP genes in peanut,and chromosome rearrangements might have facilitated the exchange of STP genes between the A and B *** analyses revealed that the expression patterns of AhSTP genes varied among *** and abiotic stress treatments could upregulate or down-regulate the expression of AhSTP genes,and low temperature had a major effect on the expression of most AhSTP *** AhSTP genes(AhSTP3,AhSTP9,AhSTP19,and AhSTP28) were specifically expressed in the pod,indicating that these genes might be involved in pod formation and development in *** unique expression of these four genes during pod construction and development was confirmed in two different type cultivars using quantitative real-time PCR *** findings provide new insights into the STP gene family in peanut and will aid future functional studies of AhSTP genes.

关键词： peanut STP gene Family Evolution Expression patterns Pod development

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A systematic identification of cold tolerance genes in peanut using yeast functional screening system

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Oil Crop Science 2023年第3期8卷 184-190页

作者： Xin Wang Yue Liu Ruonan Yao Lei Ouyang Tingting Yu Liying Yan Yuning Chen Dongxin Huai Zhihui Wang Yanping Kang Qianqian Wang Huifang Jiang Yong Lei Boshou Liao Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan430062PR China State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering School of Life SciencesHubei UniversityWuhan430062PR China

peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)is a thermophilic crop,and low temperature leads to a significant reduction in annual *** a few cold tolerant germplasms or cultivars have been discovered and developed,molecular mechanisms governing peanut cold tolerance is poorly *** of keys genes involved in cold tolerance is the first step to address the underlying *** this study,we isolated and characterized 157 genes with potentials to confer cold tolerance in peanut by using a yeast functional screening ***(Gene ontology)and KEGG(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)enrichment analysis of these genes revealed that ribosome and photosynthesis proteins might play essential roles in peanut cold *** results indicated that 60 cold tolerance candidate genes were significantly induced or depressed by low ***-PCR analysis demonstrated that several candidate genes could be also regulated by salt or drought *** overexpression of two UDP-glycosyltransferases(AhUGT2 and AhUGT268)in transgenic yeast cells could enhance their tolerance to multiple abiotic *** conclusion,this study advances our understanding of the mechanisms associated with the cold stress responses in peanut,and offers valuable gene resources for genetic improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in crops.

关键词： peanut Yeast screening system Cold tolerance UDP-glycosyltransferase Abiotic stress

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Cloning and functional analysis of the promoter of allergen gene Ara h 1 from peanut

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Oil Crop Science 2022年第1期7卷 14-21页

作者： Cuiling Yuan Chunjuan Li Caixia Yan Xiaobo Zhao Juan Wang Yifei Mou Zhiwei Wang Quanxi Sun Shihua Shan Shandong peanut Research Institute QingdaoChina

peanut seeds are ideal bioreactors for the production of foreign recombinant proteins or secondary ***-specific promoters(SSPs)can direct the expression of genes specifically in seeds to avoid undesirable effects associated with constitutive ***,few SSPs have been identified in *** studies have shown that some allergen-encoding genes encode seed storage proteins or exhibit seed-specific/preferential *** this study,we characterized allergen-encoding genes from across the genomes of Arachis species to explore seed-specific *** found that at least 9 out of 16 identified peanut allergen-encoding genes were expressed specifically in the seeds or were preferentially expressed.A 1493-bp promoter fragment of allergen gene Ara h 1(we named it AHSSP6)was isolated from cultivated peanut ***-element analysis showed that three RY repeat elements which usually exsisted in seed or embryo specific promoter sequence were also present in AHSSP6 *** analysis showed AHSSP6 could drive the expression of aβ-glucuronidase(GUS)reporter gene specifically in the seeds or cotyledon tissue of transgenic Arabidopsis,while not in other *** findings indicated that these promoters of allergen genes were candidate SSPs,and AHSSP6 was a novel SSP which could be potentially utilized in peanut improvement.

关键词： Seed-specific promoter Allergen-encoding gene peanut GUS histochemical analysis Transgenic Arabidopsis

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Effect of microbial agent ARC-BBBE demonstration application on peanut production in the Huang-huai-hai area of China

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Oil Crop Science 2023年第3期8卷 143-148页

作者： Pingping Ji Haohua Gu Mingbo Wen Hang Cai Jiaming Zhu Xiaofeng Yue Qi Zhang Peiwu Li Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences WuhanChina Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseeds Products(Wuhan) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhanChina National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing(Biotoxin) WuhanChina Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanChina

The microbial agent ARC-BBBE demonstration trials were conducted in four provinces in the main peanutproducing areas of the Huang-huai-hai plain of *** results revealed that the application of ARC-BBBE led to a 1.09–1.70 fold increase in the number of nodules in the treatment group at the demonstration site compared to the control ***,the nodule weight in the treatment group was 0.80–3.32 times higher than that of the control group,and nitrogenase activity per plant showed a significant enhancement by 1.00–2.83 fold compared to ***,notable improvements were observed in terms of increased fresh weight of whole plants,well-filled pod numbers,and enhanced growth performance;ultimately resulting in a harvest yield increase ranging from 9.46%to 49.04%.The abundance of Aspergillus flavus in rhizosphere soil was determined by the dilution spread plate method,and the inhibition rate was up to 86.7%.The application of ARC-BBBE in the significant peanut-producing areas of Huang-huai-hai has effects of promoting growth,nodulation,and increasing *** the same time,it has the effect of inhibiting and controlling soil Aspergillus flavus,which provides a new green and low-carbon way to promote the high-quality development of the peanut industry.

关键词： Microbial agent ARC-BBBE peanut Nitrogenase activity Aspergillus flavus Production

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Correlation and variability analysis of yield and quality related traits in different peanut varieties across various ecological zones of China

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Oil Crop Science 2023年第4期8卷 236-242页

作者： Zhihui Wang Yue Zhang Liying Yan Yuning Chen Yanping Kang Dongxin Huai Xin Wang Kede Liu Huifang Jiang Yong Lei Boshou Liao The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan430062China National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding TechnologyNational Center of Oil Crop Improvement(Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China

peanut cultivation in China spans various ecological zones, each with unique environmental conditions. Identifying suitable peanut varieties for these regions has been challenging due to significant phenotypic variations observed across environments. This study, based on a comprehensive analysis of 256 peanut varieties, selected nine representative varieties(Huayu23, Yuanza9102, Silihong, Wanhua2, Zhonghua6, Zhonghua16, Zhonghua21,Zhonghua215, Zhonghua24) for cultivation in five distinct ecological zones including Chengdu, Hefei, Nanjing,Shijiazhuang, and Wuhan. The yield and quality related phenotypic traits of these varieties were thoroughly assessed, revealing a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Principal component analysis(PCA) effectively distinguished varieties based on yield and quality traits. Strong correlations were observed between specific traits, such as seed size and quality components. The G × E interaction was evident, as some varieties consistently performed better in certain environments. Varieties with lower coefficient of variation(CV)values exhibited stable trait expression, making them reliable choices for broad cultivation. In contrast, varieties with higher CV values displayed greater sensitivity to environmental fluctuations, potentially due to specific genetic factors. Two high oleic acid varieties, Zhonghua24 and Zhonghua215, demonstrated remarkable stability in oleic acid content across diverse environments, suggesting the presence of genetic mechanisms that buffer against environmental variations. Overall, this study underscores the importance of selecting peanut varieties based on their adaptability and performance in specific ecological zones. These findings provide valuable insights for peanut breeders and farmers, facilitating informed decisions for improved crop production and quality.

关键词： peanut Yield trait Quality trait Correlation analysis Variability analysis

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peanut yield,nutrient uptake and nutrient requirements in different regions of China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第9期20卷 2502-2511页

作者： ZHAO Shi-cheng LÜJi-long XU Xin-peng LIN Xiao-mao Luiz Moro ROSSO QIU Shao-jun Ignacio CIAMPITTI HE Ping Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China Department of Agronomy Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Nutrient balance is essential for attaining high yield and improving profits in agricultural farming systems,and crop nutrient uptake ratio and stoichiometry can indicate crop nutrient limitations in the *** collected a large amount of field data to study the variations in yield,nutrient uptake and nutrient stoichiometry of peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)in Southeast China(SEC),North-central China(NCC),and Northeast China(NEC),during 1993 to *** pod yield gradually increased from 1993 to 2018,with average yields of 4148,5138,and 4635 kg ha–1 in SEC,NCC,and NEC,*** nitrogen(N)internal efficiency(NIE,yield to N uptake ratio)was similar among the three regions,but phosphorus(P)IE(PIE,yield to P uptake ratio)changed from low to high among regions:NCCpeanut were roughly 47.2,5.1,and 25.5 kg in SEC,44.8,5.7,and 20.6 kg in NCC,and 44.6,4.4,and 14.7 kg in NEC,*** N/P ratio changed in the sequence NCCpeanut in different regions of China.

关键词： peanut pod yield nutrient internal efficiency nutrient stoichiometry harvest index

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Comparison of the Δ^(12) fatty acid desaturase gene between high-oleic and normal-oleic peanut genotypes

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2008年第11期35卷 679-685页

作者： ShanlinYu Lijuan Pan Qingli Yang Ping Min Zengkai Ren Hongsheng Zhang State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China peanut Research Institute Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Qingdao 266100 China

△^12 fatty acid desaturase gene has been targeted as a logical candidate controlling the high oleate trait in peanut seeds. By RT-PCR method, the full-length cDNAs of △^12 fatty acid desaturase gene were isolated from peanut （Arachis hypogaea L.） genotypes with normal and high ratio of oleic to linoleic acid, which were designated AhFAD2B and AhFAD2B＇, respectively. Sequence alignment of their coding regions revealed that an extra A was inserted at the position ＋442 bp of AhFAD2B＇ sequence of high oleic acid genotypes, which resulted in the shift of open reading frame and a truncated protein AhFAD2B＇, with the loss of one histidine box involved in metal ion complex required for the reduction of oxygen. Analysis of transcript level showed that the expression of △^12 fatty acid desaturase gene in high oleic acid genotype was slightly lower than that in normal genotype. The enzyme activity experiment of yeast （Saccharomyces cerevisiae） cell transformed with AhFAD2B or AhFAD2B＇ proved that only AhFAD2B gene product showed significant △^12 fatty acid desaturase activity, but AhFAD2B＇ gene product did not. These results suggested that the change of AhFAD2B＇ gene sequence resulted in lower activity or deactivation of △^12 fatty acid desaturase in high oleic acid genotype.

关键词： peanut △^12 fatty acid desaturase oleic acid yeast expression function identification

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Improving Seed Germination and peanut Yields by Cold Plasma Treatment

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Plasma Science and Technology 2016年第10期18卷 1027-1033页

作者：李玲李建刚申民翀侯金凤邵汉良董元华蒋佳峰 Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Changzhou Zhongke Changtai Plasma Technology Corporation Changzhou 213022 China Institute of Botany Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210014 China

This study explored the effects of cold plasma treatment on seed germination, plant growth, and peanut yield. Cold plasma treatment improved germination and seedling growth, and the 120 W treatment produced the best effect. Germination potential and germination rate were markedly raised by 150% and 21%, respectively. Germination was accelerated and the uniformity of emergence improved. The apparent contact angle was decreased by 53%. Seedling shoot and root dry weights increased by 11% and 9%. Leaf area, leaf thickness, leaf nitrogen concentration, chlorophyll contents, and dry weight at the fruiting stage, together with plant height, stem diameter, and root dry weight at the mature stage were all markedly raised by the cold plasma treatment. The cold plasma treatment enhanced yield components, such as branch numbers per plant, pod numbers per plant, and 100 pod weights by 8%, 13%, and 9%, respectively, compared to the control. Furthermore, the yield improved by 10%. These results suggested that cold plasma treatment improved germination, plant growth, and yield, which might be due to the cold plasma increasing the leaf area, nitrogen concentrations, and chlorophyll contents.

关键词： cold plasma peanut germination dry weight yields

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