In the Lagrangian meshless(particle)methods,such as the smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH),moving particle semi-implicit(MPS)method and meshless local Petrov-Galerkin method based on Rankine source solution(MLPG_R),...
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In the Lagrangian meshless(particle)methods,such as the smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH),moving particle semi-implicit(MPS)method and meshless local Petrov-Galerkin method based on Rankine source solution(MLPG_R),the Laplacian discretisation is often required in order to solve the governing equations and/or estimate physical quantities(such as the viscous stresses).In some meshless applications,the Laplacians are also needed as stabilisation operators to enhance the pressure *** particles in the Lagrangian methods move following the material velocity,yielding a disordered(random)particle distribution even though they may be distributed uniformly in the initial *** schemes have been developed for a direct estimation of second derivatives using finite difference,kernel integrations and weighted/moving least square *** of the schemes suffer from a poor convergent *** have a better convergent rate but require inversions of high order matrices,yielding high computational *** paper presents a quadric semi-analytical finite-difference interpolation(QSFDI)scheme,which can achieve the same degree of the convergent rate as the best schemes available to date but requires the inversion of significant lower-order matrices,i.e.3×3 for 3D cases,compared with 6×6 or 10×10 in the schemes with the best convergent *** patch tests have been carried out for either estimating the Laplacian of given functions or solving Poisson’s *** convergence,accuracy and robustness of the present schemes are compared with the existing *** will show that the present scheme requires considerably less computational time to achieve the same accuracy as the best schemes available in literatures,particularly for estimating the Laplacian of given functions.
Allergic contact dermatitis is a common clinical allergic *** patch test is the gold standard for finding and clarifying contact *** the deepening understanding of the epidemiology,pathogenesis,and clinical manifestat...
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Allergic contact dermatitis is a common clinical allergic *** patch test is the gold standard for finding and clarifying contact *** the deepening understanding of the epidemiology,pathogenesis,and clinical manifestations of contact dermatitis,as well as the increased requirements for the standardized application of patch tests,the relevant consensus needs to be continuously *** consensus is updated on the basis of the version issued in *** this revised version,it refines the selection of clinical indications,improves the judgment end interpretation of results,adds delayed detection and patient education,and so on,which aims to further standardize clinical applications and improve the value of patch test.
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