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Incense smoke(IS)inhalation exposure system:Physicochemical characterization,IS particle deposition and clearance in human airway using MPPD model

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 271-285页

作者： Vyas Kumar Hafsa Hashmi Anshita Nasreen Ghazi Ansari Jyotsna Singh Inhalation Toxicology Facility Regulatory Toxicology GroupCSR-Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchLucknow22001UPIndi Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcsSIR) Ghaziabad201002UPIndia Analytical Chemistry Regulatory Toxicology GroupCSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology ResearchLucknow226001UPIndia

Incense smoke(IS)is source of indoor air pollution and key risk for diverse human *** in-formation is available regarding controlled IS rodent inhalation exposure system and IS particulate matter(PM)deposition in human *** aimed to demonstrate stable ISPM physicochemical parameters of 10 incense products inside the customized whole body inhalation exposure chamber(without animal)connected to smoke generation unit via aerosol mixing *** analyzed for size segregated PM emission,ISPM in vitro aerodynamics(MMAD and GSD determination),fine and ultrafine particle's SEM,SEM-EDX and PAH *** real life exposure scenario by utilizing MMAD,GSD and PM concentration after Tier 1 exposure assessment as key input parameters,ISPM dosimetry in infant(3 months)and adult(21 years male and female)human airways was calculated using multiple-path particle dosimetry(MPPD 3.04)*** median aerodynamic diameter(MMAD)and geo-metric standard deviation(GSD)ranged between 0.55 and 2.10μm and 1.22 to 1.77(polydisperse)***1.0 and PM0.1 showed multiple morphology and presence of heavy and trace *** like acenaphthylene,anthracene,fluorene,naphthalene and phenanthrene were detected(0.84-143.17μg/g).MPPD results showed higher ISPM deposition in pulmonary region and lowest in trachea bronchial *** deposition in tissue was higher in lower,peripheral lung as compared to upper and central lung *** body inhalation exposure system showed stable IS atmosphere(physi-cochemical parameters)indicating the device suitability in future inhalation *** ISPM deposition fraction and clearance data showed deep lung penetrating and retention behavior with higher risk in infant followed by female and then *** modeled particle deposition and clearance data may be useful in risk assessment analysis of IS.

关键词： Inhalation Incense smoke Multiple-path particle dosimetry(MPPD) particle deposition Particulate matter(PM) Mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) Human airway

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A review on numerical studies of airflow dynamics and particle deposition in human respiratory system Author links open overlay panel

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Particuology 2024年第8期91卷 351-377页

作者： Hao Jing Xinguang Cui School of Aerospace Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

Accurate assessment and prediction of airflow dynamics and particle deposition in the human respiratory tract are essential for human health,involving inhaled drugs for treating various diseases and toxic particles that can cause *** intricate process involves complex multiphase flow with distinct respiratory *** fluid dynamics(CFD)acts as a bridge,overcoming the limitations of in vivo and in vitro experiments and providing a means to fully comprehend and reveal the fundamental mechanisms of respiratory flow and particle behavior on a microscopic *** paper provides a comprehensive overview and concise summary of recent advancements in the numerical simulation of airflow and particle deposition in the human respiratory ***,it summarizes the transition of respiratory tract models from segmented models to emerging physiological characteristic models and whole-lung airway models,and the latest developments on the effects of key factors such as geometric variations,respiratory patterns,and particle physical/chemical properties on respiratory flow and particle deposition.A notable focus of this review is on emerging physiological characteristics models and their associated complex airflow and particle dynamics inside *** paper concludes with recommendations for future research to further advance the development of this field.

关键词： Airflow dynamics particle deposition Human respiratory system Numerical modeling

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Self-cleaning effect and secondary swirling clean gas for suppressing particle deposition on vortex finder of gas cyclones

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 72-87页

作者： Zhanpeng Sun Huandi Yang Kaixuan Zhang Zhiyuan Wang Zhenyuan Hong Guang Yang School of Mechanical Engineering Hebei University of Science&TechnologyShijiazhuang050018China

In order to suppressing the particle deposition on vortex finder,a series of gas cyclones with the secondary swirling clean gas were developed inspired by the gas purge *** of the width and extension length of the flow channel as well as the secondary inlet velocity and running time on the particle deposition pattern,the deposited particle mass and the cyclones'performance were experimentally investigated,*** results show that the ultrafine particles(Stokes number Stkparticle mass of the improved cyclone has a maximum reduction more than 60%,and the collecting efficiency is increased up to 97.5%under the basically same pressure *** corresponding no-deposition area is increased by about 13%,and remains constant in spite of extending the running ***,an interesting phenomenon named"self-cleaning effect"of the vortex finder was captured for the gas cyclones,and mechanism of the secondary clean gas on the particle deposition is preliminarily *** results can deepen the understanding of the particle deposition on the vortex finder and guide the design of the anti-coking gas cyclones.

关键词： Cyclones Vortex finder particle deposition Gas purge effect Self-cleaning effect

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particle deposition in Oral-tracheal Airway Models with Very Low Inhalation Profiles

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2012年第2期9卷 252-261页

作者： Zheng Li International Biomedical 8206 Cross Park Dr Austin TX 78754 USA

Considerable progress has been made on modeling particle deposition in the oral-tracheal airway under some normal breathing conditions, i.e., resting, light activity and moderate exercise. None of these standard breathing patterns correspond to very low inhalation profiles. It is known that particle deposition in the oral-tracheal airway is greatly influenced by flow and particle inlet conditions. In this work, very low inhalation flow rates are considered. particle deposition is numerically investigated in different oral-tracheal airway models, i.e., circular, elliptic and realistic oral-tracheal airway models. Both micro- and nano-particles that are normally present in cigarette smoke are considered. Results show that inhalation profiles greatly influence the particle deposition. Due to relatively low flow rate, for ultra-fine particles, the oral deposition is enhanced due to longer residence time in oral cavity and stronger Brownian motion. However, for larger particles, less particles deposit in the oral-tracheal airway due to the weaker impaction. The transition happens when particle size changes from 0.01 μm to 0.1 μm. The influence of the limited entrance area is shown and discussed. Under the low inhalation profiles, the highest deposition fraction could be in either circular or realistic models depending on the particle property and the geometric characteristic of oral cavity. The knowledge obtained in this study may be beneficial for the design of bionic inhaler and understanding of health effect from smoke particle on human being.

关键词： particle deposition airway airflow CFD low inhalation profile

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particle deposition patterns on high-pressure turbine vanes with aggressive inlet swirl

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第3期35卷 75-89页

作者： Xing YANG Zihan HAO Zhenping FENG Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory of Turbomachinery and Power Equipment Institute of TurbomachinerySchool of Energy and Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Characteristics of particle migration and deposition were numerically investigated in presence of aggressive swirl at the turbine *** isolated effects of the inlet swirl were considered in detail by shifting the circumferential position of the swirl and by implementing positive and negative swirling *** were released from the turbine inlet and the resulting deposition on the vanes was determined by using the critical velocity model in a range of particle diameters from 1 to 25 *** show that the particles are more likely to move outwards to the boundary walls of the passage by the action of the swirling ***,this could be relieved by increasing the particle *** imbalance problem of the deposition is found between the adjacent vanes,which could introduce additional inlet non-uniformities towards the downstream rotor and thus accelerate performance degradation of the turbine ***,the negative swirl case has higher overall capture efficiency within the entire turbine than the positive swirl case for larger particles,and when the inlet swirl is shifted to the mid-passage of the turbine,more deposits could be produced in comparison with the case in which the swirl aims at the vane leading edge.

关键词： Combustor-turbine interaction Gas turbine Inlet swirl Numerical simulation particle deposition

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Characterization of particle deposition during crossflow filtration as influenced by permeate flux and crossflow velocity using a microfluidic filtration system

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2021年第3期15卷 552-561页

作者： Hongzhan Di Gregory J.O.Martin Dave E.Dunstan Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoria 3010Australia

particle deposition during crossflow filtration is significantly influenced by the operating conditions,in particular the permeate flux and crossflow ***,there is a lack of detailed knowledge about how deposit layer structures and distributions depend on operating *** study uses a microfluidic visualisation filtration system to examine the influence of operating conditions on the deposition process during crossflow ultrafiltration from a microscopic *** the permeate flux caused an increasing amount of deposition and a thicker deposit *** crossflow velocities reduced the extent of *** degree of deposition varied over a range of operating conditions due to the altered hydrodynamic forces exerted on the particles,which can be examined by the deposition probability according to an existing *** on this,an empirical correlation between the deposition probability and volume of deposition as a function of filtration time was developed,which gave good agreement with experimental *** effect of solution conditions was also involved in this correlation as a interaction *** could be useful for predicting the dynamic deposition process during crossflow filtration over a range of operating and solution conditions.

关键词： particle deposition crossflow filtration microfluidics confocal microscopy

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Numerical investigation of non-spherical particle deposition characteristics on filter media

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建筑模拟(英文) 2023年第8期16卷 1331-1343页

作者： Lumin Chen Ke Yuan Fuping Qian Zhimin Zheng Jinli Lu Yunlong Han School of Energy and Environment Anhui University of TechnologyMa'anshanAnhui 243002China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Anhui University of TechnologyMa'anshanAnhui 243002China

In the building environment,PM2.5 seriously affects people’s health and quality of life,so it is necessary to study the particle deposition *** addition,it is essential for a thorough investigation of the dust removal mechanism to understand the non-spherical particles deposition *** stacking angle experiment was used to calibrate the discrete element simulation *** four simulation methods(CFD-DPM,CFD-DEM,API interface loading drag model based on EDEM software and EDEM simulation)were used to numerically simulate the non-spherical particles deposition *** optimal simulation method EDEM was applied to study the non-spherical particles deposition characteristics in filter media,which saves the calculation time *** this basis,the particle parameters on the particle deposition characteristics of filter media were *** results show that the deposition rate of non-spherical(special shape)particles with the same volume is basically consistent on the filter media,hence it is more realistic that the dust actual shape is simplified into the triangular-shaped *** the particle size increases,the number of deposited particles on the filter media *** the larger the particle size,the more dispersed the *** has a significant impact on the number of particles deposited on the filter media when the particle velocity is 0.1 m/*** particle deposits to the lower part of the filter media in the form of a parabola and deviates from the outlet seriously at 0.1 m/***,it has little effect on the number of particle deposition at the other velocities,and most particles are deposited on the upper part of the filter media with the increase of particle velocity.

关键词： particle deposition non-spherical particles calibration of stacking angle discrete element method

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Modeling micro-particle deposition in human upper respiratory tract under steady inhalation

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Particuology 2011年第1期9卷 39-43页

作者： Jianhua Huang Lianzhong Zhang Suyuan Yu School of Physics Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an 710075 China Institute of Nuclear Energy and New Energy Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

A representative human upper respiratory tract （URT） with idealized oral region and asymmetric tracheo- bronchial （TB） airway has been modeled, and laminar-to-turbulent airflow for typical inhalation modes as well as micro-particle transport and deposition has been simulated using CFX10.0 software from Ansys Inc. on a personal computer. The asymmetric TB airway could not be replaced by an extended straight tube as outlet of the oral region while investigating the tracheal airflow field and particle deposition. Compared to an idealized oral airway with an extended straight tube, several differences could be noted：（i） The laryngeal jet extends further down the trachea and inclines towards the anterior wall; （ii） the turbulence level in trachea is less and decays more quickly; （iii） three recirculation zones are visible with intense adverse current after the glottis; （iv） deposition of small particles in trachea is reduced due to lower turbulence. Refined unstructured mesh with densified boundary layer mesh could be a proper substitute for the structured mesh in the human URT model with asymmetric TB airway. Based on the refined unstructured mesh, the physiological structure of uvula in the soft palate is properly simulated in the present human URT model.

关键词： Human upper airway model Asymmetric tracheobronchial (TB) airway particle deposition Computational fluid-particle dynamic simulations

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Heavy-organic particle deposition from petroleum fluid flow in oil wells and pipelines

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Petroleum Science 2010年第4期7卷 502-508页

作者： Joel Escobedo G.Ali Mansoori University of Illinois at Chicago 851 S. Morgan St. (M/C 063) Chicago IL 60607-7052 USA

Suspended asphaltenic heavy organic particles in petroleum fluids may stick to the inner walls of oil wells and pipelines. This is the major reason for fouling and arterial blockage in the petroleum industry. This report is devoted the study of the mechanism of migration of suspended heavy organic particles towards the walls in oil-producing wells and pipelines. In this report we present a detailed analytical model for the heavy organics suspended particle deposition coefficient corresponding to petroleum fluids flow production conditions in oil wells. We predict the rate of particle deposition during various turbulent flow regimes. The turbulent boundary layer theory and the concepts of mass transfer are utilized to model and calculate the particle deposition rates on the walls of flowing conduits. The developed model accounts for the eddy diffusivity, and Brownian diffusivity as well as for inertial effects. The analysis presented in this paper shows that rates of particle deposition （during petroleum fluid production） on the walls of the flowing channel due solely to diffusion effects are small. It is also shown that deposition rates decrease with increasing particle size. However, when the process is momentum controlled （large particle sizes） higher deposition rates are expected.

关键词： Asphaltene Brownian deposition coefficient diffusivity diamondoids heavy organic particles paraffin/wax particle deposition petroleum fluid prefouling behavior production operation,suspended particles turbulent flow

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Numerical simulation of particle deposition in obstructive human airways

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Journal of Central South University 2012年第3期19卷 609-614页

作者：欧翠云邓启红刘蔚巍 School of Energy Science and Engineering Central South University

To investigate airflow pattern and its impact on particle deposition, finite-volume based computational fluid dynamics （CFD） simulations were conducted in the diseased triple-bifitrcation airways. Computations were carried out for twenty Reynolds numbers ranging from 100 to 2 000 in the step of 100. particles in the size range of 1-10 μm were conducted. Two particle deposition mechanisms （gravitational sedimentation and inertial impaction） were considered. The results indicate that there are strong relationship between airflow structures and particle deposition patterns. deposition efficiency is different for different particles in the whole range of the respiratory rates. particles in different sizes can deposit at different sites. Smaller particles can be uniformly deposited at the inside wall of the considered model. Larger particles can be mainly deposited in the proximal bifurcations. deposition fraction varies a lot for different inlet Reynolds numbers. For lower Reynolds numbers, deposition fraction is relatively small and varies a little with varying the diameters. For Reynolds number to target the aerosols at the specific site. higher Reynolds numbers, there is a most efficient diameter for each

关键词： diseased airway inhalable particle airflow pattern particle deposition

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