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partial proportional odds model for analyzing pedestrian crashes,threshold heterogeneity by scale and proportional odds factor

引用

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第6期9卷 969-977页

作者： Mahdi Rezapour Khaled Ksaibati Wyoming Technology Transfer Center University of WyomingLaramieWY 82071USA

Despite low traffic in Wyoming,pedestrian crash severity accounts for a high number of fatalities in the *** this study was conducted to highlights factors contributing to those *** results highlighted that drivers under influence,type of vehicle,location of crashes,estimated speed of vehicles,driving over the recommended speed are some of factors contributing to the severity of *** this study,we used proportional odds model which assumes that the impact of each attribute is consistent or proportional across various threshold ***,it has been argued that this assumption might be unrealistic,especially at the presence of extreme ***,the assumption was relaxed in this study by shifting the thresholds based on some explanatory attributes,or proportional odds *** addition,we accounted for the spread rate,or scale,of the model’s latent distribution of pedestrian *** results highlighted that the partial proportional odds model through proportional odds factor and scale effects result in a significant improvement in model fit compared with the standard proportional odds *** were also made across standard normal,simple partial ordinal model,and partial ordinal accounting for scale *** addition,various potential threshold structures such as symmetric and flexible were considered,but similar goodness of fits were observed across all those *** discussion has been made regarding the formulation of the implemented methodology,and its implications.

关键词： partial proportional odds model Pedestrian crashes Scale heterogeneity proportional odds factor Vulnerable road users Drivers’lack of attention

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