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Giant intraventricular and paraventricular cavernous malformations with multifocal subependymal cavernous malformations in pediatric patients: Two case reports

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World Journal of Radiology 2020年第2期12卷 10-17页

作者： Suwadee Eng-Chuan Supika Kritsaneepaiboon Anukoon Kaewborisutsakul Kanet Kanjanapradit Department of Radiology Faculty of MedicinePrince of Songkla UniversityHat Yai 90110Thailand Neurosugery Unit Department of SurgeryFaculty of MedicinePrince of Songkla UniversityHat Yai 90110Thailand Department of Pathology Faculty of MedicinePrince of Songkla UniversityHat Yai 90110Thailand

BACKGROUND Giant cavernous malformation(GCM)is rarely found in intraventricular or paraventricular *** SUMMARY We present two cases of 6-mo and 21-mo boys with intraventricular and paraventricular GCMs including a literature review focused on location and imaging *** magnetic resonance imaging findings such as multicystic lesions and a hemosiderin ring or bubbles-of-blood appearance can assist in the differential diagnosis of a hemorrhagic intraventricular and/or paraventricular *** Multifocal intraventricular and/or paraventricular GCM in small children is *** characteristic magnetic resonance imaging findings can help to differentiate GCMs from other intraventricular tumors.

关键词： Cavernous malformation Giant intraventricular paraventricular Multifocal subependymal Children Case report

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Secretory Granule-Containing Processes and Their Synaptic Structures of the Supraoptic and paraventricular Nuclei of the Rat

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Military Medical Research 1986年第2期 142-145页

作者：鞠躬舒斯云 Department of Neurobiology Fourth Military Medical College Xian

Secretory granule-containing dendrites and their synaptic structuresof the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei were studied with *** granules were found in proximal dendrites,dendriticstems and fine dendritic *** structures with clear roundvesicles and a few large dense core vesicles could often be identified onthese *** synaptic membranes were either symmetrical or asym-metrical.

关键词： secretory granule supraoptic nucleus paraventricular nucleus rat

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Impaired Hypothalamic Regulation of Sympathetic Outflow in Primary Hypertension

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第1期35卷 124-132页

作者： Jing-Jing Zhou Hui-Jie Ma Jian-Ying Shao Hui-Lin Pan De-Pei Li Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Department of Physiology Hebei Medical University Department of Medicine Center for Precision MedicineUniversity of Missouri

The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus(PVN) is a crucial region involved in maintaining homeostasis through the regulation of cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, and other functions. The PVN provides a dominant source of excitatory drive to the sympathetic outflow through innervation of the brainstem and spinal cord in hypertension. We discuss current findings on the role of the PVN in the regulation of sympathetic output in both normotensive and hypertensive conditions. The PVN seems to play a major role in generating the elevated sympathetic vasomotor activity that is characteristic of multiple forms of hypertension, including primary hypertension in humans. Recent studies in the spontaneously hypertensive rat model have revealed an imbalance of inhibitory and excitatory synaptic inputs to PVN presympathetic neurons as indicated by impaired inhibitory and enhanced excitatory synaptic inputs in *** imbalance of inhibitory and excitatory synaptic inputs in the PVN forms the basis for elevated sympathetic outflow in hypertension. In this review, we discuss the disruption of balance between glutamatergic and GABAergic inputs and the associated cellular and molecular alterations as mechanisms underlying the hyperactivity of PVN pre-sympathetic neurons in hypertension.

关键词： Hypothalamus paraventricular nucleus Synaptic plasticity Essential hypertension Sympathetic nervous system

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