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Engineering classification recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries through pretreatment:a comprehensive review from laboratory to scale-up application

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 915-941页

作者： Shu-Xuan Yan You-Zhou Jiang Xiang-Ping Chen Lu Yuan Ting-Ting Min Yu Cao Wan-Li Peng Tao Zhou Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Public Policy and Management Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China China Nonferrous Metal Industry's Foreign Engineering and Construction Co. LtdBeijing 100029China

The lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have been widely equipped in electric/hybrid electric vehicles(EVs/HEVs)and the portable electronics due to their excellent electrochemical ***,a large number of retired LIBs that consist of toxic substances(e.g.,heavy metals,electrolytes)and valuable metals(e.g.,Li,Co)will inevitably flow into the waste stream,and their incineration or landfill treatment will cause severe risks to ecosystem and human *** sustainable and efficient treatment or recycling of valuable resources from spent LIBs should be fully recognized for environmental and resource *** one of the most important processes for spent LIBs recycling,the pretreatment is an indispensable step,which is directly related to the subsequent metal extraction and separation *** considerable progresses have been made regarding the pretreatment technologies,there are few summarized reports concerning critical processes of spent LIBs recycling,especially combination of currently available recycling technologies with industrialized applications during ***,comprehensive review of the current prevailing pretreatment technologies in laboratory to existing scale-up applications is quite necessary to reveal cutting-edge development in the field of *** this review,the current pretreatment technologies are systematically categorized and introduced,along with critical *** review focused on the various options for pretreatment processes itself,instead of general spent LIBs recycling technologies without the focused topics that have been sophisticatedly reviewed by previous ***,the deactivation,discharge,dismantling,separation,liberation of active material and electrolyte treatment have been summarized with the in-depth discussion of the technology development and current status of each ***,current states of industrial development are also reviewed and discussed for the development of

关键词： Spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) Recycling pretreatment Valuable metals Cutting-edge technologies Industrialized application

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Technological advancements in millet dehulling and polishing process: An insight into pretreatment methods, machineries and impact on nutritional quality

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第3期7卷 186-195页

作者： Shagolshem Mukta Singh Jayasree Joshi T P.Srinivasa Rao Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpurWest Bengal 721302India

Millets are widely recognized for their nutritional significance;however, the methods employed for their processing are currently lacking. This article primarily focuses on the advanced technologies and progressions in millet dehulling and polishing. These technologies operate based on the fundamental principles of compression-shearing, abrasion-friction, and centrifugal-impact forces. Processing of millets can be challenging because of the physical characteristics and tight attachment of hull and bran to the endosperm. However, several dehullers have been designed to solve this problem for different kinds of millets. In addition, the nutritional and anti-nutritional characteristics undergo alterations due to both dehulling and polishing processes. These alterations are thoroughly examined and discussed in this article. Specifically, anti-nutrients such as tannins and phytate are predominantly found in the outer pericarp of the grain and experience a reduction after undergoing dehulling and polishing. The nutritional properties are also subjected to a reduction;however, this reduction can be mitigated by subjecting the grains to certain pretreatments before dehulling and polishing. These treatments serve to enhance dehulling efficiency and nutrient digestibility while simultaneously reducing the presence of anti-nutrients. Novel thermal and non-thermal methodologies such as microwave, hydrothermal, high-pressure processing, and ohmic heating can be employed for processing millets, thereby diminishing the loss of nutrients. Additional research can be carried out to investigate their impact on the dehulling and polishing of millets.

关键词： Millets Dehulling Polishing pretreatment Novel thermal and non-thermal techniques

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Enhancing volatile fatty acids production from waste activated sludge: The role of pretreatment by N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)-L-glutamate (GLDA)

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 149-157页

作者： Chang Liu Lin Li Linji Xu Tanglong Zhang Qiang He Xiaodong Xin Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment Ministry of EducationCollege of Environment and EcologyChongqing UniversityChongqing400045PR China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan523808PR China

N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)-L-glutamate(GLDA)is an eco-friendly chelating agent that effectively extracts multivalent metal ions from waste activated sludge(WAS)flocs,which could potentially alter their ***,the effect of GLDA on the production of volatile fatty acids(VFAs)from WAS is not well ***,we demonstrate that pretreatment with GLDA at a concentration of 200 mmol per kg VSS results in a significant increase of 142%in extractable extracellular polymeric substances and enhances the total VFAs yield by 64%compared to untreated *** reveal GLDA's capability to mobilize organic-binding multivalent metal ions within sludge ***,post-pretreatment analyses showed the release of 69.1 mg L^(-1) of Ca and 109.8 mg L^(-1) of Fe ions from the flocs,leading to a more relaxed floc structure and a reduced apparent activation energy(10.6 versus 20 kJ mol1)for WAS *** dynamic simulations further demonstrate GLDA's preferential binding to Fe3þand Ca2þover Mg2þ.Our study suggests that GLDA pretreatment causes minimal disruption to reactor stability,thereby indicating the stability of microbial community *** has emerged as a viable pretreatment agent for enhancing volatile fatty acids production from waste activated sludge.

关键词： Anaerobic fermentation pretreatment Resource recovery Multivalent metals Solubilization

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Retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury and pretreatment with Lycium barbarum glycopeptide

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第9期17卷 1599-1605页

作者： Yan-Xia Wu Shuo Yin Shan-Shan Song Xiang Liu Yu-Xuan Deng Xue-Jing Lu Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 610075Sichuan ProvinceChina Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 610084Sichuan ProvinceChina School of Chinese Classics Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610075Sichuan ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Ophthalmopathy Prevention&Cure and Visual Function Protection with Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 610075Sichuan ProvinceChina Retinal Image Technology and Chronic Vascular Disease Prevention&Control and Collaborative Innovation Center Chengdu 610075Sichuan ProvinceChina

AIM:To investigate the antioxidant protective effect of Lycium barbarum glycopeptide(LbGP)pretreatment on retinal ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury(RIRI)in ***:RIRI was induced in Sprague Dawley rats through anterior chamber perfusion,and pretreatment involved administering LbGP via gavage for *** 24h of reperfusion,serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and creatinine(CREA)levels,retinal structure,expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-8,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,and malondialdehyde(MDA)in the retina were ***:The pretreatment with LbGP effectively protected the retina and retinal tissue from edema and inflammation in the ganglion cell layer(GCL)and nerve fiber layer(NFL)of rats subjected to RIRI,as shown by light microscopy and optical coherence tomography(OCT).Serum AST was higher in the model group than in the blank group(P=0.042),but no difference was found in ALT,AST,and CREA across the LbGP groups and model ***-3 expression was higher in the model group than in the blank group(P=0.006),but no difference was found among LbGP groups and the model ***-8 expression was higher in the model group than in the blank group(P=0.000),and lower in the 400 mg/kg LbGP group than in the model group(P=0.016).SOD activity was lower in the model group than in the blank group(P=0.001),and the decrease was slower in the 400 mg/kg LbGP group than in the model group(P=0.003).MDA content was higher in the model group than in the blank group(P=0.001),and lower in the 400 mg/kg LbGP group than in the model group(P=0.016).The pretreatment with LbGP did not result in any observed liver or renal toxicity in the ***:LbGP pretreatment exhibits dosedependent anti-inflammatory,and antioxidative effects by reducing Caspase-8 expression,preventing declines of SOD activity,and decreasing MDA content in the RIRI rat model.

关键词： retinal ischemia-reperfusion Lycium barbarum glycopeptide pretreatment anti-inflammatory antioxidative rat

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Research Progress of QuEChERS pretreatment Technique in the Detection of Multiple Pesticide Residues

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2024年第2期13卷 10-11,37页

作者： Bo LIU Dawei WANG Yuhang GUO Xuehua WANG Lei WANG Yajuan SONG Tangshan Food and Drug Comprehensive Testing Center Tangshan 063000China Hebei Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Testing Innovation Center Tangshan 063000China

The QuEChERS extraction technique is a pretreatment technique that has been rapidly applied in recent years and is widely used in the field of pesticide residues with many advantages. This technique is based on solid phase extraction (SPE), which uses the interaction between adsorbent and impurities in the matrix to achieve the purpose of purification. The method has easier operation and better purification effect than SPE. In this paper, the research progress of the QuEChERS technique in pesticide residue detection in different fields in recent years and its future development were reviewed, hoping to provide reference for further development and utilization of the QuEChERS technique in pesticide residue detection in the future.

关键词： QuEChERS pretreatment Pesticide residues Research progress

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pretreatment of agricultural residues by supercritical CO_2 at 50–80 °C to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第4期28卷 39-45页

作者： Meng-jiao Zhao Qin-qin Xu Guo-min Li Qiao-zhi Zhang Dan Zhou Jian-zhong Yin Hua-shu Zhan State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals School of Chemical Machinery Dalian University of Technology Guizhou Aerospace Wujiang Electro-Mechanical Equipment Co. Ltd

Various agricultural crop residues including corn stover,corn cob,and sorghum stalk with a moisture content of 75 wt%were subjected to a long pretreatment(12–60 h)with supercritical CO_2(scCO_2),at low temperature(50–80°C)and a pressure of 17.5–25.0 *** sugar yields from the enzymatic hydrolysis(EH)of the pretreated samples were as much as three-to fourfold greater than those afforded by the raw ***,when pretreatment was conducted within a short time(e.g.0.5 h),as previously reported in the literature,only a slight increase in the EH sugar yields was *** proposed sc CO_2pretreatment mechanism demonstrated the role of moisture in the ***,softening,and swelling were observed to mainly affect the lignocellulose when a suitable amount of water was ***,the samples were analysed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy,before and after pretreatment,to investigate the changes in the microscopic structure of the biomass.

关键词： Lignocellulose scCO2 pretreatment Enzymatic hydrolysis Sugar yield Moisture content

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pretreatment of cyanided tailings by catalytic ozonation with Mn^(2+)/O^3

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第2期27卷 14-21页

作者： Yulong Li Dengxin Li Jiebing Li Jin wang Asif Hussain Hao Ji Yijie Zhai College of Environmental Science and Engineering State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry Donghua University

The increasing amount of cyanided tailings produced as a by-product has gained significant attention in recent years because of the rapid development of the gold industry and extensive exploitation of gold mineral resources. The effective use of these secondary resources is becoming an important and urgent problem for all environmental protection staff. Manganese-catalyzed ozonation for the pre-oxidation of cyanided tailings was studied and the effects of Mn2＋dosage, initial sulfuric acid concentration, ozone volume flow, temperature and agitation speed on pretreatment were examined. The optimum reaction conditions were observed to be： ore pulp density 2.5%, agitation speed 700 r/min,temperature 60°C, Mn2＋dosage 40 g/L, ozone volume flow 80 L/hr, initial sulfuric acid concentration 1 mol/L, and reaction time 6 hr. Under these conditions, the leaching rate of Fe and weight loss could reach 94.85% and 48.89% respectively. The leaching process of cyanided tailings by Mn2＋/O3 was analyzed, and it was found that the leaching of pyrite depends on synergetic oxidation by high-valent manganese and O3, in which the former played an important part.

关键词： Cyanided tailings pretreatment Mn2+/O3 Catalytic ozonation

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pretreatment and thiosulfate leaching of refractory gold-bearing arsenosulfide concentrates

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2005年第5期12卷 385-389页

作者： Yuqun Meng Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China

A hydrometallurgical process for refractory gold-bearing arsenosulfide concentrates at ambient temperature and pressure was presented, including fine grinding with intensified alkali-leaching （FGIAL）, enhanced agitation alkali-leaching （EAAL）, thiosulfate leaching and displacement. Experimental results on a refractory gold concentrate showed that the total consumption of NaOH in alkaline leaching is only 41% of those theoretically calculated under the conditions of full oxidization for the same amount of arse- nides and sulfides transformed into arsenates and sulfates, and 72.3% of gold is synchro-dissoluted by thiosulfate self-generated during alkaline leaching. After alkaline leaching, thiosulfate leaching was carried out for 24 h. The dissolution of gold is increased to 91.9% from 4.6% by cyanide without the pretreatment. The displacement of gold by zinc powder in the solution gets to 99.2%. Due to an amount of thiosulfate self-generated during alkaline leaching, the reagent addition in thiosulfate leaching afterwards is lower than the normal.

关键词： refractory gold-bearing arsenosulfide concentrates pretreatment alkaline leaching self-leaching of gold thiosulfate leaching

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pretreatment of copper-bearing refractory gold ores by bio-heap leaching

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2005年第4期12卷 289-293页

作者： Yanling Sheng Qiang Zhang Huajun Wang Yanru Sheng Civil and Environmental Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Nanguan District Teacher Advanced Study School of Changchun Changchun 130043 China

The refractory gold ores associated with rich copper and trapped in pyrite and quartz were studied. With conventional technique （all-sliming cyanidation）, the gold recovery rate is only 51.78%. To eliminate the negative effects of copper and pyrite on cyanidation and increase the gold recovery rate, the investigation on bio-heap leaching pretreatment was made, by which Cu would be dissolved and gold would be liberated from pyrite. The experiment adopted mixed bacteria, mainly ThiobaciUus ferrooxidan （named *** ）, as the bacterial catalyst for bio-preconditioning and was carried out in a PVC column with a diameter of 20 cm and a height of 1.3 m loaded with gold ores. The temperature was controlled between 28 and 30℃, the pH value was kept between 2.0-2.5, and the flux of sprinkling bacterial liquid was maintained 0.80 L/h. After 45-day＇s bio-oxidization, among the samples sizing from 0 to 5 mm, the oxidation rates of Cu, Fe and S were respectively 44.62%, 28.16% and 25.46%, and the gold recovery rate by cyaniding increased to 80.35%. The bio-heap leaching pretreatment can therefore effectively dissolve Cu and liberate gold from pyrite and lead to the increase of gold extraction.

关键词： bio-oxidization pretreatment pyrite gold ore bio-heap leaching

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pretreatment with scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf total flavonoid protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in hippocampal neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第23期9卷 2066-2073页

作者： Xiangyu Kong Wei Kong Guangxin Miao Shumin Zhao Meng Chen Xiaoying Zheng Jiangtao Bai Laboratory of Spinal Cord Injury and Rehabilitation Chengde Medical College

Previous experimental studies have shown that cerebral infarction can be effectively reduced following treatment with scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf total flavonoid （SSTF）. However, the mechanism of action of SSTF as a preventive drug to treat cerebral infarction remains unclear. In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with 50, 100, 200 mg/kg SSTF via intragastric ad- ministration for 1 week prior to the establishment of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. The results showed that pretreatment with SSTF effectively improved neurological function, reduced brain water content and the permeability of blood vessels, ameliorated ischemia-induced morphology changes in hippocampal microvessels, down-regulated Fas and FasL protein expression, elevated the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, and decreased malondialdehyde content. In contrast to low-dose SSTF pretreatment, the above changes were most obvious after pretreatment with moderateand high-doses of SSTF. Experimental findings indicate that SSTF pretreatment can exert protective effects on the brain against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. The underlying mechanisms may involve reducing brain water content, increasing microvascular recanalization, inhibiting the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, and attenuating free radical damage.

关键词： nerve regeneration scutellaria baicalensis stem-leaf total flavonoid pretreatment cerebral ischemia/reperfusion hippocampus apoptosis vascular permeability free radicals neural regeneration

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