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Genetic Variation among Sorghum (Sorghum bicolorL. Moench) Landraces from Eritrea under post-Flowering Drought Stress Conditions

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第9期6卷 1410-1424页

作者： Tesfamichael Abraha Stephen Mwangi Githiri Remmy Kasili Woldeamlak Araia Aggrey Bernard Nyende Hamelmalo Agricultural College (HAC) Keren Eritrea Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Institute of Biotechnology Research Nairobi Kenya

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolour (L.) Moench) grown under rain-fed conditions is usually affected by drought stress at different stages, resulting in reduced yield. The assessment of variation in morpho-physiological traits contributing towards drought tolerance at these stages is of vital importance. This study was conducted using a split plot design with three replications to evaluate 25 sorghum accessions at post flowering stage under well watered and drought stress conditions at Hamelmalo Agricultural College. The data of 14 different morpho-physiological traits were subjected to analysis of variance, estimation of genetic variability and heritability and principal component analysis. We analyzed variance for seedling vigor, number of leaves, leaf area, stay-green, peduncle exsertion, panicle length and width, plant height, days to flowering and maturity, grain yield, biomass and harvest index under drought stress and irrigated conditions. The results showed that genotypic differences were significant at P 1 explaining 74.6% of the total variation with grain yield, biomass, stay-green, leaf area, peduncle exsertion and days to flowering and maturity being the most important characters in PC1 and PC2. This research demonstrated high diversity for the characters studied. Moreover, the result showed that drought stress reduced the yield of some genotypes, though others were tolerant to drought. Accessions EG 885, EG 469, EG 481, EG 849, Hamelmalo, EG 836 and EG 711 were identified as superior for post-flowering drought tolerance and could be used by breeders in improvement programs.

关键词： Drought Tolerance Genetic Variability post Flowering Principal Component Analysis Sorghum

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Comparative Effect of Ca, K, Mn and B on post-Drought Stress Recovery in Tea [Camellia sinensis(L.) O Kuntze]

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第4期3卷 443-460页

作者： Hrishikesh Upadhyaya Biman K. Dutta Lingaraj Sahoo Sanjib K. Panda Department of Bio-technology Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati India Microbial and Agricultural Ecology Laboratory Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Assam (Central) University Silchar India Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory School of Life Sciences Assam (Central) University Silchar India

Tea (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most important economic crops. Being perennial in nature, tea plant often experiences natural drought, which affects its growth and productivity. The present investigation was undertaken to understand the mechanism of post-drought stress recovery on rehydration and the effect of nutrients in the recovery process of the selected clones of Camellia sinensis L. (TV-1, TV-20, TV-29 & TV-30). The results demonstrated that decrease in relative water content (RWC), dry mass of leaf and antioxidants like-ascorbate and glutathione in all the tested clones, as a result of imposed water stress, which caused damage was not permanent. Increase in phenolic content with decrease in O2-, H2O2 and lipid peroxidation was indication of the recovery of stress induced oxidative damage following the post stress rehydration. Further, the post drought recovery was enhanced by foliar spray of K, Ca, Mn & B. Differential activities of enzymes like SOD, CAT, POX, GR and PPO in response to foliar spray of nutrients in rehydrated plant improved the recovery process. The present study reveals that the tested nutrients (K, Ca, Mn & B) showed some positive response in influencing growth and antioxidative responses during post drought recovery process, where K and Ca showed comparatively better effect in improving post drought recovery potential in tea plant.

关键词： Drought post Drought Recovery (PDR) Calcium Potassium Boron Manganese Camellia sinensis (Tea)

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Drastic Resistivity Reduction of CVD-TiO2Layers by post-Wet-Treatment in HCl Solution

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Journal of Crystallization Process and Technology 2015年第1期5卷 24-30页

作者： Satoshi Yamauchi Kazuhiro Ishibashi Sakura Hatakeyama Department of Biomolecular Functional Engineering Ibaraki University Hitachi Japan

Poly-crystalline anatase TiO2 layer fabricated by LPCVD using titanium-tetra-iso-propoxide and NbF5 in H2-ambient was treated in conc.-HCl solution after thin layer of IIIb-group metal was deposited on the TiO2 layer. Resistivity of the as-deposited layer about 1 × 10-1 Ω·cm was drastically reduced to 3 × 10-3 Ω·cm by the wet-treatment using indium. Temperature dependence of the resistivity increased with temperature above 100 K for the wet-treated layer was quite different from that decreased above 100 K for the as-deposited layer, whereas the resistivity was saturated at lower temperatures. The resistivity at room-temperature was decreased with the thickness before the wet-treatment but independent on the thickness above 100 nm for the wet-treated layer. Indium was more effective for the resistivity reduction than gallium but aluminum was not useful for the treatment. As the results that the wet-treatment using indium was examined for the TiO2 layers deposited by various conditions, the optimum deposition condition to reduce the resistivity of the layer after the wet-treatment was clearly different from that for the as-deposited layer.

关键词： LPCVD Poly-Crystalline TiO2 post Wet-Treatment Low Resistive TiO2

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Score based assessment of implant-related post fusion MRI artifacts focused on different interbody disc spacers: An in vitrostudy

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Open Journal of Clinical Diagnostics 2012年第2期2卷 23-29页

作者： Thorsten Ernstberger Gabert Heidrich Hans-Michael Klinger Mike Herbert Baums Center of Radiology Weilheim Ambulatory Healthcare Center Weilheim Germany Clinic for Spinal Surgery Klinikum Bad Bramstedt Bad Bramstedt Germany Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Friedrichsheim University of Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Gottingen Gottingen Germany

Interbody disc spacers for anterior spine fusion are made of different materials, such as titanium alloys or carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP). Implant-related susceptibility artifacts can decrease the quality of MRI scans. This cadaveric study aimed to demonstrate the extent that implant-related MRI artifacting affects the post fusion differentiation of the spinal canal (SC) and intervertebral disc space (IDS). In 6 cadaveric porcine spines, we evaluated the post-im- plantation MRI scans of a titanium and CFRP spacer that differed in shape and surface qualities. A spacer made of human cortical bone was used as a control. A defined evaluation unit was divided into regions of interest (ROI) to characterize the SC and IDS. Considering 15 different MRI sequences read independently by an interobserver-validated team of specialists artifact-affected image quality of the median MRI slice was rated on a modified score of 0-1-2-3. A maximum score of 15 points for the SC and 9 points for the IDS (100%) was possible. Turbo spin echo sequences produced the best scores for both spacers and the control. Only the control achieved a score of 100%. For the IDS the titanium and CFRP spacer maximally scored 0% and 74%, for the SC 80% and 99%, respectively. By using favored T1 TSE sequences the CFRP-spacer represented clear advantages in post fusion spinal imaging. Independent of artifact dimensions the used scoring system allowed us to create an implant-related ranking of MRI scan quality in reference to the bone control.

关键词： Interbody Disc Spacer post Fusion MRI Imaging Artifacts Artifact Score

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post-Failure Rheological Properties of Rockmass ——An Important Object of Study for Engineering Rockmass Mechanics

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2000年第2期21卷 38-41页

作者：江玉生

post failure rheology, as an important deformable behavior of average to very poor rockmass,is discussed in this paper. Three kinds of deformations, transition deformation, post failure rheological deformation and swelling deformation, are also introduced for they are totally different from that of traditional concepts. Transition and post failure deformations are sensitive to the environmental factors, and need to be studied in the future.

关键词： post failure rheology engineering rockmass rock mechanics deformation\

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Restructuring the Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) Mechanism for a post Kyoto Agreement

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American Journal of Climate Change 2015年第1期4卷 69-76页

作者： Kamleshan Pillay Lisa Frost Ramsay School of Agriculture Earth and Environmental Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban South Africa

With the possibility of a new climate agreement being formed in 2015 at COP 21 in Paris, there is a vital need to restructure REDD+ for formal inclusion into such an agreement. There are two vital questions that need to be assessed if REDD+ is to be effective as a policy tool within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). First, can REDD+ be financially self-sustaining if it remains as a fund based mechanism or will a market based system be more effective? Second, will REDD+ remain primarily a carbon offsetting mechanism or can it also deliver co-benefits (poverty alleviation, biodiversity conservation, and promoting indigenous rights protection)?

关键词： CDM Climate Change Forest post Kyoto REDD+ UNFCCC

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Formulation of the post-Newtonian Equations of Motion of the Restricted Three Body Problem

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Applied Mathematics 2011年第2期2卷 155-164页

作者： Fawzy A. Abd El-Salam Sobhy Abd El-Bar 不详

In the present work the geodesic equation represents the equations of motion of the particles along the geodesics is derived. The deviation of the curved space-time metric tensor from that of the Minkowski tensor is considered as a perturbation. The quantities is expanded in powers of c-2. The equations of motion of the relativistic three body problem in the PN formalism are obtained.

关键词： post Newtonian Approximation Geodesic Equation Restricted Three Body Problem

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Fracture of Limbs Bones in a Town in post Conflict (Case of Bukavu Town)

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2015年第4期5卷 244-250页

作者： Toha Georges Kuyigwa Ona Longombe Ahuka Namugusha Alain Kabakuli Jeff Maotela Kabinda Akinja Bitum Uwonda Medical School Catholic University of Bukavu Bukavu Democratic Republic of Congo Medical School of Kisangani Kisangani Democratic Republic of Congo Medical School of Mbuji Mayi Mbuji Mayi Democratic Republic of Congo

Background: Rapid urbanization and increasing fleet in low-income countries are the basis of the higher rate of trauma and fractures. In a post conflict environment, the abnormal movement of firearms and poverty from them may change the configuration’s epidemiological, anatomical and clinical fractures of the limbs bones as well as their care. Goal: To make an inventory on the fractures of the limb bones in Bukavu town, a town in post armed conflict. Method: This work is transversal, retrospective and descriptive on 500 fractures of the limbs bones recorded on a period of 3 months from 1st June to 31st August 2013. Twenty investigators went around different places of Bukavu town to interview and complete a research protocol ad hoc. In total, we recorded 500 subjects with 570 fractures of the limb bones. Results: The average age is 29.4 years old and 37% are male fractured. The main circumstances of occurrence of the fracture of the limbs bones are the falls (31.7%), firearms (22.2%) followed closely by road traffic accidents (21.9%). Students (38.6%) and the unemployed (29.4%) are most victims’ fractures of limb bones. The forearm bones (31.7%) and leg bones (27.2%) are most concerned, 52.2% fractured turned to modern medicine against 41.8% for traditional medicine. Conclusion: The fractures of the limbs bones in Bukavu mainly concern young male subjects. They occur with the waning of a fall and preferentially affect the bones of the forearm. Good governance would reduce the incidence of fractures of the limbs bones and their assessment.

关键词： Fractures of the Limbs Bones Young Male People A Town in post Conflict

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Research on post-evaluation in 1st Phase Aims ofThree North Shelterbelt Program Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method

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Chinese Forestry Science and Technology 2007年第3期6卷 11-16页

作者： LIU Yong Research Institute of Forestry Policy and Information Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 P.R.China

In aspect of the scale of worksi the Three North Shelterbelt Program is up to now the mOSt magnificent project of forestry ecological construction in the world. At the endof 2000 the lst, 2nd, and 3rd periods of COnstruction in the 1st phase （1978-2000） had been completed Based On fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. the paper is about the researches On post-evaluation in the Ist phase aims of the Three North Shelterbelt Program. The conclusion obtained is that the aims are partly successful.

关键词： post evaluation fuzzy comprehensive evaluation the Three NorLh Shelterbelt Program aim

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MAJOR-COUNTRY RELATIONS,GLOBAL GOVERNANCE AND CHINA’S FOREIGN STRATEGY IN THE post-COVID ERA

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Contemporary World 2021年第2期 16-21页

作者： LIN LIMIN University of International Relations

No one is quite sure when COVID-19 will come to an end,but the harm it inflicts on people and its ramifications on the international landscape,major-country relations and global governance system are playing *** analysis on the impacts of the coronavirus from the perspective of major country competition and global governance can help us better understand what the pandemic means for China,and what new circumstances and challenges China’s strategic community may face in the postpandemic era.

关键词： post landscape RELATION

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