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Conductive polyaniline/Cellulose/Graphite Composite Films with High Thermal Stability and Antibacterial Activity

Paper And Biomaterials 2017年第1期2卷 40-51页

作者： JingHuan Chen JinGang Liu WenTao Zhang Kun Wang XueRen Qian RunCang Sun National Engineering Laboratory of Pulping and Papermaking China National Pulp and Paper Research Institute Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry Beijing Forestry University Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry University

Functional composite films were successfully prepared from cellulose, graphite(GP), and polyaniline(PANI) using a combination of physical and chemical processes. Cellulosewasdissolved in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide monohydrate(NMMO) and regenerated in water to form the matrix. GP was dispersed in the NMMO solvent prior to the dissolution of the cellulose, and PANI was deposited on the surfaces of the cellulose/GP films by in situ chemical polymerization. The structures of the PANI/cellusose/GP composite films were investigated using X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and SEM/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The mechanical strengths, thermal stabilities, conductivities, and antibacterial activities of the films were studied in detail. The results showed that GP formed a multilayered structure in the cellulose matrix and that the PANI nanoparticles were tightly wrapped on the film surface. The film thickness increased from 40 mm to 100 mm after the addition of GP and PANI. The tensile strength of the composite films was 80~107 MPa, with the elongation at break being 3%~10%. The final residual weight of the composite films was as high as 65%, and the conductivity of the composite films reached 14.36 S/m. The cellulose matrix ensured that the films were flexible and exhibited desirable mechanical properties, while the GP filler significantly improved the thermal stability of the films. The PANI coating acted as a protective layer during burning and provided good electrical conductivity and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli; both of these characteristics were slightly enhanced by the incorporation of GP. These PANI/cellulose/GP composite films should be suitable for use in electronics, antistatic packing, and numerous other applications.

关键词： cellulose graphite polyaniline conductive film thermal stability antibacterial activity

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Supported TritonX-100 polyaniline Nano-Porous Electrically Active Film onto Indium-Tin-Oxide Probe for Sensors Application

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2011年第3期1卷 140-146页

作者： Raju Khan 不详

Supported tritonX100 polyaniline nano-porous electrically active film has been fabricated successfully onto indium-tin-oxide conducting probe using electrochemical polymerization process. The doping of TX-100 in the polymeric network of PANI was suggested using cyclic voltammeter, UV-vis spectroscopy, and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. The change in the surface morphology of PANI thin film due to incorporation of tritonX-100 was investigated using Atomic Forced Microscopy and porosity has been confirmed scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The surface morphology, uniformly disperse hexagonal close packing of TX-100 in PANI matrices due to the incorporation of TX-100 in polymeric network of PANI was confirmed by Atomic Force Microscopy. The electrical conductivity of PANI-TX-100 increases from 1.06 x 10-2 S/cm-1 to 4.95 x 10-2 S/cm-1 as the amount of TX-100 increases during the polymerization. The change in the morphology and electrical conductivity of PANI due to incorporation of TX-100 prove as a promising material for the sensing application.

关键词： Electrochemical Polymerization Non ionic surfactant Conducting polyaniline Atomic Force Microscopy Scanning Tunneling Microscopy.

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Synthesis and Characterisations of TiO2Coated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes/Graphene/polyaniline Nanocomposite for Supercapacitor Applications

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2012年第2期2卷 70-77页

作者： Debasis Ghosh Soumen Giri Swinderjeetsingh Kalra Chapal Kumar Das Department of Chemistry Dayanand Anglo-Vedic (D.A.-V.) College Kanpur India Materials Science Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India

Nowadays with ever increasing demand of energy, developing of alternative power sources is an important issue all over the world. In this respect we have prepared nanocomposites based on metal oxide (titanium oxide) coated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/polyaniline (PANI) with graphene and without graphene and studied their electrochemical performance. The formation of the polymer in the nanocomposites was confirmed by the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) study. The morphological characterisations were carried out by the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). To characterize the prepared nanocomposites electrode, a cyclic voltammetry test for measuring specific capacitance, and an impedance test were conducted. The highest value of specific capacitance obtained for the TiO2 coated MWCNTs/PANI nanocomposite was 443.57 F/g at 2 mV/s scan rate. Upon addition of graphene nanosheet to the TiO2 coated MWCNTs in a weight ratio of (9:1) the specific capacitance value increased to 666.3 F/g at the same scan rate, also resulting in an increase in energy density and power density.

关键词： Supercapacitors polyaniline Nanocomposites Graphene Nanosheet

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Effect of Camphor Sulfonic Acid Doping on Structural, Morphological, Optical and Electrical Transport Properties on polyaniline-ZnO Nanocomposites

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Soft Nanoscience Letters 2012年第3期2卷 46-53页

作者： S. L. Patil M. A. Chougule S. G. Pawar Shashwati Sen V. B. Patil Crystal Technology Section Technical Physics Division BARC Mumbai (MS) India Materials Research Laboratory School of Physical Sciences Solapur University Solapur (MS) India

In the present work, we report on effect of camphor sulfonic acid (CSA) doping on polyaniline-ZnO (50%) nanocomposites prepared by spin coating method on glass substrates. The XRD analysis revealed that the addition of CSA has no effect on crystallinity of PANi-ZnO nanocomposites. Surface morphological studies (SEM) showed that CSA has a strong effect on morphology of PANi-ZnO. The FTIR & UV-Vis spectroscopy confirmed the interaction between CSA and PANi-ZnO nanocomposite. DC electrical conductivity studies showed an increase in conductivity of PANi-ZnO nanocomposites by one order due to addition of CSA (10% - 50%).

关键词： polyaniline Zinc Oxide XRD SEM FTIR UV-Vis

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Synthesis and Characterization of Perfluorooctanoic Acid Anionic Surfactant Doped Nanosize polyaniline

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Open Journal of Synthesis Theory and Applications 2014年第4期3卷 57-68页

作者： B. Mahalakshmi C. Vedhi Department of Chemistry V.O. Chidambaram College Thoothukudi India

Surfactant doped polyaniline was synthesized in the aqueous solution of aniline and anionic surfactant of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFO) by chemical synthesis using potassium peroxy disulphate as an oxidant by varying the aniline to surfactant ratio. The solubility of the chemically prepared surfactant doped polyaniline (PANI) was ascertained and it showed good solubility in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), acetone, acetonitrile, ethanol, aceticacid, trichloroethylene, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, ethylacetate, diethylether, toluene, chloroform and sparingly soluble in n-hexane and water. The prepared polymers were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible, X-ray diffraction (XRD), cyclic voltammetric (CV), EIS and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The analysis of UV-visible and FTIR showed that aniline has been polymerized to PANI in its conducting emeraldine form. FTIR spectra showed that the peaks at 1670, 3315 and 1400 cm-1 corresponded to PFO. FTIR spectra showed that amine peak observed at 1593 cm-1 was shifted to lower wave number due to the interaction between PANI and the surfactant. SEM analysis showed that the variation in morphology of doped PANI was predominantly dependent on the concentration of the surfactant. Elemental analysis was done by energy dispersive spectroscopic (EDAX) which shows the presence of C, N, O, S and F. XRD pattern showed that the formation of nanosized (18 nm) and crystalline polymer. CV studies of the synthesized polymer exhibited good adherent behavior on electrode surface. It exhibited three oxidation peaks at approximately 0.283 V, 0.541 V and 0.989 V and two reduction peaks at 0.1421 and 0.3854 V. Electrical conductivity of PFO doped PANI was studied by impedance spectroscopic method.

关键词： polyaniline Perfluorooctanoic Acid Cyclic Voltammetry Morphology Electrical Conductivity

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Effect of TiO2Thin Film Morphology on polyaniline/TiO2Solar Cell Efficiency

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World Journal of Nano Science and Engineering 2015年第2期5卷 41-48页

作者： Amer N. J. Al-Daghman K. Ibrahim Naser M. Ahmed Kareema M. Zaidan Nano-Optoelectronic Research and Technology Laboratory School of Physics University Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang Malaysia Physics Department Collage of Science University of Basrah Basrah Iraq

Nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films were prepared by using sol-gel through spin- coating method. An assembly of indium tin oxide (ITO)/TiO2/polyaniline (PANI)/Ag was made in a sandwich panel structure. The obtained junction shows rectifying behavior. Additionally, the I/V characteristic indicates that a P-N junction at nanocrystalline PANI/TiO2 interface has been created. In this experimental study, we depended only on the ratio between titanium and PANI in the process of preparing sol-gel (PANi/TiO2 at 20% wt). The largest open circuit voltage of 656 mV and short current density of 0.00315 mΑ/cm2 produce 0.0004% power conversion solar cell (η) under simulated solar radiation (50 mW/cm2). The thin films of PANI and titanium oxide (TiO2)/ PANI composites were synthesized by sol-gel technique. Pure TiO2 powder with nanoparticle size of less than 25 nm and PANI were synthesized through chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline monomers. The composite films were characterized by high resolution X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field effect scanning electron microscopy, and UV-vis spectroscopy. The results were compared with the corresponding data on pure PANI films. The intensity of diffraction peaks for PANI/TiO2 composites is lower than that for TiO2. The characteristic of the FTIR peaks of pure PANI shifts to a higher wave number in TiO2/PANI composite, which is attributed to the interaction of TiO2 nanoparticles with PANI molecular chains.

关键词： TiO2 polyaniline Crystal Structure Solar Cells

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Spectroscopic, Kinetic Studies of polyaniline-Flyash Composite

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2011年第2期1卷 37-44页

作者： Raju Khan Puja Khare Bimala Prasad Baruah Ajit Kumar Hazarika Nibaran Chandra Dey 不详

polyaniline-fly ash (PANI-FA) composites were prepared by oxidative polymerization of aniline with fly ash in presence of ammonium persulphate (APS). The PANI-FA composites were prepared with different concentrations of fly ash to aniline ratio. The composites, so prepared, were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The thermal stability was studied by TGA and total weight loss of PANI, FA and PANI-FA composites having FA composition of 0.02%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0% were found to be 82%, 39.%, 67% 65%, 62% and 61%, respectively. The UV-vis spectroscopy of the PANI-FA polymeric composite shows absorption maxima at 315 and 350 nm (due to π-π* transition of the benzenoid rings), and 578-712 nm (due to charge transfer excitations of the quinoid structure), which are characteristic of emeraldine base. FTIR spectra of the PANI-FA composite is similar to that of pure polyaniline (PANI) but with the bands for C=N, C=C and C-N shifted to lower wave numbers, i.e., 1585, 1494, 1327 and 1113 cm?1 due to strong interaction of Fe2O3 and PANI matrix. SEM shows the complexation of metal oxide with emaraldine base of PANI, significantly changing the aggregate state of polymeric molecular chain.

关键词： polyaniline Fly-Ash TGA UV-Vis Spectroscopy FT-IR Kinetic Study and SEM

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Development of a Novel Reusable Real Time Monitoring Glucose Sensor Based on Nanostructured Conducting polyaniline (NSPANI)

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International Journal of Organic Chemistry 2013年第1期3卷 87-103页

作者： Ruchika Chauhan Deepshikha Saini Tinku Basu Amity Institute of Biotechnology Amity University Noida India. Amity Institute of Nanotechnology Amity University Noida India.

A novel mediatorless reusable glucose biosensor with a remarkable shelf life has been fabricated on electrodeposited film of chemically synthesized nanostructured polyaniline (NSPANI) on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass plates using cyclic voltammetry. Glucose oxidase has been covalently immobilized on electrodeposited NSPANI film to fabricate a glucose bioelectrode (GOx/NSPANI-SDS/ITO). The results of linear sweep voltammetry and the high value of heterogeneous rate constant as obtained using Laviron equation indicates that GOx/NSPANI-SDS/ITO bioelectrode can detect glucose in the range of 0.5 to 10.00 mM with high sensitivity of 13.9 μA?mM?1 with a fast response time of 12 seconds. The linear regression analysis of bioelectrode reveals standard deviation and correlation coefficient of 6 μA and 0.994, respectively. The low value of Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) estimated as 0.28 mM using Lineweaver-Burke plot indicates high affinity of glucose oxidase enzyme to glucose and transfer rate. The GOx/NSPANI-SDS/ITO bioelectrode exhibits uniform activity for 12 weeks under refrigerated conditions;however the study is further going on. Attempts have been made to utilize this electrode for estimation of glucose in blood serum and results are found to be within 11% error. The unique features of this novel electrode lie on its reusability, real time monitoring, reproducibility and remarkable shelf life apart from the wide linear range, high sensitivity, low Km value, high heterogeneous electron-transfer constant etc.

关键词： Glucose Biosensor Nanostructured polyaniline Reusability Real Time Monitoring and Electrodeposition

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Removal of Cesium on polyaniline Titanotungstate as Composite Ion Exchanger

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2012年第1期2卷 166-179页

作者： I.M. El-Naggar E. S. Zakaria I. M. Ali M. Khalil M. F. El-Shahat 不详

polyaniline titanotungstate (PATiW) was synthesized by the sol-gel method. Adsorption isotherm studies of Cs+ from aqueous solution are described. Elemental Composition, chemical solubility, ion-exchange capacity (IEC) and pH titration are studied. Distribution coefficients (Kd) for ten metal ions have been determined. It was found that the polyaniline titanotungstate has high affinity and high selectivity for Cs+. The material was high separation of Cs+ from other metal ions. The adsorbent capacity was determined using the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models. The Cs+ adsorption isotherm data fit best to the Freundlich isotherm model. The maximum Cs+ uptake of polyaniline titanotungstate was found 217 mg/g. A column tests were performed to determine the breakthrough curves with varying bed depths and flow rates in different solutions. The results show that the half breakthrough time increases proportionally with increasing bed depths. Kinetic studies for removal cesium from milk were investigated.

关键词： Synthesis Separation polyaniline Titanotungstate Cesium

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Electrochemical Synthesis of Three-Dimensional polyaniline Network on 3-Aminobenzenesulfonic Acid Functionalized Glassy Carbon Electrode and Its Application

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2010年第3期1卷 102-112页

作者： Lei Zhang Qiuhua Lang Zhige Shi 不详

The electrochemical synthesis of three-dimensional (3D) polyaniline (PAN) network structure on 3-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (ABSA) functionalized glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and its electro-catalytic oxidation towards ascorbic acid (AA) had been studied. ABSA was first covalently grafted on GCE surface via the direct electrochemical oxidation of ABSA on GCE, which was followed by the electrochemical polymerization of aniline on the ABSA functionalized GCE. Then PAN-ABSA composite film modified GCE (PAN-ABSA/GCE) was obtained. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electrochemical techniques had been employed to characterize the obtained electrodes. Due to the effective doping of ABSA in PAN, the redox electro-activity of PAN had been extended to neutral and even the basic media, thus, the PAN-ABSA composite film modified GCE could be used for electro-catalytic oxidation of AA in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS, pH 6.8). At PAN-ABSA/GCE the oxidation over-potential of AA shifted from 0.39 V at GCE to 0.17 V with a greatly enhanced current response. The electro-catalytic oxidation peak current of AA increased linearly with the increasing AA concentration over the range of 5.00 × 10-4-1.65 × 10-2 M with a correlation coefficient of 0.9973. The detection limit (S/N = 3) for AA was 1.16 × 10-6 M. Chronoamperometry had also been employed to investigate the electro-catalytic oxidation of AA at PAN-ABSA/GCE. The modified electrode had been used for detecting AA in real samples with satisfactory results.

关键词： polyaniline 3-Aminobenzenesulfonic Acid Ascorbic Acid Aniline Electrochemical Polymerization

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