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Energy and environmental life-cycle assessment of passenger car electrification based on Beijing driving patterns

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2015年第4期58卷 659-668页

作者： WANG He Wu ZHANG Xiao Bin OUYANG Ming Gao State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy Tsinghua University Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing

This paper examines the energy and environmental benefits within the whole life cycle shifting from traditional gasoline vehicles to electrified advanced vehicles under regional real-world driving behaviors. The advance vehicles focus on family passenger cars and include battery electric vehicles （BEVs）, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles （PHEVs）, and hybrid electric vehicles （HEVs）. The GREET （greenhouse gases, regulated emissions, and energy use in transportation） model is adopted with regional circumstances modifications, especially the UF （utility factors） of PHEVs. The results show that the electrified vehicles offer great benefits concerning energy consumption, greenhouse gas （GHG） emissions as well as urban Particulate Matter 2.5 （pmz.s） emissions. Compared to conventional gasoline vehicles, the life-cycle total energy reduction for advance vehicles is 51% to 57%. There is little difference on energy reduction among the HEVs, PHEVs and BEVs, with the energy mix shifting from petroleum to coal for the stronger electrification. The reductions of GHG emissions are 57% for HEV, 54% to 48% for PHEVs with 10 miles to 40 miles CD range, and 40% for BEV. The life-cycle and local pm2.5 emissions are discussed separately. The life-cycle pm2.5 emissions increase with vehicle electrification and reach a maximum for the BEV which are 5% higher than the conventional vehicle （CV）. However, electric vehicles can shift pm2.5 emissions from vehicle operation to upstream operations and help mitigate pm2.5 emissions in urban areas. The local emissions of PHEVs and BEVs can be reduced by 37% to 81% and 100% compared with CVs.

关键词： electric vehicle greenhouse gas emissions pm2.5 emissions Beijing driving pattern

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Impacts of fuel feeding methods on the thermal and emission performance of modern coal burning stoves

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第3期12卷 160-167页

作者： Riaz Ahmad Yuguang Zhou Nan Zhao Crispin Pemberton-Pigott Harold John Annegarn Muhammad Sultan Renjie Dong Xinxin Ju Bioenergy and Environmental Science and Technology Laboratory College of EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100083China National Center for International Research of BioEnergy Science and Technology Ministry of Science and TechnologyBeijing 100083China School of Geo-and Spatial Sciences Private Bag X6001North-West University2520 PotchefstroomSouth Africa Department of Agricultural Engineering Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityBosan RoadMultan 60800Pakistan Yantai Institute China Agricultural UniversityNo.2006 Binhai ZhongluLaishan DistrictYantaiShandong Province 264670China Shandong Sino-March Environmental Technology Co. Ltd.Yantai 264006China

The extensive use of traditional cooking and heating stoves to meet domestic requirements creates a serious problem of indoor and outdoor air *** study reports the impacts of two fuel feeding methods-front-loading and top-loading on the thermal and emissions performance of a modern coal-fired water-heating and cooking stove using a contextual test sequence that replicates typical patterns of domestic *** as a low-pressure boiler,when this stove was fueled with raw coal,the findings indicate that front-loading the fuel,which devolatilizes the new fuel gradually,produced consistently higher space heating efficiency and lower emission factors than top-loading the same stove,which devolatilizes new fuel all at *** the performance at both high and low power gave the similar results:front-loading with raw coal produced consistently better results than *** average water heating efficiency when front-loading was(58.6±2.3)%and(53.4±1.8)%for *** the sixteen-hour test sequence,front-loading produced 22%lower emissions of pm2.5(3.9±0.6)mg/MJNET than top-loading(4.7±0.9)mg/*** same pattern was observed for carbon monoxide and the CO/CO2 *** was reduced from(5.0±0.4)g/MJNET to(4.1±0.5)g/*** combustion efficiency(CO/CO2 ratio)improved from(8.2±0.8)%to(6.6±0.6)%.Briquetted semi-coked coal briquettes are promoted as a raw coal substitute,and the tests were replicated using this ***,the same pattern of improved performance was *** loading produced 3.5%higher heating efficiency,10%lower CO and a 0.9%lower CO/CO2 *** is concluded that,compared with top loading,the manufacturers recommended front-loading refueling behavior delivered better thermal,emissions and combustion performance under all test conditions with those two fuels.

关键词： stoves front-loading top-loading refueling domestic coal thermal efficiency pm2.5 emissions semi-coked coal briquettes

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