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Individual and joint exposures to pm2.5 constituents and mortality risk among the oldest-old in China

Science China Life Sciences 2024年第12期67卷 2692-2700页

作者： Yaqi Wang Yang Yuan Shaocai Mo Fang Wang Jing Wei Yao Yao Yi Zeng Yunquan Zhang Institute of Social Development and Health Management Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control School of Public Health Wuhan University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Bao'an District Songgang People's Hospital School of Public Health Xuzhou Medical University Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center University of MarylandCollege Park China Center for Health Development Studies Peking University Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies National School of Development Peking University

Cohort evidence linking long-term survival of older adults with exposure to fine particulate matter(pm2.5) constituents remains scarce in China. By constructing a dynamic cohort based on the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study, we aimed to assess the individual and joint associations of major pm2.5constituents with all-cause death in Chinese oldest-old（≥80 years） adults. Time-dependent Cox proportional hazards models were adopted to estimate death risks of long-term exposure to pm2.5constituents. Among 14,884 participants,totaling 56,342 person-years of follow-up, 12,346 deaths were identified. The highest mortality risk associated with an interquartile range（IQR） increase in exposure was 1.081（95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.055–1.108） for sulfate(IQR=4.1 μg m-3), followed by 1.078（95% CI:1.056–1.101） for black carbon(IQR=1.6 μg m-3), 1.056（95% CI: 1.028–1.084） for ammonium(IQR=3.2 μg m-3), 1.050（95% CI: 1.021–1.080） for nitrate(IQR=5.8 μg m-3), and 1.049（95% CI: 1.024–1.074） for organic matter(IQR=10.3 μg m-3). In joint exposure, each IQRequivalent rise of all five pm2.5constituents was associated with an 8.2%（95% CI: 4.0%–12.6%） increase in mortality risk. The weight analysis indicated the predominant role of sulfate and black carbon in driving pm2.5-related mortality. Octogenarians（aged 80–89 years） and rural dwellers were at significantly greater risk of mortality from individual and joint exposures to pm2.5constituents. This study suggests that later-life exposure to pm2.5constituents, particularly sulfate and black carbon, may curtail long-term survival of the oldest-old in China.

关键词： particulate air pollution pm2.5 constituents mortality oldest-old Chinese cohort study joint exposure

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