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Contaminant Removal of Domestic Wastewater by Constructed Wetlands： Effects of plant species

Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2007年第4期49卷 437-446页

作者： Qiong Yang Zhang-He Chen Jian-Gang Zhao Bin-He Gu College of Life Sciences South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 China Everglades Division South Florida Water Management District West Palm Beach Florida 33406 USA

A comparative study of the efficiency of contaminant removal between five emergent plant species and between vegetated and unvegetated wetlands was conducted in small-scale （2.0 m×1.0 m×0.7 m, lengthxwidthxdepth） constructed wetlands for domestic wastewater treatment in order to evaluate the decontaminated effects of different wetland plants. There was generally a significant difference in the removal of total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP）, but no significant difference in the removal of organic matter between vegetated and unvegetated wetlands. Wetlands planted with Canna indica Linn., Pennisetum purpureum Schum., and Phragmites communis Trin. had generally higher removal rates for TN and TP than wetlands planted with other species. plant growth and fine root （root diameter ≤ 3 mm） biomass were related to removal efficiency. Fine root biomass rather than the mass of the entire root system played an important role in wastewater treatment. Removal efficiency varied with season and plant growth. Wetlands vegetated by P. purpureum significantly outperformed wetlands with other plants in May and June, whereas wetlands vegetated by P. communis and C. indica demonstrated higher removal efficiency from August to December. These findings suggest that abundance of fine roots is an important factor to consider in selecting for highly effective wetland plants. It also suggested that a plant community consisting of multiple plant species with different seasonal growth patterns and root characteristics may be able to enhance wetland performance.

关键词： constructed wetlands contaminants domestic wastewater plant species removal efficiency total N total P.

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Distribution of plant species and species-soil relationship in the east central Gurbantunggut Desert, China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2015年第1期25卷 101-112页

作者： AN Ping LI Xiangjun ZHENG Yuanrun ENEJI A. Egrinya QIMAN Yunus ZHENG Mingqing INANAGA Shinobu Arid Land Research Center Tottori University Tottori 680-0001 Japan Hebei Academy of Forestry Science Shijiazhuang 050061 China Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology Institute of Botany CAS Beijing 100093 China Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agriculture Forestry and Wildlife Resources Management University of Calabar Nigeria College of Horticulture Xinjiang Agricultural University Urumqi 830052 China Institute of Technologists 333 Maetani Gyouda-shi Saitama 361-0038 Japan

The distribution of plant species and relationships between species and soil factors in the east central part of Gurbantunggut Desert was studied to provide more insight into the flora and determine differences in vegetation across various parts of the desert. Two-way Cluster Analysis showed that the vegetation in the area could be divided into three groups, the first group was dominated by the shrub species, Ephedra przewalskii and the grass species, Carex physodes mainly in areas of flat grounds and gentle slopes; the second group was dominated by C. physodes, Artemisia songorica and A. xerophytica mainly on the slope of sand dunes and the third group was dominated by the shrub species, Haloxylon persicum mainly on the top of sand dunes. There was no difference in plant density between Groups 1 and 2 but there was a significant decrease in Group 3. Soil water under vegetation Group 3 was much lower than that in the other two groups at all soil depths. The EC, organic matter, total P and soluble Na, Ca and Mg varied very similarly with soil water. Canonical corre- spondence analysis （CCA） satisfactorily assessed the species-soil relations in the area. The distribution of plant species was strongly correlated with the soil factors of water content, organic matter, EC and nutrients. The variations in species occurrence explained by the three CCA axes were about 70%, indicating that some explanatory site variables may exist outside our studied parameters. Soil texture is suggested to be included in future studies to improve the explanation of CCA.

关键词： distribution plant species soil Gurbantunggut Desert China

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Sorption of ammonium and phosphate from aqueous solution by biochar derived from phytoremediation plants

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2013年第12期14卷 1152-1161页

作者： Zheng ZENG Song-da ZHANG Ting-qiang LI Feng-liang ZHAO Zhen-li HE He-ping ZHAO Xiao-e YANG Hai-long WANG Jing ZHAO Muhammad Tariq RAFIQ Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Ningbo Raw Water Group Co. Ltd. Indian River Research and Education Center Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Florida School of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang A&F University

The study on biochar derived from plant biomass for environmental applications is attracting more and more attention. Twelve sets of biochar were obtained by treating four phytoremediation plants, Salix rosthornii Seemen, Thalia dealbata, Vetiveria zizanioides, and Phragmites sp., sequentially through pyrolysis at 500 °C in a N2 environment, and under different temperatures(500, 600, and 700 °C) in a CO2 environment. The cation exchange capacity and specific surface area of biochar varied with both plant species and pyrolysis temperature. The magnesium(Mg) content of biochar derived from T. dealbata(TC) was obviously higher than that of the other plant biochars. This biochar also had the highest sorption capacity for phosphate and ammonium. In terms of biomass yields, adsorption capacity, and energy cost, T. dealbata biochar produced at 600 °C(TC600) is the most promising sorbent for removing contaminants(N and P) from aqueous solution. Therefore, T. dealbata appears to be the best candidate for phytoremediation application as its biomass can make a good biochar for environmental cleaning.

关键词： Biochar Nutrient removal plant species Pyrolysis temperature Water quality

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Responses of plant Community and Soil Properties to Inter-Annual Precipitation Variability and Grazing Durations in a Desert Steppe in Inner Mongolia

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第6期13卷 1171-1182页

作者： WANG Zhen YUN Xiang-jun WEI Zhi-jun Michael P Schellenberg WANG Yun-feng YANG Xia HOU Xiang-yang Grassland Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Department of Grassland Science College of Ecology and Environmental ScienceInner Mongolia Agricultural University Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Center (SPARC) Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

Grazing can dramatically affect arid grassland communities that are very vulnerable to environmental changes due to its relatively short and sparse ground coverage, low biomass, sandy soil and inter-annual precipitation found in the desert steppe. The study investigates the effects of different grazing durations on vegetation and soil properties of a desert steppe community. The experiment was conducted in Xisu Banner in Inner Mongolia with ifve treatments：CG （continuous grazing）, 40UG （40 d ungrazed）, 50UG （50 d ungrazed）, 60UG （60 d ungrazed） and UG （ungrazed）. The biomass of both shrub and annual-biennial plant communities were signiifcantly decreased by CG. Continuous grazing and 40UG signiifcantly reduced the ANPP （aboveground net primary productivity） by the end of the three year study. 60UG treatment increased soil organic carbon （OC）, total nitrogen concentration （TN） and total phosphorus concentration （TP） concentrations and 50UG increased the TN and total phosphorus concentration （TK） concentrations, whereas CG, 40UG and 50UG decreased soil OC, TP and available phosphorus concentration （AP） concentrations. The perennial plant species of the desert steppe were generally tolerant for grazing. The annual-biennial plant species had large variability in ANPP because of the inter-annual precipitation. Our results highlight that inter-annual precipitation variations could strongly modify the community responses to grazing in arid ecosystems.

关键词： ANPP plant species plant fimctional group soil nutrient

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The effects of fresh and rapid desiccated tissue on estimates of Ophiopogoneae genome size

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plant Diversity 2016年第4期38卷 190-193页

作者： Guangyan Wang Yongping Yang School of Life Sciences The Province Key Laboratory of the Biodiversity Study and Ecology Conservation in Southwest AnhuiAnqing Normal University Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences

Fresh plant material is usually used for genome size estimation by flow cytometry(FCM). Lack of fresh material is cited as one of the main reasons for the dearth of studies on plants from remote locations.Genome sizes in fresh versus desiccated tissue of 16 Ophiopogoneae species and five model plant species were estimated. Our results indicated that desiccated tissue was suitable for genome size estimation; this method enables broader geographic sampling of plants when fresh tissue collection is not feasible. To be useful, after dessication the Ophiopogoneae sample should be green without brown or yellow markings;it should be stored in deep freezer at à80C, and the storage time should be no more than 6 months.

关键词： Ophiopogoneae model plant species Genome size Fresh tissue Desiccated tissue

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Distribution and Chemical Composition of Monocarpic plants of the Apiaceae Family in Tien Shan Mountain

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American Journal of plant Sciences 2022年第2期13卷 265-276页

作者： Ilkhom Uktamovich Mukumov Murtoza Abdivalievich Hasanov Yulduzoy Erkin Kizi Ikromova Tolibjon Mukimov Department of Botany Samarkand State University Samarqand Uzbekistan Department of Biology and Its Teaching Methods Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute Jizzakh Uzbekistan Samarkand State University Samarqand Uzbekistan

The article presents materials on the distribution and data on the chemical composition of monocarpic plants of the Apiaceae family in the Tien Shan Mountains.

关键词： Monocarpic plants Chemical Composition Mountain Apiaceae Family plant species

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Analysis of plant Diversity of Iranian Oak Ecosystem Using Multivariate Statistical Methods (Case Study: Javanrod City-Kermanshah City)

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Open Journal of Ecology 2016年第9期6卷 545-553页

作者： Ali Khansari Nematollah Khorasani Mahdi Ramezani Bahman Shams Esphandabad Department of Environmental Science Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran Department of Environmental Science Arak Branch Islamic Azad University Arak Iran

In this research diversity of plant species in ecosystem units in an oak habitat of Zagros forests was investigated. For this purpose data on vegetation in 60 sample plots were recorded. Multivariate statistical methods were used to determine ecosystem units. Combined methods of cluster analysis and two-way indicator species analysis were used for determining ecosystem units. To investigate the diversity gradient between ecosystem units, different methods of ordination including principal component analysis and detrended correspondence analysis were used. According to analysis 4 ecosystem units were determined. The diversity was calculated by using Simpson, Shanon, Macintosh, Margalof and Manhanic. Also the Manhanik index has created the most distinction among groups in comparison to other indexes.

关键词： plant species Ecosystems Oak Habitats Zagros

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Uptake of Organic Contaminants by plants from Oil Sands Fine Tailings

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2003年第1期10卷 19-24页

作者： XU Jing gang,LI Shu qin,SHAN De xin (Faculty of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin,Heilongjiang,150030,PRC) Faculty of Resources and Environmental Sciences Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang150030PRC

The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the performance of different plant species growing in different kinds of oil sands fine tailings,and to estimate the uptake of organic contaminants by plants from the oil sands fine tailings.In general,total hydrocarbon in the plant could be ranked(beginning with the highest)as:unweathered plant 4 tailings (UWT),Freeze Thawtailings(FT),weathered plant 4 tailings(WT),and consolidated tailings(CT) for the willow,poplar and cattails.For grass,CT amended with tailings sand and muskeg had the highest hydrocarbon level in the field treatment,however,other three kinds of tailings(FT,WT and UWT) had lower but similar to each other hydrocarbon levels.

关键词： plant species oil sand fine tailings hydrocarbon uptake

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Local Perceptions on the Status,Values and Conservation and Ethnobotanical Implications of Medicinal and Multipurpose plants in and Around Selected Church Forests in Central Ethiopia

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Research in Ecology 2020年第3期2卷 13-31页

作者： Eguale Tadesse Ethiopian Environment and Forest Research Institute(EEFRI) 24536 Addis AbabaEthiopia

Societies have varied attitude and perception on the forest resources nearby them.Ethnobotanical knowledge should be integrated with biophysical studies in order to be used for managing and conserving forests.The objectives of the study were to assess the existing knowledge about the uses of plant species and to examine the plant species.Three sites were selected around central Ethiopia encompassing three church forests.Focus group discussion,questionnaire-based social survey and vegetation inventory were undertaken.The focus group discussants were selected from traditional healers,elders of the society,development agents,and people who are knowledgeable about the vegetation of the areas.Voucher specimens were collected for those species difficult to identify.The data analysis was done by descriptive statistics using Excel 2010 and SPSS v20.The results indicated agricultural expansion,charcoal making and fuel wood as the major causes of deforestation in Site 1,Site 2 and Site 3 respectively.Religious preaching was stated by group discussants as the most effective solution to reverse the degradation and to protect the church forests.The plant species have varied uses as traditional medicine,food,construction wood,household utensils,and firewood but higher percent of the mentioned species were used either for human or livestock medicine.Sørensen similarity index indicated Site 1 and Site 2 have 12.5%,Site 1 and Site 3 have 10.9%and Site 2 and Site 3 have 43.5%similarities.Documenting the wealth of indigenous knowledge and in situ conservation of the plant species are key recommendations.

关键词： Agricultural expansion plant species Traditional healers Traditional medicine Vegetation inventory

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Identification and Selection of Regional plants withPotential for Phytoremediation in Abandoned Open PitTailing Dams

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2020年第2期9卷 56-65页

作者： Luis Miguel Rodríguez Vázquez Ana Irán Prieto Valles Ramón Silva Vázquez Héctorávalos Loya EduardoHerrera Peraza Emilio Yanez Terrazas Francisco Rueda Ever Ulysses Torres Carrillo Leonor CortésPalacios Gilberto Sandino Aquino Department of Chemical Engineering Tecnológico Nacional de México-Instituto Tecnológico de ParralHidalgo del ParralChihuahua 33850México Department of Renewable Energies and Environmental Protection Centro de Investigación en Materiales AvanzadosS.C.ChihuahuaChihuahua 31109México Faculty of Zootechnics and Ecology Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua(UACH)ChihuahuaChihuahua 31000México

The degree of adaptability and phytoremediation potential of the plant species, Zacate Garrapata, Zacate Banderita, Chivatillo, Oregano, Chamizo and Sotol were evaluated on different substrates (S) composed of tailing (JM) and agricultural land (TA) in different proportions in mass: S1 = 100% TA, S2 = 100% JM, S3 = 50% TA and 50 % JM, S4 = 25% JM and 75% TA, S5 = 75% JM and 25% TA. With the combination of species and substrates, 30 treatments were generated. The heavy metals evaluated were Pb, As, Cu. Fe, Cr and Zn, in root, leaf and stem. The results showed significant statistical differences (p species being the ones with the highest degree of adaptability and accumulation of heavy metals in interaction with S3. These two species can be used in the remediation of open pit tailing dam.

关键词： Adaptability plant species substrate mix heavy metals abandoned tailing dams

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