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Molecular mechanisms underlying phosphate sensing, signaling, and adaptation in plants

Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2014年第3期56卷 192-220页

作者： Zhaoliang Zhang Hong Liao William J.Lucas Department of plant Biology College of Biological Sciences University of California State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources Root Biology Center South China Agricultural University

As an essential plant macronutrient, the low availability of phosphorus （p） in most soils imposes serious limitation on crop production. plants have evolved complex responsive and adaptive mechanisms for acquisition, remobilization and recycling of phosphate （pi） to maintain p homeostasis. Spatio-temporal molecular, physiological, and biochemical pi deficiency responses developed by plants are the consequence of local and systemic sensing and signaling pathways. pi deficiency is sensed locally by the root system where hormones serve as important signaling components in terms of developmental reprogramming, leading to changes in root system architecture. Root-to-shoot and shoot-to-root signals, delivered through the xylem and phloem, respectively, involving pi itself, hormones, miRNAs, mRNAs, and sucrose, serve to coordinate pi deficiency responses at the whole-plant level. A combination of chromatin remodeling, transcriptional and posttranslational events contribute to globally regulating a wide range of pi deficiency responses. In this review, recent advances are evaluated in terms of progress toward developing a comprehen- sive understanding of the molecular events underlying control over p homeostasis. Application of this knowledge, in terms of developing crop plants having enhanced attributes for p use efficiency, is discussed from the perspective of agricultural sustainability in the face of diminishing global p supplies.

关键词： Adaptation crop engineering strategies hormone networks local and long-distance sensing phosphate p use efficiency stress responses systemic signaling transcriptional regulation transport systems

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Soil phosphorus availability and rice phosphorus uptake in paddy fields under various agronomic practices

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pedosphere 2021年第1期31卷 103-115页

作者： Bingshen JIANG Jianlin SHEN Minghong SUN Yajun HU Wenqian JIANG Juan WANG Yong LI Jinshui WU Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological processes in Subtropical Region and Changsha Research Station for Agricultural&Environmental Monitoring Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Biological and Food Engineering Huanghuai UniversityZhumadian 463000China College of Resources&Environment Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China

Agronomic practices affect soil phosphorus(p) availability, p uptake by plants, and subsequently the efficiency of p use. A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of various agronomic practices(straw incorporation, paddy water management, nitrogen(N) fertilizer dose, manure application,and biochar addition) on soil p availability(e.g., soil total p(STp), soil available p(SAp), soil microbial biomass p(SMBp), and rice p uptake as well as p use efficiency(pUE)) over four cropping seasons in a rice-rice cropping system, in subtropical central China. Compared to the non-straw treatment(control,using full dose of chemical N fertilizer), straw incorporation increased SAp and SMBp by 9.3%–18.5% and 15.5%–35.4%, respectively;substituting half the chemical N fertilizer dose with pig manure and the biochar application increased STp, SAp, and SMBp by 10.5%–48.3%, 30.2%–236.0%, and 19.8%–72.4%,respectively, mainly owing to increased soil p and organic carbon inputs;adding a half dose of N and no N input(reduced N treatments) increased STp and SAp by 2.6%–7.5% and 19.8%–33.7%, respectively, due to decreased soil p outputs. Thus, soil p availability was greatly affected by soil p input and use. The continuous flooding water regime without straw addition significantly decreased SMBp by 11.4% compared to corresponding treatments under a mid-season drainage water regime. Total p uptake by rice grains and straws at the harvest stage increased under straw incorporation and under pig manure application, but decreased under the reduced N treatments and under biochar application at a rate of 48 t ha-1, compared to the control. Rice p uptake was significantly positively correlated with rice biomass, and both were positively correlated with N fertilizer application rates, SAp, SMBp, and STp. phosphorus use efficiency generally increased under straw incorporation but decreased under the reduced N treatments and under the manure application(with excessive p input), compa

关键词： biochar manure fertilizer nutrient management p use efficiency paddy soil straw incorporation water regime

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Influences of Biochar and Biochar-Mineral Complex on Mycorrhizal Colonisation and Nutrition of Wheat and Sorghum

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pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 686-695页

作者： paul BLACKWELL Stephen JOSEpH paul MUNROE Hossain M.ANAWAR paul STORER Robert J.GILKES Zakaria M.SOLAIMAN Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia Geraldton Regional Office School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South WalesSydney Discipline of Chemistry University of Newcastle University of Wollongong School of Earth and Environment and UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia Australian Mineral Fertilisers pty Ltd. Soil Biology and Molecular Ecology Group School of Earth and Environment and UWA Institute of AgricultureThe University of Western Australia

The high price of synthetic fertilisers and the price barrier for biochar as a soil amendment have encouraged the exploration of using biochar in fertiliser replacement formulations. Biochars coupled with fertilisers can be applied at lower application rates to achieve benefits in plant growth and nutrition, as well as soil biological fertility. It is necessary to evaluate the use of biochar as a fertiliser substitute. Therefore, this study investigated the comparative influences of biochars, including Acacia saligna （AS）, Simcoa jarrah （S J） and Wundowie jarrah （W J）, mineral fertiliser with microbes （MF ＋ M）, biochar-mineral complex （BMC） and their combination on mycorrhizal colonisation, growth and nutrition of wheat in a glasshouse experiment and sorghum in field conditions. BMC ＋ MF ＋ M treatment produced higher mycorrhizal colonisation than MF ＋ M alone, indicating that BMC had a significant role in increasing mycorrhizal colonisation. SJ （treated with acetic acid） and MF ＋ M treatments, as well as AS ＋ MF ＋ M application, showed similar effects on mycorrhizal colonisation, but lower colonisation than the BMC ＋ MF ＋ M treatment. Ovcrall~ the BMC ＋ MF ＋ M treatment supported the maximum shoot, root and total plant dry weight followed by AS ＋ MF ＋ M and WJ ＋ MF ＋ M. The MF ＋ M treatment had the maximum shoot N and K concentrations, while BMC ＋ MF ＋ M application had the maximum shoot p concentration. AS ＋ MF -4- M and WJ ＋ MF ＋ M treatments supported the maximum N uptake by wheat shoots, while BMC ＋ MF ＋ M supported the maximum p uptake. The results showed that biochars and BMCs could increase mycorrhizal colonisation, plant growth and nutrient uptake of wheat, particularly N, p, K, S and Zn. The field experiment confirmed that BMC application at a rate of 300 kg ha-1 could increase the yield of irrigated sorghum on a loam soil and provide better applied p use efficiency compared to a water-soluble fertiliser alone. These results indicated that biochar-based fer

关键词： carbon sequestration nutrient uptake p use efficiency soil biological fertility wheat production

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Detection of the Quantitative Trait Loci with AFLp and RFLp Markers for phosphorus Uptake and use efficiency in Rice

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2000年第3期42卷 229-233页

作者：吴平倪俊健浙江大学生命科学学院生物科学系杭州华家池310029 浙江大学农业与生物技术学院农学系杭州华家池310029

To identify genetic factors underlying phosphorus (p) uptake and use efficiency under low_p stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.), 84 selected genotypes (recombinant inbred lines) and their parents (which differed in tolerance for low_p stress) “IR20” and IR55178_3B_9_3, were cultured in liquid medium supplemented with adequate and low p levels in a greenhouse. plants were sampled after 6 weeks in culture for measurements of plant dry weight, p concentration, p uptake and p use efficiency under both p sufficient and stress conditions. A total of 179 molecular markers, including 26 RFLps and 153 AFLps, mapped on all 12 chromosomes of rice based on the 84 selected genotypes were used to detect the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying tolerance for low_p stress. Three QTLs were detected on chromosomes 6, 7 and 12, respectively, for relative plant dry weight (RpDW) and relative p uptake (RpUp). One of the QTLs flanked by RG9 and RG241 on chromosome 12 had a major effect which explained about 50% of the variations in the two parameters across the population. The results coincided with the QTLs for low_p stress based on relative tillering ability from the same population from a cross between Nipponbare and Kasalath under soil condition. The identical major QTL for p uptake and plant growth under low_p stress in both liquid medium and soil strongly suggests that the ability of p uptake mainly controls rice tolerance for low_p stress.

关键词： Oryza sativa quantitative trait loci p uptake p use efficiency

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