检索结果-南通市图书馆

plant phosphorus uptake in a Soybean-Citrus Intercropping System in the Red Soil Hilly Region of South China

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

pedosphere 2009年第2期19卷 244-250页

作者： ZHOU Wei-Jun ZHANG Yang-Zhu WANG Kai-Rong LI He-Song HAO Yin-Ju LIU Xin College of Resources and Environment Hunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 China Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences Changsha 410125 China

A field microplot experiment was conducted in the red soil hilly region of South China to evaluate plant phosphorus (p)uptake under soybean and citrus monoculture and the soybean-citrus intercropping system using the 32p tracer technique.p fertilizer was applied at three depths(15,35,and 55 cm).The experimental results showed that the planting pattern and 32p application depth significantly affected the characteristics of p uptake by soybean and *** the soybean-citrus intercropping system,considerable competition was observed when the 32p fertilizer was applied to the topsoil(15 cm);therefore,the 32p recovery rate declined by 41.5%and 14.7%for soybean and citrus,and 32p supplying amount of topsoil to soybean and citrus decreased by 346.8 and 148.1 mg plot-1,respectively,compared to those under the ***,32p recovery of soybean was promoted when 32p fertilizer was applied to the deeper soil layers (35 and 55 cm)under soybean-citrus *** the soybean monoculture,32p fertilizer could hardly be used by soybean when 32p fertilizer was applied at the 55 cm depth or below,with the recovery rate being less than 0.1%;it was up to 0.253%by soybean under *** higher p recovery of soybean under soybean-citrus intercropping when p was applied in the deeper soil layers was because part of the p nutrient that the citrus absorbed from the deeper soil layers could be released into the topsoil and then it could be used by the soybean.

关键词： citrus intercropping monoculture p uptake soybean

Biochar and Compost Increase Crop Yields but the Effect is Short Term on Sandplain Soils of Western Australia

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 720-728页

作者： David J.M.HALL Richard W.BELL Department of Agriculture and Food School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University

Sandplain soils on the south coast of Western Australia have low inherent fertility, which is mainly due to poor nutrient retention caused by insufficient clay and organic colloidal material. previous research has shown the benefits in nutrient levels and retention from adding clay to sandplain soils; however, there is almost no information on the addition of organic amendments. A field experiment was established at the Esperance Downs Research Station, Western Australian, in May 2010, to assess the effects of wheat straw(WS) and chicken manure(CM) biochars and compost with and without phosphorus(p) addition on soil properties and crop production over five growing seasons. The five seasons alternated between winter and summer crops. The CM and WS biochar and compost treatments significantly increased crop yields and p uptake in 3, 2 and 1 of the five seasons, respectively. The yield increases(p p yields were found that could be attributed to the organic amendments. The addition of p increased crop yields in each winter cropping season. phosphorus addition explained more than 30%of the variation in crop yields. Despite marginal p levels and summer drought conditions, arbuscular mycorrhizal root colonisation was not affected by the organic amendments. There were no significant interactions between the organic amendments and p addition in terms of crop yields, p uptake or p uptake efficiency. We conclude that much of the effect of the organic amendments was due to direct nutrient addition which dissipated over time.

关键词： mycorrhizal root colonisation nutrient retention organic amendments p addition p uptake

Effects of Enriched Biochars Containing Magnetic Iron Nanoparticles on Mycorrhizal Colonisation,plant Growth,Nutrient uptake and Soil Quality Improvement

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 749-760页

作者： Stephen JOSEpH Hossain M.ANAWAR paul STORER paul BLACKWELL Chee CHIA Yun LIN paul MUNROE Scott DONNE Josip HORVAT Jianli WANG Zakaria M.SOLAIMAN School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South WalesSydney Discipline of Chemistry University of Newcastle Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials and School of physics University of Wollongong Soil Biology and Molecular Ecology Group School of Earth and Environment (M087) and UWA Institute of AgricultureFaculty of ScienceThe University of Western Australia Australian Mineral Fertilisers pty Ltd. Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia Geraldton Regional Office Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials University of Wollongong

At present, there is little commercial sale of biochar, since farmers find they can not gain a return on their investment in this amendment in the first few years after its application, because of the high cost associated with large application rates. To overcome this constraint, development of artificially aged enriched biochar-mineral complexes(BMCs), having a higher mineral content, surface functionality, exchangeable cations, high concentration of magnetic iron(Fe) nanoparticles, and higher water-extractable organic compounds has been undertaken by a combined team of researchers and a commercial company. Two biochars produced under different pyrolysis conditions were activated with a phosphoric acid treatment. A mixture of clay, chicken litter, and minerals were added to the biochar, and then this composite was torrefied at either 180 or 220?C. In this study a pot experiment was carried out in glasshouse conditions to determine the effects of four different BMCs, with different formulations applied at rates of 100 and 200 kg ha-1, on the mycorrhizal colonisation, wheat growth and nutrient uptake, and soil quality improvement. It was found that the phosphorus(p) and nitrogen uptake in wheat shoots were significantly greater for a low application rate of BMCs(100 kg ha-1). The present formulation of BMC was effective in enhancing growth of wheat at low application rate(100 kg ha-1). The increase in growth appeared due to an increase in p uptake in the plants that could be partly attributed to an increase in mycorrhizal colonisation and partly due to the properties of the BMC.

关键词： biochar-mineral complexes Fe nanoparticles p uptake redox reactions

Growth and phosphorus uptake of Oat (Avena nuda L.) as Affected by Mineral Nitrogen Forms Supplied in Hydroponics and Soil Culture

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

pedosphere 2009年第3期19卷 323-330页

作者： FAN Ming-Shou LI Zhen WANG Feng-Mei ZHANG Jian-Hua College of Agronomy Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010019 （China） Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong （China）

plants show different growth responses to N sources supplied with either NH4^＋ or NO3^-. The uptake of different N sources also affects the rhizosphere pH and therefore the bioavallability of soil phosphorus, particularly in alkaline soils. The plant growth, p uptake, and p availability in the rhizosphere of oat （Arena nuda L.） grown in hydroponics and in soil culture were investigated under supply with sole NH4^＋-N, sole NO3-N, or a combination. Sole NO^- -fed oat plants accumulated more biomass than sole NH4^＋ -fed ones. The highest biomass accumulation was observed when N was supplied with both NH^＋ -N and NO3^- -N. Growth of the plant root increased with the proportion of NO3^- in the cultural medium. Better root growth and higher root/shoot ratio were consistently observed in NO3^- fed plants. However, root vigor was the highest when N was supplied with NO3^- ＋NH4^＋. NH4^＋ supply reduced the rhizosphere pH but did not affect p uptake by plants grown in soils with CaHpO4 added as p source. No p deficiency was observed, and plant p concentrations were generally above 2 g kg^-1. p uptake was increased when N was supplied partly or solely as NO3^--N, similarly as biomass accumulation. The results suggested that oat was an NO3-preferring plant, and NO3^- -N was essential for plant growth and the maintenance of root absorption capacity. N supply with NH4^＋ -N did not improve p nutrition, which was most likely due to the absence of p deficiency.

关键词： alkaline soils nitrogen nutrition oat (Arena nuda L.) p uptake rhizosphere pH

Detection of the Quantitative Trait Loci with AFLp and RFLp Markers for phosphorus uptake and Use Efficiency in Rice

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Acta Botanica Sinica 2000年第3期42卷 229-233页

作者：吴平倪俊健浙江大学生命科学学院生物科学系杭州华家池310029 浙江大学农业与生物技术学院农学系杭州华家池310029

To identify genetic factors underlying phosphorus (p) uptake and use efficiency under low_p stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.), 84 selected genotypes (recombinant inbred lines) and their parents (which differed in tolerance for low_p stress) “IR20” and IR55178_3B_9_3, were cultured in liquid medium supplemented with adequate and low p levels in a greenhouse. plants were sampled after 6 weeks in culture for measurements of plant dry weight, p concentration, p uptake and p use efficiency under both p sufficient and stress conditions. A total of 179 molecular markers, including 26 RFLps and 153 AFLps, mapped on all 12 chromosomes of rice based on the 84 selected genotypes were used to detect the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying tolerance for low_p stress. Three QTLs were detected on chromosomes 6, 7 and 12, respectively, for relative plant dry weight (RpDW) and relative p uptake (RpUp). One of the QTLs flanked by RG9 and RG241 on chromosome 12 had a major effect which explained about 50% of the variations in the two parameters across the population. The results coincided with the QTLs for low_p stress based on relative tillering ability from the same population from a cross between Nipponbare and Kasalath under soil condition. The identical major QTL for p uptake and plant growth under low_p stress in both liquid medium and soil strongly suggests that the ability of p uptake mainly controls rice tolerance for low_p stress.

关键词： Oryza sativa quantitative trait loci p uptake p use efficiency

uptake of Organic phosphorus by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Red Clover

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

pedosphere 2002年第2期12卷 103-110页

作者： SONGYONGCHUN p.CHRISTIE DepartmentofplantNutrition CollegeofAgriculturalResourcesandEnvironmentalSciencesChinaAgriculturalUniversityBeijing100094（China） DepartmentofAgriculturalandEnvironmentalScience The

The capacities of two arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, Glomusmosseae and Glomus versiforme, to mineralize added organic p werestudied in a sterilized clacareous soil. Mycorrhizal (inoculated witheither of the AM fungi) and non-mycorrhizal red clover (Trifoliumpratense L.) plants were grown for eight weeks in pots with upperroot, central hyphal and lower soil compartments. The hyphal and soilcompartments received either organic p (as Na-phytte) or inorganic p(as KH_2pO_4) at the rate of 50 mg p kg^-1. No p was added to theroot compartments.

关键词： arbuscular mcorrhiza organic p p uptake red clover

Utilization of Nano Rock phosphate by Maize （Zea mays L.） Crop in a Vertisol of Central India

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2014年第5期4卷 384-394页

作者： Tapan Adhikari Samaresh Kundu Vasudeb Meena Anangi Subba Rao Environmental Soil Science Division Indian Institute of Soil Science Bhopa1462038 M.P. lndia

An attempt was made in the present investigation to utilize the vast deposit of rock phosphate （Rp） of India by preparing nano Rp using modem tool of nano-science and nano-technology for field application to maize crop （Zea mays L.）. To evaluate the efficacy of different nano Rp, a field experiment was conducted during kharif season （June to September） of 2012 at India Institute of Soil Science （IISS）, Bhopal, taking maize as a test crop. The experiment consisted of five treatments （control, NK （100%）, NpK （100%）, NK （I00%）＋ 60 kg p205） as nano Rp through Udaipur nano Rp （34% p205） and Udaipur nano Rp （31% p205） were tested in randomized block design with four replications. The results showed that the shelling percentage, 1,000 grain weight, grain and stover yield, etc., were significantly higher in the maize plant treated with Udaipur nano Rp （34% p205） as compared to the control, which was being at par with single super phosphate （SSp） treated plants. The total p content and its uptake were higher （0.65% and 40.29 kg/ha） in SSp treated plant, which was closely followed by Udaipur nano Rp 34% （0.63% and 38.29 kg/ha） over the control （0.60% and 27.82 kg/ha）. The SSp treated plants had significantly highest apparent p recovery （47.98%） which was comparable to Udaipur nano Rp （34% p205）, where as the Udaipur nano Rp （31% p205） had the lowest. The additional N and K uptake by the plant was also observed with application of p sources, which were ranged from 16.5 kg/ha to 37.2 kg/ha and 27.9 kg/ha to 64.7 kg/ha under different p treatments. These results showed that crop utilization of p from nano Rp was at par with that of p from SSp while yield response to p from nano Rp was marginally lower than to p from SSp but serve as a cheaper source.

关键词： Nano Rp p uptake biomass yield apparent phosphorus recovery.

Effects of N, p and K on Output and Nutrient Cycle of Vegetables in Greenhouses

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Agricultural Science & Technology 2013年第7期14卷 1011-1016页

作者：朱静华李玉华李明悦高伟天津市农业资源与环境研究所天津300192

ObjectiveThe aim was to increase farmers’ income and reduce the waste of fertilizer by exploring effects of N, p and K fertilizations on vegetable yields and the accumulation of N, p and K in vegetable and soils. MethodThe fertilization tests were conducted on tomato, cauliflower and celery in greenhouses. ResultWhen N, p and K were not applied in tomato, cauliflower or celery, the yields reduced in 6.0%-13.8% and total annual income reduced by 39 220, 36 902 and 22 023 yuan/hm 2 respectively, suggesting that N, p and K are limiting factors of yield. The absorbed N amounts of tomato and cauliflower were higher compared with celery; the absorbed p amount of cauliflower was higher compared with tomato and celery; the absorbed K amount of tomato was the highest, followed by celery and cauliflower. The absorbed N in tomato fruit was lower than that of cauliflower and the absorbed N amount of other parts of tomato was also lower. Furthermore, the absorbed amounts of p and K by tomato and cauliflower fruits were higher than it absorbed by the other parts, especially the absorbed of K was significantly high. Total absorbed amounts of N, p and K from high to low were cauliflower, tomato and celery. After harvesting of tomato, cauliflower and celery, N, p and K in soils were all higher compared with soils before planting. Influenced by fertilizers, residual N content in soils grown with tomato and residual p content in soils grown with celery both doubled compared with base soils. Cauliflower plants were not applied with organic fertilizer, and residual N and K contents in soils were lower compared with tomato and celery. ConclusionResidual p content in soils is higher, which is a kind of waste and would cause pollution on soils. It is necessary to improve the proportion of organic and inorganic fertilizers in fertilization.

关键词： Rotation system of greenhouse vegetable Yield N uptake p uptake K uptake Soil residues