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Biochar and Compost Increase Crop Yields but the Effect is Short Term on Sandplain Soils of Western Australia

pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 720-728页

作者： David J.M.HALL Richard W.BELL Department of Agriculture and Food School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University

Sandplain soils on the south coast of Western Australia have low inherent fertility, which is mainly due to poor nutrient retention caused by insufficient clay and organic colloidal material. previous research has shown the benefits in nutrient levels and retention from adding clay to sandplain soils; however, there is almost no information on the addition of organic amendments. A field experiment was established at the Esperance Downs Research Station, Western Australian, in May 2010, to assess the effects of wheat straw(WS) and chicken manure(CM) biochars and compost with and without phosphorus(p) addition on soil properties and crop production over five growing seasons. The five seasons alternated between winter and summer crops. The CM and WS biochar and compost treatments significantly increased crop yields and p uptake in 3, 2 and 1 of the five seasons, respectively. The yield increases(p p yields were found that could be attributed to the organic amendments. The addition of p increased crop yields in each winter cropping season. phosphorus addition explained more than 30%of the variation in crop yields. Despite marginal p levels and summer drought conditions, arbuscular mycorrhizal root colonisation was not affected by the organic amendments. There were no significant interactions between the organic amendments and p addition in terms of crop yields, p uptake or p uptake efficiency. We conclude that much of the effect of the organic amendments was due to direct nutrient addition which dissipated over time.

关键词： mycorrhizal root colonisation nutrient retention organic amendments p addition p uptake

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Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on leaf nutrient concentrations and nutrient resorption efficiency of two dominant alpine grass species

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Journal of Arid Land 2021年第10期13卷 1041-1053页

作者： LIU Yalan LI Lei LI Xiangyi YUE Zewei LIU Bo State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert Grassland Ecosystems Cele 848300China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shandong provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Conservation and Environmental protection College of Resources and EnvironmentLinyi UniversityLinyi 276000China

Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(p)are two essential nutrients that determine plant growth and many nutrient cycling *** N and p deposition is an important driver of ecosystem ***,in contrast to numerous studies about the impacts of nutrient addition on forests and temperate grasslands,how plant foliar stoichiometry and nutrient resorption respond to N and p addition in alpine grasslands is poorly ***,we conducted an N and p addition experiment(involving control,N addition,p addition,and N+p addition)in an alpine grassland on Kunlun Mountains(Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China)in 2016 and 2017 to investigate the changes in leaf nutrient concentrations(i.e.,leaf N,Leaf p,and leaf N:p ratio)and nutrient resorption efficiency of Seriphidium rhodanthum and Stipa capillata,which are dominant species in this *** showed that N addition has significant effects on soil inorganic N(NO_(3)^(-)-N and NH_(4)^(+)-N)and leaf N of both species in the study *** with green leaves,leaf nutrient concentrations and nutrient resorption efficiency in senesced leaves of *** was more sensitive to N addition,whereas N addition influenced leaf N and leaf N:p ratio in green and senesced leaves of ***.N addition did not influence N resorption efficiency of the two species.p addition and N+p addition significantly improved leaf p and had a negative effect on p resorption efficiency of the two species in the study *** influences on plants can be explained by increasing p *** present results illustrated that the two species are more sensitive to p addition than N addition,which implies that p is the major limiting factor in the studied alpine grassland *** addition,an interactive effect of N+p addition was only discernable with respect to soil availability,but did not affect ***,exploring how nutrient characteristics and resorption response to N and p addition in the a

关键词： leaf nutrient concentration nutrient resorption efficiency leaf N:p ratio N addition p addition Seriphidium rhodanthum Stipa capillata

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Responses of Soil CO_2, CH_4 and N_2O Fluxes to N, p, and Acid additions in Mixed Forest in Subtropical China

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2017年第2期8卷 154-164页

作者：高文龙杨浩李胜功寇亮生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101 中国科学院大学中国北京100049

Understanding how nitrogen（N） availability interacts with soil acidity and phosphorus（p） availability to affect soil-atmosphere exchanges in CO_2, CH_4 and N_2O in forest ecosystems is important for understanding the mechanisms driving ecosystem responses to enhanced N deposition. Here, we conducted an experiment with N, p and acid（H） addition in a mixed forest in subtropical China to investigate how acid and p addition affects CO_2, CH_4 and N_2O exchange under N addition. Our results showed that soil NH4^＋-N and NO3^--N increased after N addition, but CO_2 emissions in N addition plots remained unaffected. CH_4 uptake in N–, p–, Np–, NH– and NpH–addition plots were reduced by 21.1%, 15.7%, 39.1%, 26.6%, and 28.4%, respectively. CH_4 uptake in Np–addition plots were lower compared to N–addition and p–addition plots, indicating that N and p addition had an additive effect on inhibiting CH_4 uptake. N_2O emission in N–, Np–, NH– and NpH–addition plots increased by 158.6%, 176.0%, 117.2%, and 91.8%, respectively. N_2O emissions in NpH–addition plots were lower compared to Np–addition plots while showed no difference between N–addition and NH–addition plots. This suggests that only under p rich conditions, acid addition would greatly mitigate N_2O emissions under N addition. Our results demonstrate that for N and p co-limited forest ecosystems with acidic soils, low p availability constrains the inhibition of soil CH_4 uptake by N deposition. When p availability is low, a weak soil acidation induced by N deposition may have less influence on the stimulation of N_2O emissions by N deposition.

关键词： greenhouse gas N deposition acid addition p addition subtropical forest

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