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Dissection of heterotic loci for grain yield using interconnected chromosome segment substitution lines in rice

The Crop Journal 2022年第2期10卷 323-331页

作者： Chaopu Zhang Yongjian Sun Dianwen Wang Wenqiang Sun Yuye Yu Zhongli Hu Sibin Yu National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice College of Life ScienceWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina

Heterosis contributes greatly to crop production, but the genetic basis of heterosis is not fully *** identify heterotic loci(HLs) for grain yield, 12 yield traits were evaluated in four rice(Oryza sativa L.)mapping populations: one parental population of chromosome segment substitution lines derived from a cross between the japonica cultivar Nipponbare and indica cultivar 9311 and three connected test populations in either a homozygous 9311 genetic background or a heterozygous background. A total of 390 HLs were detected for the measured traits in two environments. The genetic bases of heterosis differed between the backcross and testcross populations. At least 10 HLs were confirmed in F1 hybrids between9311 and near-isogenic lines, each of which carried a heterotic locus of interest in the same 9311 background. All 10 showed overdominant or dominant effects on grain yield and yield components. Among them, three were verified as being associated with yield heterosis and colocalized in the same regions as those containing previously reported heterosis-associated genes. Five HLs were identified to be promising candidate loci that could be used to achieve more than 15% yield heterosis in several commercial rice hybrids. These findings suggest the potential of indica or japonica introgression for increasing yield in hybrid rice breeding programs.

关键词： Rice Heterotic loci Grain yield overdominance Commercial hybrids

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Genetic Components of Heterosis for Seedling Traits in an Elite Rice Hybrid Analyzed Using an Immortalized F2 Population

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2016年第2期43卷 87-97页

作者： Dan Zhu Gang Zhou Caiguo Xu Qifa Zhang National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement National Center of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWtthzm 430070China

Utilization of heterosis has greatly contributed to rice productivity in China and many Asian countries. Superior hybrids usually show heterosis at two stages： canopy development at vegetative stage and panicle development at reproductive stage resulting in heterosis in yield. Although the genetic basis of heterosis in rice has been extensively investigated, all the previous studies focused on yield traits at maturity stage. In this study, we analyzed the genetic basis of heterosis at seedling stage making use of an ＂immortalized F2＂ population composed of 105 hybrids produced by intercrossing recombinant inbred lines （RILs） from a cross between Zhenshan 97 and Minghui 63, the parents of Shanyou 63, which is an elite hybrid widely grown in China. Eight seedling traits, seedling height, tiller number, leaf number, root number, maximum root length, root dry weight, shoot dry weight and total dry weight, were investigated using hydroponic culture. We analyzed single-locus and digenic genetic effects at the whole genome level using an ultrahigh-density SNP bin map obtained by population re-sequencing. The analysis revealed large numbers of heterotic effects for seedling traits including dominance, over- dominance and digenic dominance （epistasis） in both positive and negative directions. overdominance effects were prevalent for all the traits, and digenic dominance effects also accounted for a large portion of the genetic effects. The results suggested that cumulative small advantages of the single-locus effects and two-locus interactions, most of which could not be detected statistically, could explain the genetic basis of seedling heterosis of the F1 hybrid.

关键词： Heterosis Seedling trait Immortalized F2 overdominance Digenic dominance

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An auxin signaling gene ***7 contributes to the ideal plant architecture and yield heterosis in rapeseed

An auxin signaling gene ***7 contributes to the ideal plant ...

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中国作物学会油料作物专业委员会第八次会员代表大会暨学术年会

作者： LI Hai-tao LI Juan-juan SONG Ju-rong ZHAO Bo GUO Chao-cheng WANG Bo ZHANG Qing-hua WANG Jing LIU Ke-de National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University

Plant architecture is the key factor affecting overall yield in many *** genetic basis underlying plant architecture in rapeseed(Brassica napus),a key global oil crop,is *** this study,we characterized an EMS-mutagenized rapeseed mutant,sca,which had multiple phenotypic alterations,including crinkled leaves,a semi-dwarf stature,narrow branch angles,and upward-standing *** identified the underlying gene,which encodes an Aux/IAA protein(***7).A G-to-A mutation changed the glycine residue at the 84 th position to glutamic acid(G84 E),disrupting the conserved degron motif GWPPV and reducing the affinity between ***7 and TIR1(TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1) in an auxin dosage-dependent *** change repressed the degradation of ***7 and thus prevented auxin signaling at low levels of auxin,which enhanced the gravitropic response and reduced the length of internodes and the branch *** heterozygote +/sca possessed an ideal plant architecture,displaying strong yield heterosis in the single-locus overedominant manner by improving multiple component *** findings demonstrate that a weak gain-of-function mutation in ***7 contributes to yield heterosis by improving plant architecture and would be valuable for breeding hybrid cultivars of rapeseed,and such a mutation may increase yield in other indeterminate branching crops.

关键词： Aux/IAA protein ideal plant architecture overdominance rapeseed single-locus heterosis

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甘蓝型油菜杂种优势遗传分析(英文)

甘蓝型油菜杂种优势遗传分析(英文)

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第十二届国际油菜大会

作者： Mladen Radoev Heiko Becker Wolfgang Ecke Department of Crop Sciences Georg-August University GttingenVon-Siebold-Str 837075 GttingenGermany Department of Crop Sciences Georg-August University GttingenVon-Siebold-Str 837075 GttingenGermany Department of Crop Sciences Georg-August University GttingenVon-Siebold-Str 837075 GttingenGermany

在许多植物中,自交系间杂交产生的杂交种在许多性状上优于亲本,这种被称为杂种优势的现象大多在产量和产量稳定性或生物量等复杂性状上表现,但在产量相关性状和形态性状上也能观察得到。随着杂种品种的生产,杂种优势在包括油菜在内的许... 详细信息

在许多植物中,自交系间杂交产生的杂交种在许多性状上优于亲本,这种被称为杂种优势的现象大多在产量和产量稳定性或生物量等复杂性状上表现,但在产量相关性状和形态性状上也能观察得到。随着杂种品种的生产,杂种优势在包括油菜在内的许多作物的育种中应用非常成功,然而对杂种优势现象的基础研究还不是很深入。为了阐明油菜杂种优势的遗传基础,采用双单倍体作图群体及其与测验种MSL-Express测交的后代,对与杂种优势有关的籽粒产量、千粒重、早期和晚期植株生物量的QTL进行了研究。这个作图群体含有250个双单倍体系,来自于冬油菜栽培品种‘Express’和合成种‘R53’杂交产生的强优势组合。利用SSR和AFLP标记通过多元回归和混合线性模型的复合区间作图法,构建了含188个标记的遗传图谱。油菜早期植株生物量的杂种优势研究试验在温室进行,四次重复;株高（作为后期植株生物量的一个指标）、籽粒总产量和千粒重则在四个不同地点进行田间试验。以上两个试验都采取不完全区组设计,包括双单倍体群体和该群体与测验种MSL-Express测交产生的F1杂种。用温室试验和田间试验的数据进行QTL定位,鉴定出了油菜杂种优势相关位点的位置,并评估了它们的遗传效应以及显性、超显性和上位性等不同的基因效应对杂种优势表达的相对贡献。

关键词： Brassica napus rapeseed heterosis QTL dominance overdominance

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