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Articular cartilage and osteochondral tissue engineering techniques:Recent advances and challenges

Bioactive Materials 2021年第12期6卷 4830-4855页

作者： Wenying Wei Honglian Dai State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei ProvinceWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China International School of Materials Science and engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory Xianhu Hydrogen ValleyFoshan528200China

In spite of the considerable achievements in the field of regenerative medicine in the past several decades,osteochondral defect regeneration remains a challenging issue among diseases in the musculoskeletal system because of the spatial complexity of osteochondral units in composition,structure and functions.In order to repair the hierarchical tissue involving different layers of articular cartilage,cartilage-bone interface and subchondral bone,traditional clinical treatments including palliative and reparative methods have showed certain improvement in pain relief and defect filling.It is the development of tissue engineering that has provided more promising results in regenerating neo-tissues with comparable compositional,structural and functional characteristics to the native osteochondral tissues.Here in this review,some basic knowledge of the osteochondral units including the anatomical structure and composition,the defect classification and clinical treatments will be first introduced.Then we will highlight the recent progress in osteochondral tissue engineering from perspectives of scaffold design,cell encapsulation and signaling factor incorporation including bioreactor application.Clinical products for osteochondral defect repair will be analyzed and summarized later.Moreover,we will discuss the current obstacles and future directions to regenerate the damaged osteochondral tissues.

关键词： osteochondral tissue engineering Cartilage tissue engineering Gradient scaffold Bioreactors

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Integrated gradient tissue-engineered osteochondral scaffolds:Challenges,current efforts and future perspectives

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第2期20卷 574-597页

作者： Xiaolian Niu Ning Li Zhipo Du Xiaoming Li Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing100083China Department of Orthopedics The Fourth Central Hospital of Baoding CityBaoding072350China

The osteochondral defect repair has been most extensively studied due to the rising demand for new therapies to diseases such as osteoarthritis.tissue engineering has been proposed as a promising strategy to meet the demand of simultaneous regeneration of both cartilage and subchondral bone by constructing integrated gradient tissue-engineered osteochondral scaffold(IGTEOS).This review brought forward the main challenges of establishing a satisfactory IGTEOS from the perspectives of the complexity of physiology and microenvironment of osteochondral tissue,and the limitations of obtaining the desired and required scaffold.Then,we comprehensively discussed and summarized the current tissue-engineered efforts to resolve the above challenges,including architecture strategies,fabrication techniques and in vitro/in vivo evaluation methods of the IGTEOS.Especially,we highlighted the advantages and limitations of various fabrication techniques of IGTEOS,and common cases of IGTEOS application.Finally,based on the above challenges and current research progress,we analyzed in details the future perspectives of tissue-engineered osteochondral construct,so as to achieve the perfect reconstruction of the cartilaginous and osseous layers of osteochondral tissue simultaneously.This comprehensive and instructive review could provide deep insights into our current understanding of IGTEOS.

关键词： osteochondral tissue engineering Integrated gradient tissue-engineered osteochondral scaffold(IGTEOS) tissue-engineered strategies Fabrication techniques Evaluation

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Evaluation of an extracellular matrix-derived acellular biphasic scaffold/cell construct in the repair of a large articular high-load-bearing osteochondral defect in a canine model

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Chinese Medical Journal 2011年第23期124卷 3930-3938页

作者： YANG Qiang PENG Jiang LU Shi-bi GUO Quan-yi ZHAO Bin ZHANG Li WANG Ai-yuan XU Weng-jing XIA Qun MA Xin-long HU Yong-cheng XU Bao-shan Institute of Orthopedics Chinese People＇s Liberation Army General Hospital Beijing 100853 China

osteochondral lesion repair is a challenging area of orthopedic surgery. Here we aimed to develop an extracellular matrix-derived, integrated, biphasic scaffold and to investigate the regeneration potential of the scaffold loaded with chondrogenically-induced bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） in the repair of a large, high-load-bearing, osteochondral defect in a canine model. Methods The biphasic scaffolds were fabricated by combining a decellularization procedure with a freeze-drying technique and characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and micro-computed tomography （micro-CT）. osteochondral constructs were fabricated in vitro using chondrogenically-induced BMSCs and a biphasic scaffold, then assessed by SEM for cell attachment. osteochondral defects （4.2 mm （diameter） ×6 mm （depth）） were created in canine femoral condyles and treated with a construct of the biphasic scaffold/chondrogenically-induced BMSCs or with a cell-free scaffold （control group）. The repaired defects were evaluated for gross morphology and by histological, biochemical, biomechanical and micro-CT analyses at 3 and 6 months post-implantation. Results The osteochondral defects of the experimental group showed better repair than those of the control group. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the macroscopic and histologic grading scores of the experimental group were always higher than those of the control group, and that the scores for the experimental group at 6 months were significantly higher than those at 3 months. The cartilage stiffness in the experimental group （6 months） was （6.95±0.79） N/mm, 70.77% of normal cartilage; osteochondral bone stiffness in the experimental group was （158.16±24.30） N/mm, 74.95% of normal tissue; glycosaminoglycan content of tissue-engineered neocartilage was （218±21.6） tJg/mg （dry weight）, 84.82% of native cartilage. Micro-CT analysis of the subchondral bone showed mature trabecular bone regularly formed at 3 and 6 months, with no significant difference between the experimenta

关键词： osteochondral tissue engineering extracellular matrix bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell biphasic scaffold micro-computed tomography

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