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Enhanced UV-B radiation during pupal stage reduce body mass and fat content, while increasing deformities, mortality and cell death in female adults of solitary bee osmia bicornis

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Insect Science 2015年第4期22卷 512-520页

作者： Oskar Wasielewski Tatiana Wojciechowicz Karol Giejdasz Natraj Krishnan Institute of Zoology Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS 39762 USA Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry Poznan University of Life Sciences Poznan Poland Department of Biochemistry Molecular Biology Entomology and Plant Pathology Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS 39762 USA

The effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on the oogenesis and morpho- anatomical characteristics of the European solitary red mason bee osmia bicornis L. （Hy- menoptera： Megachilidae） were tested under laboratory conditions. Cocooned females in the pupal stage were exposed directly to different doses （0, 9.24, 12.32, and 24.64 kJ/m2/d） of artificial UV-B. Our experiments revealed that enhanced UV-B radiation can reduce body mass and fat body content, cause deformities and increase mortality. Following UV exposure at all 3 different doses, the body mass of bees was all significantly reduced compared to the control, with the highest UV dose causing the largest reduction. Similarly, following UV-B radiation, in treated groups the fat body index decreased and the fat body index was the lowest in the group receiving the highest dose of UV radiation. Mortality and morphological deformities, between untreated and exposed females varied considerably and increased with the dose of UV-B radiation. Morphological deformities were mainly manifested in the wings and mouthparts, and occurred more frequently with an increased dose of UV. Cell death was quantified by the Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） assay （DNA fragmentation） during early stages of oogenesis of O. bicornis females. The bees, after UV-B exposure exhibited more germarium ceils with fragmented DNA. The TUNEL test indicated that in germarium, low doses of UV-B poorly induced the cell death during early development. However, exposure to moderate UV-B dose increased programmed cell death. In females treated with the highest dose of UV-B the vast majority of germarium cells were TUNEL-positive.

关键词： osmia bicornis ovary development radiation TUNEL UV-B

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Laboratory rearing of solitary bees and wasps

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Insect Science 2016年第6期23卷 918-923页

作者： Mira C. Becker Alexander Keller Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology Biocenter University of Wurzburg Wurzburg Germany

Ecological experiments often require standardized methods that exclude natural variation and allow manipulation of a single parameter. It has been shown that domesticated honey bee larvae are raisable in a controlled environment. Here we demonstrate that this approach is also transferable to wild solitary bees and wasps without inducing negative effects on their development. Wells may also be supplemented with the antibiotic substance oxytetracycline to control the presence of bacteria. The method thus provides a useful tool to investigate offspring recruitment and larval development in solitary bees and wasps, plus their responses to manipulation of factors as for example diets, toxins and microbiota.

关键词： diet manipulation ecotoxicology larval ontogeny osmia bicornis oxytetracycline pathogens

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