检索结果-南通市图书馆

Expression and regulation of orphan receptor TR2 mRNA in germ cells of cryptorchid testis in rat and rhesus monkey

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第8期45卷 720-725页

作者： GUO Caixia HU Zhaoyuan ZOU Rujin MU Xiaomin LIU Yixun State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences.Kunming 650223China

Expression and cellular localization of orphan receptor TR2 mRNA in relation to germ cell apoptosis in cryptorchid testes of rat and rhesus monkey have been studied by using in situ hybridization and in situ 3’-end labeling of DNA fragments (T躈EL). The results show that: (i) TR2 mRNA is specifically expressed in the germ cells, mainly in the spermatocytes, round and elongated spermatids. The expression level of TR2 mRNA varies with the seminiferous cycle. (ii) in the rat cryptorchid testes on days 3 and 5 after the surgery, the germ cells began to undergo apoptosis with no evident decrease in TR2 mRNA level. On day 7.5, however, most germ cells underwent apoptosis, while the expression level of TR2 mRNA declined markedly, and TR2 mRNA was rarely expressed on day 10 thereafter. (iii) On days 15 and 20 of the cryptorchid testes of rhesus monkey, TR2 mRNA was only expressed in a few of primary spermatocytes and the mRNA was almost undetectable on days 30, 45, 60. These results suggest that TR2 mRNA

关键词： orphan receptor TR2 in situ hybridization cryptorchidism spermatogenesis apoptosis.

Expression of orphan receptor TR2 mRNA in rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)testis

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第10期44卷 927-930页

作者： Xiaomin Mu Yixun Liu Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool State Key Lab Reprod Biol Beijing 100080 Peoples R China

The cellular localization and expression of TR2 mRNA in rhesus monkey testis were investigated by the methods of in situ and Northern hybridization using the digoxigenin labeled in vitro transcripted cRNA probe from a TR2 cDNA fragment template and α-32P-dCTP labeled cDNA probe from the same TR2 cDNA fragment. It is demonstrated that TR2 mRNA was localized specifically in the germ cells, and was predominantly expressed in the meiotic more advanced cells. The expression level was various in different seminiferous tubules, and there was stronger expression in the tubules where spermatogenesis was vigorously going on. The expression level of TR2 mRNA was low in the immature rhesus monkey testis and increased dramatically in the adult and varied with a seminiferous cycle. These data suggest for the first time that orphan receptor TR2 may have an important function in regulating spermatogenesis at later stages of germ cell development in rhesus monkey.

关键词： orphan receptor TR2 hybridization localization expression spermatogenesis rhesus monkey.

Localization of orphan receptor TR3 mRNA in early developmental follicles in rat

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第12期45卷 1122-1127页

作者： Haizhen Liu Yixun Liu Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool State Key Lab Reprod Biol Beijing 100080 Peoples R China

By in situ hybridization, the localization of orphan receptor TR3 mRNA has been observed in early developmental follicles. TR3 mRNA is first expressed in the ovarian interstitial cells on day 2 after birth, and then in granulosa cells (GC) in primary follicles on day 4. The expression level of TR3 mRNA in GC increases following the follicular development. Its higher expression can be observed in the outer layer of GC and inner layer of theca cells (TC) on day 6, where the cells present active proliferation and differentiation. The expression of TR3 is in an increasing manner until the large antral follicles on day 30. The mRNA is only expressed in the healthy, but not atretic follicles in adult rat ovaries. Injection of epidermal growth factor (EGF) has dramatically enhanced its expression in the early stage of developmental follicles. It is therefore suggested that TR3 may play a role in regulating growth and differentiation of ovarian somatic cells in the early stage, and its expression is regulated

关键词： orphan receptor TR3 in situ hybridization follicular development granulosa cells epidermal growth factor.

Employing orphan Nodes to Avoid Energy Holes in Wireless Sensor Networks

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Communications and Network 2013年第3期5卷 625-630页

作者： Sepideh Zareei Elham Babaee Rosli Salleh Saeed Moghadam Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Faculty of Electrical IT and Computer Sciences Qazvin Islamic Azad University Qazvin Iran

When energy consumption by wireless sensor nodes gets off balance, partitions in the network appear because several of the nodes stop functioning. The respective network’s lifetime also diminishes. This problem is commonly known as the “hot spot” or “energy hole” phenomenon. To resolve this issue, a Multi-Hop Decentralized Cluster-Based Routing (MDCR) protocol is proposed. This algorithm uses orphan nodes as intermediate nodes to form inter-cluster multi-hop routing and balance the energy consumption among sensor nodes. Simulation experiments have shown that MDCR is significantly better at prolonging network lifetime compared to the Adaptive Decentralized Re-Clustering Protocol.

关键词： Wireless Sensor Networks Clustering Energy Efficiency orphan Nodes

Risky Sexual Behavior and Its Determinants among orphan and Vulnerable Children in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of AIDS 2016年第4期6卷 111-122页

作者： Ayana Chimdessa Fite Amsale Cherie College of Health Science Debre Berhan University Debre Berhan Ethiopia Department of Nursing and Midwifery College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Back Ground: Risky sexual behavior among orphans and vulnerable children and its associated physical, psychological and social consequences is becoming a major public health concern globally. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of risky sexual behavior and its determinants among orphan and vulnerable children in Addis Ababa. Methodology: A community based cross sectional study was conducted on three support and care giving organizations for orphans and vulnerable children in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from March to June 2014. A total of 422 orphan and vulnerable children were selected using systematic sampling. Data were collected using pre tested self-administered questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to analyze the data. Result: A total of 407 (96.4%) respondents participated in this study. Among them 112 (27.5%) had sexual intercourse in their life time, of these 50 (44.6%) started sex before the age of 15, 94 (83.9%) had forced sex, 84 (75.0%) had multiple sexual partners, only 16 (14.3%) used condom the first time they had sex and 96 (85.7%) participated in transactional sex. Females were about 3.25 (2.67 - 7.3) times more likely to engage in risky sexual behavior than male respondents, double orphans had 4.32 (2.45 - 9.54) odds of risky sexual behavior compared to their counterparts. Those respondents who had knowledge of HIV transmission and prevention were less likely to be involved in risky sexual behavior 0.58 (0.41 - 0.93). Conclusion: orphan and vulnerable children are at a higher likelihood of risky sexual behavior. Intervention targeted at multilevel such as orphan survival training, assertive communication skills, sexuality education and education about HIV risk perception, physical, psychological and human right protection, social support, and economic access for basic needs need to be given consideration.

关键词： orphan Vulnerable Children Risky Sexual Behavior Forced Sex Transactional Sex Addis Ababa

从孤女形象看《红楼梦》和《绿山墙的安妮》反映的中西文化差异

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World health dilemmas: orphan and rare diseases, orphan drugs and orphan patients

国学 2024年第3期12卷 523-529页

作者：黄海凤鲁东大学文学院，山东烟台

本文从孤女形象的角度出发，深入探讨了《红楼梦》中的林黛玉与《绿山墙的安妮》中的安妮所反映的中西文化差异。林黛玉作为中国传统文化的代表，她的命运与人生选择体现了封建社会对女性的束缚和压迫，凸显了中国传统文化中女性地位的... 详细信息

本文从孤女形象的角度出发，深入探讨了《红楼梦》中的林黛玉与《绿山墙的安妮》中的安妮所反映的中西文化差异。林黛玉作为中国传统文化的代表，她的命运与人生选择体现了封建社会对女性的束缚和压迫，凸显了中国传统文化中女性地位的低下和无奈。而安妮则展现了西方文化中女性的独立、自主和勇敢，她敢于追求自由和真爱，挑战社会的束缚，体现了西方文化中女性的平等和自由。本文前两部分运用个案研究法，对人物形象进行分析，第三部分利用对比研究法，揭示中西文化在个性特点、价值理念和人文精神等方面的差异，也为现代中国文化提供了深刻的思考和启示。本文通过对比这两位孤女形象，旨在促进对中西文化的理解和交流，推动现代中国文化的创新和发展。

关键词：孤女林黛玉安妮文化差异 orphan Lin Daiyu Annie Cultural Difference

来源：博看期刊评论

在线全文

博看期刊

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Methodology 2014年第3期4卷 163-188页

作者： Christina N Kontoghiorghe Nicholas Andreou Katerina Constantinou George J Kontoghiorghes Postgraduate Research Institute of Science Technology Environment and Medicine

According to global annual estimates hunger/malnutrition is the major cause of death(36 of 62 million). Cardiovascular diseases and cancer(5.44 of 13.43 million) are the major causes of death in developed countries, while lower respiratory tract infections, human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, diarrhoeal disease, malaria and tuberculosis(10.88 of 27.12 million) are the major causes of death in developing countries with more than 70% of deaths occurring in children. The majority of approximately 800 million people with other rare diseases, including 100000 children born with thalassaemia annually receive no treatment. There are major ethical dilemmas in dealing with global health issues such as poverty and the treatment of orphan and rare diseases. Of approximately 50000 drugs about 10% are orphan drugs, with annual sales of the latter approaching 100 billion USD. In comparison, the annual revenue in 2009 from the top 12 pharmaceutical companies in Western countrieswas 445 billion USD and the top drug, atorvastatin, reached 100 billion USD. In the same year, the total government expenditure for health in the developing countries was 410 billion USD with only 6%-7% having been received as aid from developed countries. Drugs cost the National Health Service in the United Kingdom more than 20 billion USD or 10% of the annual health budget. Uncontrollable drug prices and marketing policies affect global health budgets, clinical practice, patient safety and survival. Fines of 5.3 billion USD were imposed on two pharmaceutical companies in the United States, the regulatory authority in France was replaced and clinicians were charged with bribery in order to overcome recent illegal practises affecting patient care. High expenditure for drug development is mainly related to marketing costs. However, only 2 million USD was spent developing the drug deferiprone(L1) for thalassaemia up to the stage of multicentre clinical trials. The criter

关键词： World health issues Global diseases orphandrugs orphan diseases Rare diseases orphan patients Thalassaemia Deferiprone Deferasirox Deferoxamine Iron overload

Structural basis for the functional regulation of an orphan nuclear receptor

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science Foundation in China 2015年第2期23卷 26-26页

With the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Professors Lin Tianwei and Wu Qiao from the School of Life Sciences,Xiamen University,provided structural insights into the functional regulation of orphan nuclear receptor Nur77(aka TR3)by chemical compounds,which was reported in Nature Chemical Biology(2012,8(11):897—904)and Nature Chemical Biology(2014,10(2):133—140).

关键词： orphan Xiamen Nature physiological conformation melanoma activate downstream eukaryotic Figure

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

母亲和女儿：以孤儿作为方法