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Highly efficient through-space charge transfer TADF molecule employed in TADF-and TADF-sensitized organic light-emitting diodes

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1270-1276页

作者： Jiasen Zhang Deli Li Wei Li Yujie Wu Xilin Mu Chunyu Liu Kaibo Fang Ziyi Ge Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices and Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

The inception and harnessing of excitons are paramount for the electroluminescence performance of organic light-emitting devices(OLEDs).Through-space charge transfer(TSCT)via intramolecular interaction has proved to be one of the most potent techniques employed to achieve 100% internal quantum efficiency.However,molecular strategies utilized to comprehensively enhance the electroluminescent performance of TSCT emitters regarding improving the photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)and elevating the light out-coupling efficiency remain arduous.To surmount this challenge,we deliberately designed and synthesized a proof-of-concept TSCT emitter called CzO-TRZ by incorporating an extra carbazole donor into spiroheterocyclic architecture.The introduction of rigid spiral fragments can immensely boost the horizontal orientation dipole ratio and establish an extra through-bond charge transfer(TBCT)radiative decay channel.As a result,a very high PLQY of 98.7%,fast kRISCof 2.2×10^(5)s^(-1)and high k_(r)^(s) of 2.2×10^(7)s^(-1),and an ultrahigh horizontal dipolar ratio of 90%were concurrently achieved for Cz O-TRZ blended films.Furthermore,corresponding thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)-and TADF-sensitized fluorescence(TSF)-OLEDs based on CzO-TRZ demonstrated external quantum efficiencies(EQEs)of 33.4% and 30.3%,respectively,highlighting its versatile applications as both an emitter and sensitized host.

关键词： organic electronics organic light-emitting diodes polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons multiple-resonance

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Investigation into charge carrier dynamics in organic light-emitting diodes

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Nano Research Energy 2024年第2期3卷 39-46页

作者： Dong-Guang Zheng Hyeon-Dong Lee Gyeong Won Lee Dong-Soo Shin Jeongwon Kim Jong-In Shim Zhiqun Lin Tae-Woo Lee Dong Ha Kim Information Engineering College Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 311305China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University1 Gwanak-roGwanak-guSeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Photonics and Nanoelectronics Hanyang University ERICA55 Hanyangdeahak-roSangnok-guAnsanGyeonggi 15588Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience Ewha Womans University52Ewhayeodae-gilSeodaemun-guSeoul 03760Republic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 4Singapore 117585Singapore School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Institute of Engineering ResearchResearch Institute of Advanced MaterialsSoft FoundrySeoul National University1 Gwanak-roGwanak-guSeoul 08826Republic of Korea Basic Sciences Research Institute(Priority Research Institute) Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760Republic of Korea Nanobio∙Energy Materials Center(National Research Facilities and Equipment Center) Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760Republic of Korea

organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)have demonstrated remarkable advancements in both device lifetime and luminous efficiency.However,insufficient operation lifetime due to device degradation remains a major hurdle,especially for brighter devices.Understanding the degradation mechanisms of OLEDs due to the degradation of functional materials and the formation of defects in device architectures continues to be a significant challenge.Herein,we evaluate the degradation characteristics by scrutinizing the electrical and optical properties,as well as analyzing the charge carrier dynamics in pristine and aged states of phosphorescent OLEDs(PhOLEDs).We show that degradation mechanisms in PhOLEDs can be elucidated in terms of the ideality factors of current and luminance in pristine and aged device states.The consistent shifts in distinct ideality factors across various states points out that the device degradation is attributed to the deterioration of the guest material,i.***.green-light-emitting phosphorescent material.Conversely,the incongruity in ideality factor changes between the two states indicates that the degradation results from the deterioration of non-light-emitting material.Subsequent characterization experiments provide further evidence that this degradation is primarily attributed to the deterioration of CBP-host material.The thorough understanding of degradation mechanisms established in this study can contribute to realizing the highly reliable PhOLEDs with a long lifetime.

关键词： organic light-emitting diodes ideality factor carrier transport processes degradation mechanism

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Blue emitting exciplex for yellow and white organic light‑emitting diodes

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2023年第4期16卷 191-203页

作者： Kavya Rajeev C.K.Vipin Anjali K.Sajeev Atul Shukla Sarah K.M.McGregor Shih‑Chun Lo Ebinazar B.Namdas K.N.Narayanan Unni Centre for Sustainable Energy Technologies CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and TechnologyThiruvananthapuram 695019India Academy of Scientifc and Innovative Research(AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002India Centre for organic Photonics&Electronics The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia School of Mathematics and Physics The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

White organic light-emitting diodes(WOLEDs)have several desirable features,but their commercialization is hindered by the poor stability of blue light emitters and high production costs due to complicated device structures.Herein,we investigate a standard blue emitting hole transporting material(HTM)N,N'-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N'-bis(phenyl)benzidine(NPB)and its exciplex emission upon combining with a suitable electron transporting material(ETM),3-(biphenyl-4-yl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole(TAZ).Blue and yellow OLEDs with simple device structures are developed by using a blend layer,NPB:TAZ,as a blue emitter as well as a host for yellow phosphorescent dopant iridium(III)bis(4-phenylthieno[3,2-c]pyridinato-N,C2')acetylacetonate(PO-01).Strategic device design then exploits the ambipolar charge transport properties of tetracene as a spacer layer to connect these blue and yellow emitting units.The tetracene-linked device demonstrates more promising results compared to those using a conventional charge generation layer(CGL).Judicious choice of the spacer prevents exciton difusion from the blue emitter unit,yet facilitates charge carrier transport to the yellow emitter unit to enable additional exciplex formation.This complementary behavior of the spacer improves the blue emission properties concomitantly yielding reasonable yellow emission.The overall white light emission properties are enhanced,achieving CIE coordinates(0.36,0.39)and color temperature(4643 K)similar to daylight.Employing intermolecular exciplex emission in OLEDs simplifes the device architecture via its dual functionality as a host and as an emitter.

关键词： organic light-emitting diodes Dual functional exciplex Spacers Device design strategy Blue exciplex Yellow OLEDs White light emission

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A sensitization strategy for highly efficient blue fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2022年第4期15卷 31-42页

作者： Yalei Duan Runda Guo Yaxiong Wang Kaiyuan Di Lei Wang Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Highly efcient blue fuorescent materials have recently attracted great interest for organic light-emitting diode(OLED)application.Here,two new pyrene based organic molecules consisting of a highly rigid skeleton,namely SPy and DPy,are developed.These two blue light emitters exhibit excellent thermal stability.The experiment reveals that the full-width at half-maximum(FWHM)of the emission spectrum can be tuned by introducing diferent amounts of 9,9-diphenyl-N-phenyl9H-fuoren-2-amine on pyrene units.The FWHM of the emission spectrum is only 37 nm in diluted toluene solution for DPy.Furthermore,highly efcient blue OLEDs are obtained by thermally activated delayed fuorescence(TADF)sensitization strategy.The blue fuorescent OLEDs utilizing DPy as emitters achieve a maximum external quantum efciency(EQE)of 10.4%with the electroluminescence(EL)peak/FWHM of 480 nm/49 nm.Particularly,the EQE of DPy-based device is boosted from 2.6%in non-doped device to 10.4%in DMAc-DPS TADF sensitized fuorescence(TSF)device,which is a 400%enhancement.Therefore,this work demonstrates that the TSF strategy is promising for highly efcient fuorescent OLEDs application in wide-color-gamut display feld.

关键词： organic light-emitting diodes Hyperfuorescence Pyrene Sensitization strategy Blue fuorescent

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Versatile boron-based thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials for organic light-emitting diodes

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Aggregate 2022年第5期3卷 100-129页

作者： Jianmei Han Yanying Chen Nengquan Li Zhongyan Huang Chuluo Yang Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology College of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China

During the last few years,organoboron-based thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)materials have received extensive attention in optoelectronic area,owing to the unique electronegativity of boron atom.Herein,many research progress of organoboron-based TADF materials for organic optoelectronic devices is summarized.This review comprehensively documents the organoboron-based TADF materials according to the emission colors from blue to red-near-infrared(red-NIR),covering the molecular design strategies,photophysical properties,and optoelectronic performance in organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs).The current progress and future challenges in this fast-growing fields are reviewed systematically,providing instructive guidance for the future research on high-performance TADF-OLEDs.

关键词： narrow-band emission organic light-emitting diodes organoboron thermally activated delayed fluorescence

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organic light-emitting diodes Based on an Iron(III) Complex with Doublet Emission

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CCS Chemistry 2022年第9期4卷 2953-2958页

作者： Zhiyuan Cui Junshuai Ding Yuhang Gao Feng Li State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun 130012

Because iron is the richest transition-metal element in the earth’s crust,if iron complexes could be used as the emitters in organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs),the cost of OLEDs would be reduced dramatically.Luminescent iron(III)complexes with low-spin d5 electronic structure theoretically possess spin-allowed doublet metal-to-ligand charge transfer(^(2)MLCT)emission,but little attention has been paid to their application in OLEDs.

关键词： doublet emission luminescent iron complex organic light-emitting diodes open-shell molecule metal-to-ligand charge transfer internal quantum efficiency

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Thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials for nondoped organic light-emitting diodes with nearly 100%exciton harvest

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SmartMat 2023年第1期4卷 129-139页

作者： Xiao-Chun Fan Kai Wang Yi-Zhong Shi Dian-Ming Sun Jia-Xiong Chen Feng Huang Hui Wang Jia Yu Chun-Sing Lee Xiao-Hong Zhang Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials&DevicesJoint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina Research Center for Green Printing Nanophotonic Materials Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Environmental Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSuzhouChina organic Semiconductor Centre EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsUK Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films(COSDAF)and Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

High-performance nondoped organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)are promising technologies for future commercial applications.Herein,we synthesized two new thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)emitters that enable us,for the first time,to combine three effective approaches for enhancing the efficiency of nondoped OLEDs.First,the two emitters are designed to have high steric hindrances such that their emitting cores will be suitably isolated from those of their neighbors to minimize concentration quenching.On the other hand,each of the two emitters has two stable conformations in solid films.In their neat films,molecules with the minority conformation behave effectively as dopants in the matrix composing of the majority conformation.One hundred percent exciton harvesting is thus theoretically feasible in this unique architecture of“self-doped”neat films.Furthermore,both emitters have relatively high aspect ratios in terms of their molecular shapes.This leads to films with preferred molecular orientations enabling high populations of horizontal dipoles beneficial for optical outcoupling.With these three factors,OLEDs with nondoped emitting layers of the respective emitters both achieve nearly 100%exciton utilization and deliver over 30%external quantum efficiencies and ultralow efficiency roll-off at high brightness,which have not been observed in reported nondoped OLEDs.

关键词： dual conformations horizontal orientation organic light-emitting diodes self-doping thermally activated delayed fluorescence

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Regulating Charge and Exciton Distribution in High-Performance Hybrid White organic light-emitting diodes with n-Type Interlayer Switch

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Nano-Micro Letters 2017年第4期9卷 3-10页

作者： Dongxiang Luo Yanfeng Yang Ye Xiao Yu Zhao Yibin Yang Baiquan Liu School of Materials and Energy Guangdong University of Technology Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of Technology LUMINOUS Center of Excellence for Semiconductor lighting and Displays School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University

The interlayer(IL) plays a vital role in hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes(WOLEDs); however,only a negligible amount of attention has been given to n-type ILs. Herein, the n-type IL, for the first time,has been demonstrated to achieve a high efficiency, high color rendering index(CRI), and low voltage trade-off.The device exhibits a maximum total efficiency of 41.5 lm W^(-1), the highest among hybrid WOLEDs with n-type ILs. In addition, high CRIs(80–88) at practical luminances(C1000 cd m^(-2)) have been obtained, satisfying the demand for indoor lighting. Remarkably, a CRI of 88 is the highest among hybrid WOLEDs. Moreover, the device exhibits low voltages, with a turn-on voltage of only 2.5 V([1 cd m^(-2)), which is the lowest among hybrid WOLEDs. The intrinsic working mechanism of the device has also been explored; in particular, the role of n-type ILs in regulating the distribution of charges and excitons has been unveiled. The findings demonstrate that the introduction of n-type ILs is effective in developing high-performance hybrid WOLEDs.

关键词： White light Hybrid Interlayer Color rendering index organic light-emitting diodes

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Recent progress of electronic materials based on 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole and its derivatives:synthesis and their application in organic light-emitting diodes

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Science China Chemistry 2021年第3期64卷 341-357页

作者： Youming Zhang Jun Song Junie Qu Peng-Cheng Qian Wai-Yeung Wong Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy1 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University(PolyU)Hung HomHong KongChina PolyU Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057China College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering.Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Key Laboratoty of Environmental Functional Materials Technology and Application of Wenzhou City Institute of New Materials&IndustiyCollege of Chemistry&Materials Engineering.Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China

2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole(BT)and its derivatives are very important acceptor units used in the development of photoluminescent compounds and are applicable for the molecular construction of organic light-emitting diodes,organic solar cells and organic field-effect transistors.Due to their strong electron-withdrawing ability,construction of molecules with the unit core of BT and its derivatives can usually improve the electronic properties of the resulting organic materials.In this contribution,we review the synthesis of various polymers,small molecules and metal complexes with BT and its derivatives and their applications in organic light-emitting diodes.Furthermore,the molecular design rules based on these cores are discussed.

关键词： 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole organic light-emitting diodes synthesis electronic properties photoluminescence

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Very-High Color Rendering Index Hybrid White organic light-emitting diodes with Double emitting Nanolayers

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Nano-Micro Letters 2014年第4期6卷 335-339页

作者： Baiquan Liu Miao Xu Lei Wang Hong Tao Yueju Su Dongyu Gao Linfeng Lan Jianhua Zou Junbiao Peng Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of Technology New Vision Opto-Electronic Technology Co. Ltd

A very-high color rendering index white organic light-emitting diode(WOLED) based on a simple structure was successfully fabricated. The optimized device exhibits a maximum total efficiency of 13.1 and 5.4 lm/W at 1,000 cd/m2. A peak color rendering index of 90 and a relatively stable color during a wide range of luminance were obtained. In addition, it was demonstrated that the 4,40,400-tri(9-carbazoyl) triphenylamine host influenced strongly the performance of this WOLED.These results may be beneficial to the design of both material and device architecture for high-performance WOLED.

关键词： White light Hybrid Color rendering index organic light-emitting diodes Double emitting nanolayers

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