检索结果-南通市图书馆

A comparison of fish tissue mercury concentrations from homogenized fillet and nonlethal biopsy plugs

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第6期31卷 137-145页

作者： Alexis Knight Satyendra P.Bhavsar Brian A.Branfireun Peter Drouin Ram Prashad Steve Petro Moustapha Oke Department of Biology and Centre for Environment and Sustainability Western University Ontario Ministry of the Environment Conservation and Parks

The use of biopsy plugs to sample fish muscle tissue for mercury analyses is a viable alternative to lethal sampling; however, the practice has yet to be widely implemented in routine monitoring due to concerns about variability of mercury concentrations in fish muscle tissues. Here we examine distribution of mercury in fillets of four fish species(Walleye, Northern Pike, Smallmouth Bass and Lake Trout), suitability of left/right side of fillet for biopsy sampling, and appropriateness of re-using a biopsy punch. The results showed that average mercury concentrations in left and right fillets of fish are similar.Mercury concentrations in biopsy plug samples, taken from the anterior dorsal area of the fish fillet, were statistically equivalent to the mercury concentrations in homogenized fillets. There was no discernible cross contamination between samples when a biopsy punch was reused after washing in hot soapy water, and as such, biopsy punches can be recycled during sampling to reduce the sampling cost. If a tissue mass collected from a specific site on the fillet is insufficient, then we suggest sampling corresponding locations on the other fillet rather than sampling two adjacent sites on one fillet to obtain more tissue. The results presented here can improve the accuracy of fillet biopsy plug sampling,minimize fish mortality for mercury monitoring, and reduce labor and material costs in monitoring programs.

关键词： Hg or mercury Fish advisory Nonlethal Monitoring Muscle tissue Biopsy punch plug

Prognostic factors of refractory NSCLC patients receiving anlotinib hydrochloride as the third-or further-line treatment

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Cancer Biology & Medicine 2018年第4期15卷 443-451页

作者： Jing Wang Yizhuo Zhao Qiming Wang Li Zhang Jianhua Shi Zhehai Wang Ying Cheng Jianxing He Yuankai Shi Hao Yu Yang Zhao Weiqiang Chen Yi Luo Xiuwen Wang Kejun Nan Faguang Jin Jian Dong Baolan Li Zhujun Liu Baohui Han Kai Li Department of Pulmonary Oncology Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Department of Respiratory Medicine Shanghai Chest Hospital Department of Medical Oncology Henan Province Tumor Hospital Department of Respiratory Medicine Peking Union Medical College Hospital Department of Medical Oncology Linyi Cancer Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Shandong Cancer Hospital Department of Thoracic Oncology Jilin Cancer Hospital Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Department of Medical Oncology Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Biostatistics School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Department of Respiratory Medicine Lanzhou Military General Hospital Department of Head and Neck Oncology Hunan Cancer Hospital Department of Chemotherapy Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Department of Medical Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Department of Respiratory and Critical Diseases Tang Du Hospital Department of Oncology Yunnan Cancer Hospital General Department Capital Medical University Beijing Chest Hospital

Objective:Anlotinib hydrochloride is a multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptor,fibroblast growth factor receptor,platelet-derived growth factor receptor,c-Kit,and c-MET;therefore,it exhibits both antitumor and anti-angiogenetic activities.A phase III trial has shown that anlotinib improved progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),who presented with progressive disease or intolerance after standard chemotherapy.This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of patients receiving anlotinib treatment to determine the dominant populations who are fit for the treatment.Methods:Data were collected from March 2015 to January 2017 from a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multicenter,phase III trial of anlotinib(ALTER0303).A total of 437 patients were enrolled and randomly allocated(2:1)to the anlotinib and placebo groups.Kaplan–Meier analysis and log-rank test were performed to compare PFS and OS.Cox proportional hazards model was adopted for multivariate prognostic analysis.Results:Multivariate analysis indicated that high post-therapeutic peripheral blood granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio and elevated alkaline phosphatase levels were independent risk factors for PFS.Meanwhile,elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone,blood glucose,and triglyceride levels;hypertension;and hand–foot syndrome were independent protective factors of PFS.High posttherapeutic peripheral blood granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio,an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG)score≥2,and the sum of the maximal target lesion length at baseline were independent risk factors of OS,and hypertriglyceridemia was an independent protective factor of OS.Conclusions:This study preliminarily explored the possible factors that affected PFS and OS after anlotinib treatment in patients with advanced refractory NSCLC,and the baseline characteristics of the therapeutically dominant populations were then identified.

关键词： Non-small cell lung cancer anlotinib third- or further-line therapy prognostic factor analysis

Gα_s signaling controls intramembranous ossification during cranial bone development by regulating both Hedgehog and Wnt/β-catenin signaling

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Bone Research 2018年第4期6卷 340-354页

作者： Ruoshi Xu Sanjoy Kumar Khan Taifeng Zhou Bo Gao Yaxing Zhou Xuedong Zhou Yingzi Yang Department of Developmental Biology Harvard School of Dental Medicine State Key Laboratory of oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Department of Cariology and Endodontology West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Department of orthopaedic Surgery Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Department of Spine Surgery Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University

How osteoblast cells are induced is a central question for understanding skeletal formation. Abnormal osteoblast differentiation leads to a broad range of devastating craniofacial diseases. Here we have investigated intramembranous ossification during cranial bone development in mouse models of skeletal genetic diseases that exhibit craniofacial bone defects. The GNAS gene encodes Gαs that transduces GPCR signaling. GNAS activation or loss-of-function mutations in humans cause fibrous dysplasia(FD) or progressive osseous heteroplasia(POH) that shows craniofacial hyperostosis or craniosynostosis, respectively. We find here that, while Hh ligand-dependent Hh signaling is essential for endochondral ossification, it is dispensable for intramembranous ossification, where Gαsregulates Hh signaling in a ligand-independent manner. We further show that Gαscontrols intramembranous ossification by regulating both Hh and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In addition, Gαsactivation in the developing cranial bone leads to reduced ossification but increased cartilage presence due to reduced cartilage dissolution, not cell fate switch. Small molecule inhibitors of Hh and Wnt signaling can effectively ameliorate cranial bone phenotypes in mice caused by loss or gain of Gnas function mutations, respectively. Our work shows that studies of genetic diseases provide invaluable insights in both pathological bone defects and normal bone development, understanding both leads to better diagnosis and therapeutic treatment of bone diseases.

关键词： Wnt/β-catenin Hedgehog diagnosis cells cause gene GPCR or

Epitranscriptomics:Toward A Better Understanding of RNA Modifications

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2017年第3期15卷 147-153页

作者： Xushen Xiong Chengqi Yi Jinying Peng State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life SciencesPeking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Ever since the first RNA nucleoside modification was charac- terized in 1957 [1], over 100 distinct chemical modifications have been identified in RNA to date [2]. Most of these modi- fications were characterized in non-coding RNAs （ncRNAs）, including tRNA, rRNA, and small nuclear RNA （snRNA） [3]. Studies in the past few decades have located various mod- ifications in these ncRNAs and revealed their functional roles [3]. For instance, NLmethyladenosine （mlA）, which is typically found at position 58 in the tRNA T-loop of eukaryotes, func- tions to stabilize tRNA tertiary structure [4] and affect transla- tion by regulating the associations between tRNA and polysome [5]. Pseudouridine （tp） in snRNA can fine-tune branch site interactions and affect mRNA splicing [6].

关键词： of on or is as with Epitranscriptomics:Toward A Better Understanding of RNA Modifications RNA

Clp Protease and or Directly Control the Proteostasis of Phytoene Synthase, the Crucial Enzyme for Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Molecular Plant 2018年第1期11卷 149-162页

作者： Ralf Welsch Xiangjun Zhou Hui Yuan Daniel Alvarez Tianhu Sun Dennis Schlossarek Yong Yang Guoxin Shen Hong Zhang Manuel Rodriguez-Concepcion Theodore W. Thannhauser Li Li University of Freiburg Faculty of Biology II 79104 Freiburg Germany Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health USDA-ARS Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA plant Breeding and Genetics Section School of Integrative Plant Science Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou 310021 China Department of Biological Sciences Texas Tech University Lubbock TX 79409 USA Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Campus UAB Bellaterra Barcelona Spain These authors contributed equally to this article.

Phytoene synthase （PSY） is the crucial plastidial enzyme in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway. However, its post-translational regulation remains elusive. Likewise, Clp protease constitutes a central part of the plastid protease network, but its substrates for degradation are not well known. In this study, we report that PSY is a substrate of the Clp protease. PSY was uncovered to physically interact with various Clp protease subunits （i.e., ClpS1, CIpC1, and CIpD）. High levels of PSY and several other carotenogenic enzyme proteins overac- cumulate in the clpcl, clpp4, and clprl-2 mutants. The overaccumulated PSY was found to be partially enzy- matically active. Impairment of Clp activity in clpcl results in a reduced rate of PSY protein turnover, further supporting the role of Clp protease in degrading PSY protein. On the other hand, the orANGE （or） protein, a major post-translational regulator of PSY with holdase chaperone activity, enhances PSY protein stability and increases the enzymatically active proportion of PSY in clpcl, counterbalancing CIp-mediated proteol- ysis in maintaining PSY protein homeostasis. Collectively, these findings provide novel insights into the qual- ity control of plastid-localized proteins and establish a hitherto unidentified post-translational regulatory mechanism of carotenogenic enzymes in modulating carotenoid biosynthesis in plants.

关键词： carotenoid phytoene synthase clp protease or post-translational regulation Arabidopsis

Activation of the Brain to Postpone Dementia: A Concept originating from Postmortem Human Brain Studies

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第2期35卷 253-266页

作者： Qiong-Bin Zhu Ai-Min Bao Dick Swaab Department of Neurology Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine Department of Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Neurobiology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences

Alzheimer's disease(AD) is characterized by decreased neuronal activity and atrophy, while hyperactivity of neurons seems to make them resistant to aging and neurodegeneration, a phenomenon which we have paraphrased as ‘use it or lose it'. Our hypothesis proposes that(1) during their functioning, neurons are damaged;(2)accumulation of damage that is not repaired is the basis of aging;(3) the vulnerability to AD is determined by the genetic background and the balance between the amount of damage and the efficiency of repair, and(4) by stimulating the brain, repair mechanisms are stimulated and cognitive reserve is increased, resulting in a decreased rate of aging and risk for AD. Environmental stimulating factors such as bilingualism/multilingualism, education, occupation, musical experience, physical exercise, and leisure activities have been reported to reduce the risk of dementia and decrease the rate of cognitive decline, although methodological problems are present.

关键词： Dementia Genes Environmental stimulation Brain activation Cognitive reserve Use it or lose it

The Functional Linkage Among the "ZSL"-Spinal Dorsal Horn-SN

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science China Chemistry 1993年第10期36卷 1198-1206页

作者：孟卓吕国蔚 Department of Neurobiology Capital Institute of Medicine Beijing 100054 PRC Institute of Acupuncture and MoxibustionChina Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineBeijing 100700PRC Department of Neurobiology Capital Institute of Medicine Beijing 100054 PRC

Electrical stimulation of the Zusanli point (ZSL) and solitary tract nucleus (SN) as well as microelectrode recording from the laminae Ⅲ-Ⅴ of the lumbar spinal dorsal horn have been used on the pentobarbital anesthetized rats, finding and identifying 57 spinal neurons responding to the stimulations of both ZSL and SN. Among them, 34 responded antidromically to SN; the others responded orthodromically to SN. Among them, the lowthreshold mechano-receptive(LTM) neurons and wide-dynamic-range (WDR) neurons were 50 percent respectively. The results indicate that (ⅰ) a single spinal dorsal horn neuron receives somatic afferent input and then conveys it to the visceral sensory nucleus-SN; (ⅱ) some spinal dorsal horn neurons receive, in turn, innervation from the SN; (ⅲ) the convergence and integration between somatic and visceral sensory inputs might occur in the spinal dorsal horn neurons and/or SN.

关键词： spinal dorsal horn Zusanli point solitary tract nucleus antidromic responses or thodromic responses.

Aurone derivatives as Vps34 inhibitors that modulate autophagy

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2019年第3期9卷 537-544页

作者： Guodong Li Joshua William Boyle Chung-Nga Ko Wu Zeng Vincent Kam Wai Wong Jian-Bo Wan Philip Wai Hong Chan Dik-Lung Ma Chung-Hang Leung State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacao999078China School of Chemistry Monash UniversityClayton3800Australia Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong999077China State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao999078China Department of Chemistry University of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK

We report in this study the identification of a natural product-like antagonist(1a) of Vps34 as a potent autophagy modulator via structure-based virtual screening. Aurone derivative 1a strongly inhibited Vps34 activity in cell-free and cell-based assays. Significantly, 1a prevents autophagy in human cells induced either by starvation or by an mT or inhibitor. In silico modeling and kinetic data revealed that 1a could function as an ATP-competitive inhibitor of Vps34. Moreover, it suppressed autophagy in vivo and without inducing heart or liver damage in mice. 1a could be utilized as a new motif for more selective and efficacious antagonists of Vps34 for the potential treatment of autophagy-related human diseases.

关键词： Autophagy Natural products Vps34 Inhibitor Structure-based virtual screening Vesicle trafficking Heart or liver damage Aurone derivative

Pancreatic stents for the prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis should be inserted up to the pancreatic body or tail

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第22期24卷 2392-2399页

作者： Mitsuru Sugimoto Tadayuki Takagi Rei Suzuki Naoki Konno Hiroyuki Asama Yuki Sato Hiroki Irie Ko Watanabe Jun Nakamura Hitomi Kikuchi Yuichi Waragai Mika Takasumi Takuto Hikichi Hiromasa Ohira Department of Gastroenterology School of Medicine Fukushima Medical University Department of Endoscopy Fukushima Medical University Hospital

AIM To investigate the location to which a pancreatic stent should be inserted to prevent post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) pancreatitis(PEP).METHODS Over a ten-year period at our hospital, 296 patients underwent their first ERCP procedure and had a pancreatic stent inserted; this study included 147 patients who had ERCP performed primarily for biliary investigation and had a pancreatic stent inserted to prevent PEP. We dividedthese patients into two groups: 131 patients with a stent inserted into the pancreatic head(head group) and 16 patients with a stent inserted up to the pancreatic body or tail(body/tail group). Patient characteristics and ERCP factors were compared between the groups.RESULTS Pancreatic amylase isoenzyme(p-AMY) levels in the head group were significantly higher than those in the body/tail group [138.5(7.0-2086) vs 78.5(5.0-1266.5), P = 0.03] [median(range)]. No cases of PEP were detected in the body/tail group [head group, 12(9.2%)]. Of the risk factors for post-ERCP hyperamylasemia(≥ p-AMY median, 131 IU/L), procedure time ≥ 60 min [odds ratio(or) 2.65, 95%CI: 1.17-6.02, P = 0.02) and stent insertion into the pancreatic head(or 3.80, 95%CI: 1.12-12.9, P = 0.03) were identified as independent risk factors by multivariate analysis.CONCLUSION Stent insertion up to the pancreatic body or tail reduces the risk of post-ERCP hyperamylasemia and may reduce the risk of PEP.

关键词： Pancreatic stent Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography hyperamylasemia Pancreatic body or tail