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Impact of open dumping of municipal solid waste on soil properties in mountainous region

Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2018年第4期10卷 725-739页

作者： Anchal Sharma Ashok Kumar Gupta Rajiv Ganguly Department of Civil Engineering Jaypee University of Information Technology

This paper presents the effect of open dumping of municipal solid waste(MSW) on soil characteristics in the mountainous region of Himachal Pradesh, India. The solid waste of dumpsite contains various complex characteristics with organic fractions of the highest proportions. As leachate percolates into the soil, it migrates contaminants into the soil and affects soil stability and strength. The study includes the geotechnical investigation of dump soil characteristics and its comparison with the natural soil samples taken from outside the proximity of dumpsites. The geochemical analysis of dumpsite soil samples was also carried out by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS).Visual inspection revealed that the MSW consists of high fraction of organics, followed by paper. The soil samples were collected from five trial pits in the dumpsites at depths of 0.5 m, 1 m and 1.5 m. Then the collected soil samples were subjected to specific gravity test, grain size analysis, Atterberg’s limit test,compaction test, direct shear test, California bearing ratio(CBR) test and permeability analysis. The study indicated that the dumpsite soils from four study regions show decreasing trends in the values of maximum dry density(MDD), specific gravity, cohesion and CBR, and increasing permeability as compared to the natural soil. The results show that the geotechnical properties of the soils at all four study locations have been severely hampered due to contamination induced by open dumping of waste.

关键词： Municipal solid waste (MSW) Physical characterization Soil pollution open dumping Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) Energy disperse X-ray spectroscopy (EDS)

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Characterization of hospital waste in Lahore, Pakistan

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第9期127卷 1732-1736页

作者： Sobia Munir Syeda Adila Batool Muhammad Nawaz Chaudhry College of Earth and Environmental Science Department of Space Science College of Earth and Environmental Science University of the Punjab Lahore 54600 Pakistan

Background It is a common practice in developing countries that medical/infectious waste openly dumped with municipal solid *** paper presented a generation and characterization study of hospital *** of the waste composition is a basic step for selecting the most efficient treatment method of hospital *** Stratified random sampling was used to collect the samples of general as well as medical wastes for seven *** waste was sorted into 10 categories whereas general waste was classified into 11 *** was observed thoroughly for observing flaws in the incineration *** was analyzed by using SPSS software version *** The studied hospital produced an average 297 kilograms of medical waste daily and it comprises plastics （71.0％）,glass （13.9％）,papers etc.（3.8％）,cotton/dressings （5.7％）,masks/gloves/sheets （0.3％） diapers （0.4％）,wasted machines used in operation theaters （2.0％） and blades （0.1％）.Laboratories,cancer ward,nursery ward,OPD and emergency ward are the largest infectious waste producing departments in the *** hospital produced an average 3 511 kilograms of general waste daily in which organics constitute （44.3％）,diapers etc.（42.8％）,demolition materials （3.7％）,plastic waste mixing medical plastic waste （2.5％）,miscellaneous （2.14％）,cloth/clothes （1.6％）,cardboard （1.3％）,papers （0.8％）,cotton dressings （0.28％）,glass （0.27％） and iron materials （0.18％）.Other alarming facts are：medical waste is recycled in study area,after incineration of hospital waste,ash simply dumped in the premises of the hospital without any liner *** The studied hospital produces 10％ of infectious waste and 90％ of general *** largest components of the infectious waste are plastic and *** and diapers are major components of the general waste coming from different sites of the *** of training,inadequate knowledge regarding to the composition of the infectious waste and risks

关键词： medical waste characterization open dumping scavenging recycling

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