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A critical review of on-site inorganic arsenic screening methods

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 453-469页

作者： Yi He Jingyu Liu Yanhua Duan Xiaofei Yuan Lulu Ma Ratan Dhar Yan Zheng Department of Sciences John Jay College and the Graduate CenterThe City University of New YorkNY 10019USA State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences(QAEHS) The University of QueenslandQLD 4102Australia Department of Earth and Physical Sciences York CollegeThe City University of New YorkNY 11451USA

Approximately 94 to 220 million people worldwide are at risk of drinking well water containing arsenic > 10 μg/L, the WHO guideline value. To identify non-compliant domestic wells, assess health risks and reduce exposure, accurate and rapid on-site inorganic arsenic screening methods are desirable because all domestic wells worldwide need to be ***, the principles, advantages and limitations of commonly used colorimetry, electrochemistry, and biosensing methods are critically reviewed, with the performance compared with laboratory-based benchmark methods. Most commercial kits are based on the classic Gutzeit reaction. Despite being semi-quantitative, the more recent and more expensive products display improved and acceptable accuracy and shorter testing time (~10 min). Carried out by trained professionals, electrochemical methods are also feasible for on-site analysis, although miniaturization is desirable yet challenging. Biosensing using whole bacterial cells or bio-engineered materials such as aptamers is promising, if incorporated with function specific nanomaterials and biomaterials. Since arsenic is frequently found as arsenite in reducing groundwater and subject to oxidation during sampling, transportation and storage, on-site separation and sample preservation are feasible but the specific methods should be chosen based on sample matrix and tested before use. To eliminate arsenic exposure among hundreds of millions of mostly rural residents worldwide, we call for concerted efforts in research community and regulatory authority to develop accurate, rapid, and affordable tests for on-site screening and monitoring of arsenic in drinking water. Access to affordable testing will benefit people who are socioeconomically disadvantaged.

关键词： Inorganic arsenic on-site analysis Drinking water Groundwater Field test

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An Integrated Solution for Engine and TransmissionHealth Monitoring

An Integrated Solution for Engine and TransmissionHealth Mon...

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作者： Greg Brown on-site analysis Inc.7108 Fairway DriveSuite 130Palm Beach GardensFlorida 33410

As humans we use a blood test to monitor our health and to help diagnose for any current or impending *** analysis can serve a similar function with oil drawn from the engine or transmission of a vehicle or a piece of ***,the standard practice is to send a sample off to an oil testing laboratory,where the sample is subjected to anumber of different chemical and physical *** may take up to 10 days for the receipt of the results of these *** diagnosis,may be that impending engine or transmission problems are detected,but catastrophic failure may have already occurred prior toreceipt of the *** solution is to be able to provide on-site analysis of the oil at the location where the sample is drawn so thatpreventative maintenance can be implemented before expensive failures *** paper discusses new innovative technology,inthe form of an On-site Analyzer,that is now in place in locations around the USA,where a full analysis of engine,transmission andoil condition can be performed within about five *** tests performed are directly comparable to those performed intraditional oil testing *** complete analysis is fully-automated,and the system can be operated by a minimally-trainedperson,without prior knowledge of oil analysis or instrumentation.A full“expert”mechanical diagnostic report is provided with theanalysis.

关键词： on-site analysis Oil analysis Condition Monitoring Health Diagnostics Diagnostic Testing

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