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Medical services for sports injuries and illnesses in the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games

World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2022年第6期13卷 459-466页

作者： Peng-da Han Ding Gao Jie Liu Jing Lou Si-jia Tian Hui-xin Lian Sheng-mei Niu Lu-xi Zhang Yong Wang Jin-jun Zhang Emergence Medical Service Group for Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games Beijing Emergency Medical CenterBeijing 100031China Department of General Surgery Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China games Services Department Beijing Organizing Committee for the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter GamesBeijing100041China

BACKGROUND:Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games was the second games held amid the COVID-19 pandemic.To a certain extent,it has altered the way sporting activities operate.There is a lack of knowledge on injury risk and illness occurrence in elite winter sport athletes amid the COVID-19 pandemic.This study aimed to describe the incidence of injuries and illnesses sustained during the XXIV Olympic Winter Games in Beijing from February 4 to 20,2022.METHODS:We recorded the daily number of injuries and illnesses among athletes reported by Beijing 2022 medical staff in the polyclinic,medical venues,and ambulance.We calculated injury and illness incidence as the number of injuries or illnesses occurring during competition or training,respectively,with incidence presented as injuries/illnesses per 100 athlete-days.RESULTS:In total,2,897 athletes from 91 nations experienced injury or illness.Beijing 2022 medical staff reported 326 injuries and 80 illnesses,equaling 11.3 injuries and 2.8 illnesses per 100 athletes over the 17-day period.Altogether,11%of the athletes incurred at least one injury and nearly 3%incurred at least one illness.The number of injured athletes was highest in the skating sports(n=104),followed by alpine skiing(n=53),ice track(n=37),freestyle skiing(n=36),and ice hockey(n=35),and was the lowest in the Nordic skiing disciplines(n=20).Of the 326 injuries,14(4.3%)led to an estimated absence from training or competition of more than 1 week.A total of 52 injured athletes were transferred to hospitals for further care.The number of athletes with illness(n=80)was the highest for skating(n=33)and Nordic skiing(n=22).A total of 50 illnesses(62.5%)were admitted to the department of dentistry/ophthalmology/otolaryngology,and the most common cause of illness was other causes,including preexisting illness and medicine(n=52,65%).CONCLUSION:Overall,11%of athletes incurred at least one injury during the games,which is similar to the findings during the Olympic Winter Games in 2014 and 2018.Regarding illness,2%of athlet

关键词： Injuries Illnesses Olympic Winter Games Emergency medical service

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Transport Patterns and Potential Sources of Atmospheric Pollution during the ⅩⅩⅣ Olympic Winter Games Period

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第10期39卷 1608-1622,I0002-I0004页

作者： Yuting ZHANG Xiaole PAN Yu TIAN Hang LIU Xueshun CHEN Baozhu GE Zhe WANG Xiao TANG Shandong LEI Weijie YAO Yuanzhe REN Yongli TIAN Jie LI Pingqing FU Jinyuan XIN Yele SUN Junji CAO Zifa WANG State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region environmental monitoring central station Hohhot 010090China Institute of Surface-Earth System Science Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The attainment of suitable ambient air quality standards is a matter of great concern for successfully hosting the ⅩⅩⅣ Olympic Winter Games(OWG). Transport patterns and potential sources of pollutants in Zhangjiakou(ZJK) were investigated using pollutant monitoring datasets and a dispersion model. The PM_(2.5) concentration during February in ZJK has increased slightly(28%) from 2018 to 2021, mostly owing to the shift of main potential source regions of west-central Inner Mongolia and Mongolian areas(2015–18) to the North China Plain and northern Shanxi Province(NCPS) after 2018.Using CO as an indicator, the relative contributions of the different regions to the receptor site(ZJK) were evaluated based on the source-receptor-relationship method(SRR) and an emission inventory. We found that the relative contribution of pollutants from NCPS increased from 33% to 68% during 2019–21. Central Inner Mongolia(CIM) also has an important impact on ZJK under unfavorable weather conditions. This study demonstrated that the effect of pollution control measures in the NCPS and CIM should be strengthened to ensure that the air quality meets the standard during the ⅩⅩⅣ OWG.

关键词： Olympic Winter Games FLEXPART transport characteristics atmospheric pollution sources

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Effects of a closed-loop system against SARS-CoV-2 at the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games:a descriptive and modeling study

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2023年第6期14卷 471-476页

作者： Rong Xiong Jieping Zhou Wenning Li Jie Liu Jing Lou Sijia Tian Huixin Lian Shengmei Niu Luxi Zhang Wenhang Li Jinjun Zhang Emergence Medical Service Group for Beijing 2022 winter olympic games Beijing Emergency Medical CenterBeijing 100031China Department of Neurology Beijing Fuxing HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China Department of General Surgery Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China games Services Department Beijing Organizing Committeefor the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games

BACKGROUND:To assess the efficacy of the epidemic prevention measures of the“closed-loop”system adopted by the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games(BOWG).METHODS:We retrospectively collected and analyzed information,including age,sex,nationality,vaccination status,date of diagnosis,and date of entry,from 280 SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals identified during the BOWG.A susceptibility-exposed-infectious-remove model was employed to evaluate the effectiveness of epidemic prevention strategies on controlling the spread of SARS-CoV-2 under different scenarios during the BOWG.RESULTS:Regarding SARS-CoV-2-positive cases,97.9%were imported,and 96.4%were asymptomatic.The median age was 37 years(range:29–47 years),and 73.9%were male,with the majority of cases being broadcasters and European attendees.Regarding vaccination status,93.5%were fully vaccinated,and six cases were considered to have been infected in the closed-loop system during the BOWG.Assuming that the BOWG adopted a semi-closed-loop management system,the cumulative number of confirmed cases would be 1,137 for quick quarantine measures(3 d later)implemented and 5,530 for delayed quarantine measures(9 d later)implemented.This modeling revealed that stringent pandemic prevention measures and closed-loop management effectively controlled the spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the BOWG.CONCLUSION:Imported cases are considered the main risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 transmission during mass gatherings,but a comprehensive closed-loop system could minimize transmission among attendees and general personnel.

关键词： Olympic Winter Games Emergency medical service SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Infectious disease Transmission

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冬奥遗产快速积累期研究

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体育 2022年第3期

作者：孙葆丽刘石朱志强赵小瑜冯雅男苏贵斌吴晓华

奥运遗产演变的历史，反映了百余年奥林匹克运动不断发展的征程，不同时期冬奥遗产的变迁更是这一关系的直接见证。论文主要基于文献研究法、历史分析法，考察冬奥遗产快速积累期(1960年-1992年)冬奥遗产发展演变的情况。研究认为，在... 详细信息

奥运遗产演变的历史，反映了百余年奥林匹克运动不断发展的征程，不同时期冬奥遗产的变迁更是这一关系的直接见证。论文主要基于文献研究法、历史分析法，考察冬奥遗产快速积累期(1960年-1992年)冬奥遗产发展演变的情况。研究认为，在冬奥遗产快速积累期，奥林匹克运动思想体系、组织制度体系和活动体系的遗产得到了快速的积累，举办城市及国家体育领域和其他领域的遗产也实现了更大的进展。冬奥遗产快速积累期遗产发展的亮点之一是举办城市及国家力求借助冬奥会实现显著发展，亮点之二是奥林匹克运动的改革推动冬奥遗产显著发展。然而，由于奥林匹克运动需要与时俱进以应对社会与时代的挑战，因而国际奥委会和冬奥会举办城市及国家需要协调和化解更多的问题。研究结果表明：在冬奥遗产快速积累期，国际奥委会引领奥林匹克大家庭实现了冬奥遗产快速积累的重要进步，然而这一过程中如何实现可持续发展却是奥林匹克大家庭需要进一步探索的课题。冬奥遗产快速积累期是冬奥遗产发展的第三阶段，是冬奥遗产发展由初级阶段向高级阶段过渡的重要时期。

关键词：冬奥遗产冬奥会奥运遗产北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会奥林匹克运动国际奥委会　　winter olympic legacies Olympic Winter Games olympic legacies Beijing 2022 olympic and Paralympic winter games olympic movement International olympic Committee

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