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Referential alarm calling behaviour in New world primates

Current Zoology 2012年第5期58卷 680-697页

作者： Cristiane CASAR Klaus ZUBERBOHLER Scottish Primate Research Group School of Psychology University of St Andrews. St Mary's Quad St Andrews Fife Scotland UK KY16 9JP Conservation Ecology and Animal Behaviour Group Department of Post-Graduate Studies in Zoology Pr6dio 41 Pontificia Universidade Cat61ica de Minas Gerais Av. Dom Jos6 Gaspar 500 Cora~o Eucarfstico 30535-610 Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil Cognitive Science Centre Rue Emile Argand 11 University of Neuch~tel Neuch~tel Switzerland

There is relatively good evidence that non-human primates can communicate about objects and events in their envi- ronment in ways that allow recipients to draw inferences about the nature of the event experienced by the signaller. In some spe- cies, there is also evidence that the basic semantic units are not individual calls, but call sequences and the combinations gener- ated by them. These two findings are relevant to theories pertaining to the origins of human language because of the resemblances of these phenomena with linguistic reference and syntactic organisation. Until recently, however, most research efforts on the primate origins of human language have involved old world species with comparatively few systematic studies on New world monkeys, which has prevented insights into the deeper phylogenetic roots and evolutionary origins of language-relevant capaci- ties. To address this, we review the older primate literature and very recent evidence for functionally referential communication and call combinations in New world primates. Within the existing literature there is ample evidence in both Callitrichids and Ce- bids for acoustically distinct call variants given to external disturbances that are accompanied by distinct behavioural responses. A general pattern is that one call type is typically produced in response to a wide range of general disturbances, often on the ground but also including inter-group encounters, while another call type is produced in response to a much narrower range of aerial threats. This pattern is already described for old world monkeys and Prosimians, suggesting an early evolutionary origin. Second, recent work with black-fronted tiff monkeys has produced evidence for different alarm call sequences consisting of acoustically distinct call types. These sequences appear to encode several aspects of the predation event simultaneously, notably predator type and location. Since meaningful call sequences have already been described in

关键词： Primate alarm calls Functionally referential calls Call combinations New world monkeys old world monkeys

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Proteogenomic review of the changes in primate apoC-I during evolution

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Frontiers in Biology 2013年第5期8卷 533-548页

作者： Donald L. PUPPIONE Julian P. WHITELEGGE The Molecular Biology Institute University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA The Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory The Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

Apolipoprotein C-I has evolved more rapidly than any of the other soluble apolipoproteins. During the course of primate evolution, the gene for this apolipoprotein was duplicated. Prompted by our observation that the two resulting genes encode two distinct forms of apoC-I in great apes, we have reviewed both the genomic and proteomic data to examine what changes have occurred during the course of primate evolution. We have found data showing that one of the duplicated genes, known to be a pseudogene in humans, was also a pseudogene in Denisovans and Neandertals. Using genomic and proteomic data for primates, we will provide in this review evidence that the duplication took place after the divergence of New world monkeys from the human lineage and that the formation of the pseudogene took place after the divergence of the bonobos and chimpanzees from the human lineage.

关键词： mass spectrometry apoC-IA apoC-IB apes old world monkeys New world monkeys

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