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China Geology 2023年第3期6卷 466-475页

作者： Qiu-ping Lu Yan-jiang Yu Xie Wen-wei Jin-qiang Liang Jing-an Lu Ben-chong Xu Hao-xian Shi Hao-yu Yu Ru-lei Qin Xing-chen Li Bin Li Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 510075China Southern Marine Science and engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Institute of exploration Techniques China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesLangfang 065000China

As a prerequisite and a guarantee for safe and efficient natural gas hydrates(NGHs)exploitation,it is imperative to effectively determine the mechanical properties of NGHs reservoirs and clarify the law of the change in the mechanical properties with the dissociation of NGHs during NGHs production tests by depressurization.Based on the development of Japan’s two offshore NGHs production tests in vertical wells,this study innovatively proposed a new subsea communication technology-accurate directional connection using a wet-mate connector.This helps to overcome the technical barrier to the communication between the upper and lower completion of offshore wells.Using this new communication technology,this study explored and designed a mechanical monitoring scheme for lower completion(sand screens).This scheme can be used to monitor the tensile stress and radial compressive stress of sand screens caused by NGHs reservoirs in real time,thus promoting the technical development for the rapid assessment and real-time feedback of the in-situ mechanical response of NGHs reservoirs during offshore NGHs production tests by depressurization.

关键词： Natural gas hydrates Depressurization test Wet-mate Directional connection Lower completion monitoring In-situ mechanical response of reservoirs oil-gas exploration engineering The South China Sea

Tectonic-thermal history and hydrocarbon potential of the Pearl River Mouth Basin,northern South China Sea:Insights from borehole apatite fission-track thermochronology

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China Geology 2023年第3期6卷 429-442页

作者： Xiao-yin Tang Shu-chun Yang Sheng-biao Hu Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geomechanics China Geological SurveyBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Paleomagnetism and Tectonic Reconstruction Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China CNOOC Research Institute Beijing 100028China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB)is one of the most petroliferous basins on the northern margin of the South China Sea.Knowledge of the thermal history of the PRMB is significant for understanding its tectonic evolution and for unraveling its poorly studied source-rock maturation history.Our investigations in this study are based on apatite fission-track(AFT)thermochronology analysis of 12 cutting samples from 4 boreholes.Both AFT ages and length data suggested that the PRMB has experienced quite complicated thermal evolution.Thermal history modeling results unraveled four successive events of heating separated by three stages of cooling since the early Middle Eocene.The cooling events occurred approximately in the Late Eocene,early Oligocene,and the Late Miocene,possibly attributed to the Zhuqiong II Event,Nanhai Event,and Dongsha Event,respectively.The erosion amount during the first cooling stage is roughly estimated to be about 455-712 m,with an erosion rate of 0.08-0.12 mm/a.The second erosion-driven cooling is stronger than the first one,with an erosion amount of about 747-814 m and an erosion rate between about 0.13-0.21 mm/a.The erosion amount calculated related to the third cooling event varies from 800 m to 3419 m,which is speculative due to the possible influence of the magmatic activity.

关键词： oil and gas Hydrocarbon potential Apatite fission-track Tectonic-thermal evolution Thermal history modeling Cooling event Heating event Marine geological survey engineering Erosion amount and rate oil-gas exploration engineering Pearl River Mouth Basin The South China Sea

Distribution characteristics, exploration and development, geological theories research progress and exploration directions of shale gas in China

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China Geology 2022年第1期5卷 110-135页

作者： Shi-zhen Li Zhi Zhou Hai-kuan Nie Lei-fu Zhang Teng Song Wei-bin Liu Hao-han Li Qiu-chen Xu Si-yu Wei Shu Tao oil and gas Survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100083China The Key Laboratory of Unconventional oil and gas Geology China Geological SurveyBeijing 100083China Sinopec Petroleum exploration and Production Research Institute Beijing 100083China PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum exploration and Development Beijing 100083China School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

The shale gas resources in China have great potential and the geological resources of shale gas is over 100×10^(12)m^(3),which includes about 20×10^(12)m^(3) of recoverable resources.Organic-rich shales can be divided into three types according to their sedimentary environments,namely marine,marine-continental transitional,and continental shales,which are distributed in 13 stratigraphic systems from the Mesoproterozoic to the Cenozoic.The Sichuan Basin and its surrounding areas have the highest geological resources of shale gas,and the commercial development of shale gas has been achieved in the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in these areas,with a shale gas production of up to 20×10^(9)m^(3) in 2020.China has seen rapid shale gas exploration and development over the last five years,successively achieving breakthroughs and important findings in many areas and strata.The details are as follows.(1)Large-scale development of middle-shallow shale gas(burial depth:less than 3500 m)has been realized,with the productivity having rapidly increased;(2)breakthroughs have been constantly made in the development of deep shale gas(burial depth:3500-4500 m),and the ultradeep shale gas(burial depth:greater than 4500 m)is under testing;(3)breakthroughs have been made in the development of normal-pressure shale gas,and the assessment of the shale gas in complex tectonic areas is being accelerated;(4)shale gas has been frequently discovered in new areas and new strata,exhibiting a great prospect.Based on the exploration and development practice,three aspects of consensus have been gradually reached on the research progress in the geological theories of shale gas achieved in China.(1)in terms of deep-water fine-grained sediments,organic-rich shales are the base for the formation of shale gas;(2)in terms of high-quality reservoirs,the development of micro-nano organic matter-hosted pores serves as the core of shale gas accumulation;(3)in terms of preservation conditions,weak structural transformat

关键词： Shale gas Shale gas distribution Formation era Deep-water fine-grained sediments Shale reservoirs Preservation conditions exploration and development Wufeng-Longmaxi formations exploration directions oil-gas exploration engineering China

Coupling relationship between reservoir diagenesis and hydrocarbon accumulation in Lower Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation of Dongling,Changling fault depression,Songliao Basin,Northeast China

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China Geology 2020年第2期3卷 247-261页

作者： Yun-qian Lu You-lu Jiang Wei Wang Jian-feng Du Jing-dong Liu Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 510075China Southern Marine Science and engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumQingdao 266580China Sinopec Northeast oil-gas Branch Company Changchun 130062China

The Lower Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation in the southern Songliao Basin is the typical tight oil sandstone in China.In order to better predict the petrophysical properties of the tight sandstone reservoirs in the Lower Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation,Songliao Basin,Northeast China,the diagenesis and porosity evolution was investigated using a suite of petrographic and geochemical techniques including thin section analysis,scanning electron microscopy,mercury intrusion and fluid inclusion analysis,on a set of selected tight sandstone samples.Combined with the histories of burial evolution,organic matter thermal evolution and hydrocarbon charge,the matching relationship between reservoir porosity evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation history is analyzed.The result showed that the tight sandstone reservoirs characterized of being controlled by deposition,predominated by compaction,improved by dissolution and enhanced by cementation.The hydrocarbon accumulation period was investigated using a suite of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion history,microfluorescence determination and temperature measurement technology.According to the homogenization temperature of the inclusions and the history of burial evolution,Yingcheng Formation has mainly two phases hydrocarbon accumulation.The first phase of oil and gas is charged before the reservoir is tightened,the oil and gas generated by Shahezi source rocks enter the sand body of Yingcheng Formation,influenced by the carrying capability of sand conducting layer,oil and gas is mainly conducted by the better properties and higher connectivity sand body and enriched in the east,which belongs to the type of densification after hydrocarbon accumulation.The second phase of oil and gas charge after densification,which belongs to the type of densification before the hydrocarbon accumulation.

关键词： Diagenetic evolution Fluid inclusion Porosity recovery Reservoir quality Hydrocarbon charging periods Dongling area oil-gas exploration engineering Songliao Basin Heilongjiang Province China

Porosity distribution in cyclic dolomites of the Lower Qiulitag Group(Upper Cambrian)in northwestern Tarim Basin,China

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China Geology 2020年第3期3卷 425-444页

作者： Yan-qiu Zhang Zeng-hui Guo Dai-zhao Chen Development and Research Center of China Geological Survey Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100037China Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Institute of Earth and Environmental Science University of PotsdamKarl-Liebknecht-Str.24-2514476 Potsdam-GolmGermany

Increasing interests in hydrocarbon resources at depths have drawn greater attentions to the deeply-buried carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin in China.In this study,the cyclic dolomite rocks of Upper Cambrian Lower Qiulitag Group from four outcrop sections in northwestern Tarim Basin were selected to investigate and evaluate the petrophysical properties in relation to depositional facies and cyclicity.The Lower Qiulitag Group includes ten lithofacies,which were deposited in intermediate to shallow subtidal,restricted shallow subtidal,intertidal,and supratidal environments on a carbonate ramp system.These lithofacies are vertically stacked into repeated shallowing-upward,meter-scale cycles which are further grouped into six third-order depositional sequences(Sq1 to Sq6).There are variable types of pore spaces in the Lower Qiulitag Group dolomite rocks,including interparticle,intraparticle,and fenestral pores of primary origin,inter crystal,and vuggy pores of late diagenetic modification.The porosity in the dolomites is generally facies-selective as that the microbially-originated thrombolites and stromatolites generally yield a relatively high porosity.In contrast,the high-energy ooidal grainstones generally have very low porosity.In this case,the microbialite-based peritidal cycles and peritidal cycle-dominated highstand(or regressive)successions have relatively high volumes of pore spaces,although highly fluctuating(or vertical inhomogeneous).Accordingly,the grainstone-based subtidal cycles and subtidal cycle-dominated transgressive successions generally yield extremely low porosity.This scenario indicates that porosity development and preservation in the thick dolomite successions are primarily controlled by depositional facies which were influenced by sea-level fluctuations of different orders and later diagenetic overprinting.

关键词： Dolomites Porosity Cyclicity Upper Cambrian Stromatolite Microbial build up oil-gas basin oil-gas exploration engineering Tarim Basin China