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Effects of tropical forest conversion into oil palm plantations on nitrous oxide emissions:A meta-analysis

Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第3期34卷 865-869页

作者： Taiki Mori Kyushu Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research InstituteFFPRIKurokami 4-11-16Kumamoto 860-0862Japan

oil palm plantations have dramatically expanded in tropical Asia over the past *** their establishment has been projected to increase nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions,earlier reports have shown inconsistent *** study analyzed these previously published data to compare N_(2)O emissions in oil palm plantations to reference forests.A linear mixed-eff ects model was used to examine the signifi cance of the eff ect of establishing oil palm plantations on N_(2)O emissions,rather than to calculate mean eff ect sizes because of limitations in the data *** results indicated that N_(2)O emissions were signifi cantly greater from oil palm plantations than from reference forests,as *** is the fi rst study to report the eff ect of oil palm plantations on N_(2)O emissions by synthesizing previously published *** quantify the size of this eff ect,additional studies with frequent and long-term monitoring data are needed.

关键词： Meta-analysis Nitrogen fertilization Nitrous oxide oil palm plantation Tropical forest

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Assessment of the Influence of oil palm and Rubber plantations in Tropical Peat Swamp Soils Using Microbial Diversity and Activity Analysis

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2016年第2期5卷 53-65页

作者： Yuana Nurulita Eric M. Adetutu Krishna K. Kadali Esmaeil Shahsavari Delita Zul Mohamed Taha Andrew S. Ball Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation School of Sciences RMIT University Melbourne Australia Chemistry Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Riau Pekanbaru Indonesia Biology Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Riau Pekanbaru Indonesia Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Agriculture Benha University Toukh Egypt

In this study, tropical peat swamp soils from Giam Siak Kecil-Bukit Batu Biosphere Reserve (GSKBB) in Indonesia was evaluated to assess the impact of oil palm and rubber plantations on this unique organic soil through comparisons with soils from a natural forest using a polyphasic approach (chemical and molecular microbial assays). Changes in the ammonium, nitrate and phosphate concentration were observed in soils converted to agricultural use. Soil enzyme activities in plantation soils showed reduced β-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase and acid phosphatase activities (50% - 55% decrease). PCR-DGGE based analysis showed that the soil bacterial community from agricultural soils exhibited the lowest similarity amongst the different microbial groups (fungi and Archaea) evaluated (34% similarity to the natural forest soil). Shannon Diversity index values showed that generally the conversion of tropical peatland natural forest to rubber plantation resulted in a greater impact on microbial diversity (ANOVA p oil microbial activity and diversity upon conversion of natural peatland forest to agriculture, with a greater change being observed under rubber plantation compared to oil palm plantation. These findings provided important data for future peatland management by relating changes in the soil microbial community and activities associated to agricultural practices carried out on peatland.

关键词： Tropical Peat Swamp Soil Microbial Community Soil Enzyme oil palm plantation Rubber plantation

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The Conservation of Ground Water Levels in the Peat Swamp Forest at Ayer Hitam North Forest Reserve, Muar in Johor, Malaysia

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2021年第12期13卷 957-975页

作者： Siti Aisah Shamsuddin Mohd Azahari Faidi Hyrul Izwan Mohd Husin Mohamad Fakhri Ishak Ismail Parlan Habsah Marjuni Forestry & Environment Division Forest Research Institute Malaysia Kepong Selangor Malaysia Forest Biotechnology Division Forest Research Institute Malaysia Kepong Selangor Malaysia Director General Forest Research Institute Malaysia Kepong Selangor Malaysia Yayasan Kemanusiaan Muslim Aid Malaysia Menara Mutiara Bangsar Jalan Liku Off Jalan Riong Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

The management of peat swamp forests in Malaysia contends with two major issues: forest fires and the effects of abandoned forest-logging drainage systems or canals. Forest fire occurs during low rainfall season related to the local people activities. The drainage networks change the hydrological function of the intact forest ecosystem. A key function of the hydrological system in the undisturbed forest is to absorb water during rainfall season, thus delaying downstream runoff and preventing flash floods. The objective of the project described here is to restore the hydrological function of peat swamp forest (PSF) at Ayer Hitam North Forest Reserve (AHNFR) in Muar, Johor, Malaysia. The oil palm plantations, especially in the southern part of the area affect the forest reserve. Water flows out of the forest reserve through the drainage system constructed for managing these plantations. In 2016 and 2017, two water block structures or check dams were constructed near the boundaries of the forest reserve to hold the water and raise the groundwater level in the forest reserve. The implementation of the check dams at the two locations has conserved the groundwater level and subsequently, about 1.2 million m3 of water was saved annually from leaving the forest reserve from each of the check dam. This project is also part of the Coca-Cola Company’s sustainability commitment for water strategy with the global that is to replenish 100% of the equivalent volume of water consumed in their products and production by 2020. Replenishment is the key sustainability commitment for the Company.

关键词： Hydrology oil palm plantation Water Blockage Peat Swamp Forest Ground Water Level Conservation

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