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Formation and distribution characteristics of Proterozoic–Lower Paleozoic marine giant oil and gas fields worldwide

Petroleum Science 2017年第2期14卷 237-260页

作者： Xiao-Ping Liu Zhi-Jun Jin Guo-Ping Bai Ming Guan Jie Liu Qing-Hua Pan Ting Li Yu-Jie Xing State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting Beijing 102249 China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China Exploration and Development Research Institute Petro China Huabei Oilfield Company Renqiu 062552 Hebei China Exploration and Development Research Institute PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company Korla 841000 Xinjiang China

There are rich oil and gas resources in marine carbonate strata *** most of the oil and gas reserves discovered so far are mainly distributed in Mesozoic,Cenozoic,and upper Paleozoic strata,oil and gas exploration in the Proterozoic–Lower Paleozoic（PLP）strata—the oldest marine strata—has been very *** more clearly understand the oil and gas formation conditions and distributions in the PLP marine carbonate strata,we analyzed and characterized the petroleum geological conditions,oil and gas reservoir types,and their distributions in thirteen giant oil and gas fields *** study reveals the main factors controlling their formation and *** analyses show that the source rocks for these giant oil and gas fields are mainly shale with a great abundance of type I–II organic matter and a high thermal evolution *** reservoirs are mainly gas reservoirs,and the reservoir rocks are dominated by *** reservoir types are mainly karst and reef–shoal bodies with well-developed dissolved pores and cavities,intercrystalline pores,and *** reservoirs arehighly *** burial depth of the reservoirs is highly variable and somewhat negatively correlated to the *** cap rocks are mainly thick evaporites and shales,with the thickness of the cap rocks positively correlated to the oil and gas *** development of high-quality evaporite cap rock is highly favorable for oil and gas *** identified four hydrocarbon generation models,and that the major source rocks have undergone a long period of burial and thermal evolution and are characterized by early and long periods of hydrocarbon *** giant oil and gas fields have diverse types of reservoirs and are mainly distributed in paleo-uplifts,slope zones,and platform margin reef-shoal *** main factors that control their formation and distribution were identified,enabling the prediction of new favorable areas for oil and gas

关键词： Giant oil and gas field Proterozoic and LowerPaleozoic Marine carbonate rocks Petroleum geologicalconditions oil and gas distribution

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The gradual subduction-collision evolution model of Proto-South China Sea and its control on oil and gas

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第3期42卷 123-137页

作者： Xiaojun Xie Wu Tang Gongcheng Zhang Zhigang Zhao Shuang Song Shixiang Liu Yibo Wang Jia Guo China National Offshore oil Corporation(CNOOC)Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100028China

This study involved outcrop,drilling,seismic,gravity,and magnetic data to systematically document the geological records of the subduction process of Proto-South China Sea(PSCS)and establish its evolution *** results indicate that a series of arc-shaped ophiolite belts and calcalkaline magmatic rocks are developed in northern Borneo,both of which have the characteristics of gradually changing younger from west to east,and are direct signs of subduction and collision of *** the same time,the subduction of PSCS led to the formation of three accretion zones from the south to the north in Borneo,the Kuching belt,Sibu belt,and Miri *** sedimentary formation of northern Borneo is characterized by a three-layer structure,with the oceanic basement at the bottom,overlying the deep-sea flysch deposits of the Rajang–Crocker group,and the molasse sedimentary sequence that is dominated by river-delta and shallow marine facies at the top,recording the whole subduction–collision–orogeny process of ***,seismic reflection and tomography also confirmed the subduction and collision of *** on the geological records of the subduction and collision of PSCS,combined with the comprehensive analysis of segmented expansion and key tectonic events in the South China Sea,we establish the“gradual”subduction-collision evolution model of *** the late Eocene to middle Miocene,the Zengmu,Nansha,and Liyue–Palawan blocks were separated by West Baram Line and Balabac Fault,which collided with the Borneo block and Kagayan Ridge successively from the west to the east,forming several foreland basin systems,and PSCS subducted and closed from the west to the *** subduction and extinction of PSCS controlled the oil and gas distribution pattern of southern South China Sea(SSCS)mainly in three ***,the“gradual”closure process of PSCS led to the continuous development of many large deltas in ***,the deltas formed during the subduction–collision of PS

关键词： Proto-South China Sea gradual subduction-collision evolution model oil and gas distribution southern South China Sea Borneo

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Paleozoic Composite Petroleum System of North Africa:Hydrocarbon distribution and Main Controlling Factors

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Petroleum Science 2007年第1期4卷 21-29页

作者： Bai Guoping Zheng Lei Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Education Ministry China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Overseas Research Center Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China

North Africa, which is one of the main oil and gas producing regions in the world, is best known for its subsalt Paleozoic-Triassic reservoirs and Paleozoic source rocks. Hydrocarbon abundance varies greatly from one structural domain to another areally and from one stratigraphic interval to another vertically. Analyses of the essential elements and geological processes of the Paleozoic petroleum system indicate that the distribution of the Lower Silurian shale source rocks, the development of a thick Mesozoic overburden, the presence of the Upper Triassic-Lower Jurassic evaporite seal are the most important factors goveming the distribution of the Paleozoic-sourced hydrocarbons in North Africa. The Mesozoic sequence plays a critical role for hydrocarbons to accumulate by enabling the maturation of the Paleozoic source rocks during the Mesozoic-Paleogene times and preserving the accumulated hydrocarbons. Basins and surrounding uplifts, particularly the latter, with a thick Mesozoic sequence and a regional evaporite seal generally have abundant hydrocarbons. Basins where only a thin Mesozoic overburden was developed tend to have a very poor to moderate hydrocarbon prospectivity.

关键词： Paleozoic petroleum system oil and gas distribution main controls North Africa

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Accelerating oil and gas Exploration in Western China by Studies of Formations of Hydrocarbon Accumulations in Superimposed Basins—A Preface

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2010年第5期84卷 I0001-I0002页

作者： PANG Xiongqi State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 Basin and Reservoir Research Center China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249

The superimposed basins in the western region of China are a hot research topic for earth scientists home and abroad for their vast area and rich oil and gas resources. Their complex geological conditions and resultant great exploration difficulties have received much attention of the scientists. This issue presents the advances of several scholars in their long-term research on the mechanisms of oil and gas accumulation and the patterns of oil and gas distribution.

关键词： Studies Western China oil and gas accumulation oil and gas distribution geological conditions research western region difficulties exploration attention presents Typical studies complex Chinese topic vast area

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Differential structure of Ordovician karst zone and hydrocarbon enrichment in paleogeomorphic units in Tahe area,Tarim Basin,NW China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2021年第5期48卷 1113-1125页

作者： ZHANG San JIN Qjang HU Mingyi HAN Qichao SUN Jianfang CHENG Fuqi ZHANG Xudong School of Geosciences Yangtze UniversityWuhan 430100China School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumQingdao 266580China Gudao oil Production Plant Shengli Oilfield Company of SinopecDongying 257231China Exploration and Development Institute SinopecBeijing 100083China

Based on a large number of drilling,logging,seismic and production data,the differential structures of karst zone and hydrocarbon distribution in different paleogeomorphic units of the Tahe area,Tarim Basin,are discussed by analyzing the karst drainages and flowing *** karst paleogeomorphy of Ordovician in Tahe area is composed of watershed,karst valley and karst *** watershed has epikarst zone of 57.8 m thick on average and vadose karst zone of 115.2 m thick on average with dense faults,fractures and medium-small fracture-caves,and 76.5%of wells in this area have cumulative production of more than 5×10^(4) t per *** karst valleys have epikarst zone,vadose karst zone and runoff karst zone,with an average thickness of 14.6,26.4 and 132.6 m *** the runoff karst zone,the caves of subsurface river are mostly filled by fine sediment,with a filling rate up to 86.8%,and 84.9%of wells in this area have cumulative production of less than 2×10^(4) t per *** karst basin has no karst zone,but only fault-karst reservoirs in local fault zones,which are up to 600 m thick and closely developed within 1 km around *** karst landforms have different water flowing pattern,forming different karst zone structures and resulting in differential distribution of oil and *** watershed has been on the direction of oil and gas migration,so medium-small sized connected fracture-caves in this area have high filling degree of oil and gas,and most wells in this area have high *** caves in subsurface river are filled due to strong sedimentation and transportation of the river,so the subsurface river sediment has low hydrocarbon abundance and more low production oil *** faults linking source rock are not only the water channels but also the oil-gas migration pathways,where the karst fractures and caves provide huge reservoir space for oil and gas accumulation.

关键词： paleokarst karst drainage watershed fracture-cave structure oil and gas distribution Tahe oilfield Ordovician Tarim Basin

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