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Agronomic Practices and Macronutrients Status of Different Age Groups of Smallholder oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) plantations in Dibombari Sub-Division, Cameroon

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第10期14卷 1444-1464页

作者： James M. Kundu Godswill A. Asongwe Lawrence M. Ndam David T. Agbor Aaron S. Tening Raymond N. Nkongho Department of Agronomic and Applied Molecular Sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine University of Buea Buea South West Region Cameroon Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea South West Region Cameroon Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Faculty of Agriculture Ondokuz Mayis University Samsun Turkey Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine University of Buea Buea South West Region Cameroon

oil palm is cultivated by agro-industries and smallholders for vegetable oil production. Good farm management practices with balanced soil and plant macronutrients are needed to attain optimum yields. Smallholder oil palm farmers of Dibombari Sub-Division, Cameroon, suffer from low on farm yields which could emanate from the agronomic practices implemented, which also has an influence on the soil and plant macronutrient status. This study provides information on the agronomic practices, soil and plant macronutrients status in smallholder oil palm fields. Structured questionnaires were administered to 200 farmers to collect data on their agronomic practices, using a stratified random sampling design. Soil and plants were sampled from plantations of different age groups (control, >0 - 4 years, >4 - 8 years and >8 - 15 years’ plantations) in four locations of the Sub-Division (i.e. Dibombari-central, Bonamateke, Bomono and Nkapa) using a randomized complete block design. Data collected, was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that 65% of farmers planted Tenera variety, with majority of them below the standards for weeding (81%), fertilizer use (100%), pruning (62%), pest/disease control (90.5%) and harvesting (96%) practices. Soil macronutrients were low across the different plantations except P which was optimal at >0 - 4 years and >4 - 8 years’ plantations but low at >8 - 15 years’ plantation. Similarly, for plant macronutrients, N and P were optimal across the different plantations, while K and Mg were optimal at >0 - 4 years’ plantation but low at >4 - 8 years and >8 - 15 years’ plantations. Thus, agronomic practices and macronutrient status of soil and plants were below standards in smallholder oil palm plantations of Dibombari, leading to low yields of fresh fruit bunches.

关键词： Smallholders oil palm plantations Agronomic Practices Soil and Plant Macronutrients

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