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Evaluation of Darwin＇s fecundity advantage hypothesis in Parthenium beetle, Zygogramma bicolorata

Insect Science 2013年第4期20卷 531-540页

作者： Omkar and Uzma Afaq Ladybird Research Laboratory Department of Zoology University of Lucknow Lucknow 226007 India

In the Parthenium beetle, Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister （Coleoptera： Chrysomelidae）, variation in body size exists between and within the sexes. The females are larger than the males. Darwin （1874） proposed the fecundity advantage hypothesis, that is, large-sized females produce more progeny, with subsequent studies supporting, as well as, refuting the hypothesis. Thus, in order to evaluate whether this hypothesis stands in Z. bicolorata we performed experiments to investigate the role of body size in influencing：（i） assortative mating; （ii） reproductive attributes; and （iii） growth, development and survival of offspring. It is the first attempt in this beetle. We found that size influenced assortative mating, reproductive output and offspring fitness. Larger males and females were preferred as mates over smaller ones. The pairs, having larger adults as mates, had higher fecundity, while the egg viability was influenced by the male size only. The offspring of larger parents had fast development and higher survival, indicating thereby possible better nutrient allotment by the female and supply of accessory gland proteins by the male in addition to better quality of genes.

关键词： body size development fecundity offspring fitness reproductive success

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Maternal egg care enhances hatching success and offspring quality in an oviparous skink

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第3期17卷 468-477页

作者： Hongliang LU Jie WANG Chunquan KANG Weiguo DU Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration School of Life and Environmental SciencesHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouChina Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesInstitute of ZoologyBeijingChina

Maternal egg-caring behavior can often be observed in oviparous scincid *** expression of such behavior is predictably affected by the trade-off between its resultant costs and benefits for mothers and/or offspring,which has been investigated in only a few scincid ***,post-ovipositional Plestiodon chinensis females were treated to care for their egg clutches without interference,under simulated predation pressure,or to be *** maternal costs and offspring benefits associated with egg-caring behavior were then evaluated by measuring changes in maternal body condition,egg mortality,and hatchling ***-caring behavior caused post-ovipositional females to participate less in outside-nest activity,eat less food,and show relatively poorer body conditions at egg *** contrast,compared with care-deprived females,egg-caring females gained mass slightly faster,and achieved a similar body condition within a few months of *** that were cared for by their mothers were more likely to hatch and produced larger,faster-running and better-growing hatchlings with higher survival than uncared-for *** exposure to a potential predator had no distinct impact on maternal egg-caring behavior expression and offspring *** results indicated that marked benefits of offspring viability but minor maternal energy costs might play a decisive role in the occurrence of maternal egg-caring behavior in ***.

关键词： benefit-cost tradeoff egg mortality offspring fitness parental care Plestiodon chinensis

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Effect of carcass contamination on necrophagous invertebrate performance

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 795-803页

作者： Ellard R.Hunting Maarten Schrama Daniel E.Rozen Christina Joenssen Nadja R.Brun Institute of Environmental Sciences Leiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands. School of Biological Sciences University of BristolBristolUK. Naturalis Biodiversity Centre LeidenThe Netherlands. Institute of Biology Leiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands. Current Address:Department of Biological Sciences University of BergenBergenNorway

Background:The breakdown of dead organic matter is driven by a diverse array of organisms and is an important process increasingly impacted by a range of *** many studies have documented how contaminants affect food webs that are fueled by decaying plant litters,much less is known about how contaminants affect organisms that rely on dead animal ***,we begin to explore the effects of food contamination—using silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)as a model contaminant—on the carrion beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides that buries carcasses of small vertebrates in soils as food source and larval nursing ***:Our data show that a single ingestion of a non-lethal dose of 1μg mL^(−1) AgNPs by adult female beetles does not affect overall gut microbial activity but results in shifts in the gut microbial community composition towards pathogens including Alcaligenes,Morganella,and *** no effects were observed in offspring clutch size,some reductions were visible in clutch weight,number of larvae,and number of eclosing pupae in exposed *** in comparison with *** ingestion of AgNPs over several weeks led to a decrease in survival of adult beetles,suggesting that more environmentally realistic exposure scenarios can directly affect the success of carcass-feeding ***:Sub-lethal carcass contamination with a model pollutant can affect the gut microbial composition in female beetles and reduce offspring *** encourages consideration of currently overlooked propagation routes of contaminants through necrophagous food webs and inherent consequences for ecological and evolutionary processes.

关键词： Gut microbiome Maternal transfer offspring fitness DECOTAB Nanoparticles Bactericidal compounds Carrion beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides

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Maintenance of andromonoecy in an autogamous species:Superior male function in male flowers of the endangered Sagittaria guayanensis

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Plant Diversity 2024年第6期46卷 783-790页

作者： Sen-Tao Lyu Ting-Ting Zou Qi-Lin Jiang Xiao-Fan Wang Laboratory of Plant Systematics and Evolutionary Biology College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Andromonoecy is a rare sexual system in *** function of additional male flowers in andromonoecious species has been widely discussed;however,few studies have taken offspring fitness into *** addition,little is known about the mechanisms that maintain andromonoecy in autogamous *** this study,we compared morphology,pollinator preference,pollen production and export,siring ability,natural siring success,hundred seed dry weight,and seed germination rates between male and hermaphroditic flowers in an endangered autogamous andromonoecious species,Sagittaria *** flowers,which are larger than hermaphroditic flowers,required fewer resources to *** visited male flowers more frequently than they visited hermaphroditic *** addition,pollen production and export were higher in male *** pollination demonstrated that siring ability did not differ between flower ***,the natural siring success of male flowers was triple that of hermaphroditic *** seeds sired by male flowers performed better than those sired by hermaphroditic flowers,with greater dry weight and higher germination *** conclusion,male flowers may be superior pollen donors for *** maintenance of andromonoecy in *** may result from the better performance of male flowers in male function compared to that of hermaphroditic flowers.

关键词： Alismataceae Andromonoecy Autogamy Male function offspring fitness Sagittaria guayanensis

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