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ocimum sanctum extract preserves neuronal echotexture and controls seizure in lithium-pilocarpine induced status epilepticus rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2023年第11期13卷 479-487,I0009页

作者： Soumya Sucharita Pattnaik Sudhir Chandra Sarangi Deeksha Sharma Surabhi Sinha Tapas C Nag Aruna Nambirajan Manjari Tripathi Department of Pharmacology All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia Department of Anatomy All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia Department of Pathology All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia Department of Neurology All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia

Objective:To investigate the effect of ocimum sanctum hydroalcoholic extract(OSHE)on seizure control and neuronal injury in rats with lithium-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus(SE).Methods:SE was induced by administering lithium chloride followed by pilocarpine 24 h *** was administered either alone or in combination with valproate(VPA)3 days before SE induction until 14 days post-SE *** parameters were recorded on day 1(0-3 h),day 1-3 and day 4-14 *** day 14 post-SE,neurobehavioural tests(elevated plus maze and passive avoidance)were done followed by total antioxidant capacity,neuron-specific enolase,immunohistochemistry,and electron microscopic assessment in the hippocampus and cortex ***:OSHE+VPA provided more significant seizure protection(75%)than VPA(62.5%),OSHE(62.5%),or SE control(12.5%)(overall P=0.003).The latency to stage-3/4 seizures was increased and the number of stage-3/4 seizures was reduced in all treatment groups compared to the SE control group(P=0.002 and<0.001,respectively).The OSHE+VPA group also had better memory retention than other treatment groups(P<0.001)in the passive avoidance *** antioxidant capacity level was significantly higher and neuron-specific enolase was lower in the OSHE and OSHE+VPA groups compared to the SE control *** microscopic study showed significant myelin sheath damage(67.5%,P<0.05)and axonal degeneration(51.8%,P<0.001)in the hippocampus of the SE control group,which were alleviated by OSHE or OSHE+VPA *** immunohistochemical analysis,the OSHE,OSHE+VPA,and VPA groups had a significantly higher number of viable neurons and less neuronal loss compared to the SE control in the hippocampus(P<0.001).Conclusions:OSHE either alone or in combination with VPA shows better seizure control by preservation of neuronal echotexture and reducing oxidative stress in the hippocampus.

关键词： Status epilepticus ocimum sanctum Seizure protection Neuronal injury Electron microscopy

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Role of ocimum sanctum leaf extract on dietary supplementation in the transgenic Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2014年第10期12卷 777-781页

作者： Yasir Hasan Siddique Mohammad Faisal Falaq Naz Smita Jyoti Rahul Drosophila Transgenic Laboratory Section of GeneticsDepartment of ZoologyFaculty of Life SciencesAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarhUttar PradeshIndia Forest Entomology Division Forest Research InstituteDehradun

AIM: To evaluate the effect of ocimum sanctum leaf extract on the dietary supplementation in the transgenic Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease. METHOD: The effect of ocimum sanctum leaf extract was studied on the transgenic Drosophila model of flies expressing normal human alpha synuclein(h-αs) in the neurons. O. sanctum extract at final concentrations of 0.042 8 × 10-4, 0.87 × 10-4, and 1.85 × 10-4 g·mL-1 of diet were established and the flies were allowed to feed for 21 days. The climbing assay and lipid peroxidation were taken as parameters for the study. RESULTS: The supplementation of O. sanctum extract showed a dose-dependent significant delay in the loss of climbing ability and reduction in oxidative stress in the brain of PD model flies. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study showed that the O. sanctum extract is potent in reducing the PD symptoms in transgenic Drosophila model.

关键词： ocimum sanctum Parkinson's disease Drosophila model Climbing assay Lipid peroxidation

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Interaction study between ocimum sanctum and Glimepiride(sulfonylurea derivative) in diabetic rats

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2015年第3期24卷 156-163页

作者： Mohd Fasih Ahmad Raj K.Keservani D J Mani Babu Department of Pharmacology V. L. College of Pharmacy School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya

The present study was intended to discover the interaction between ocimum sanctum(O. sanctum) and Glimepiride, a sulfonylurea derivative used in the treatment of type-2 diabetes, in diabetic rats to suggest an alteration in the dose of Glimepiride in case of hypoglycaemia. LD50 studies for the aqueous extract of O. sanctum leaf were carried out in albino mice up to the dose level of 2000 mg/kg. O. sanctum at low, medium and high doses(100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, per oral), respectively and Glimepiride ?(half) therapeutic dose, therapeutic dose and 2 time therapeutic dose(0.036, 0.072 and 0.144 mg/200 g, per oral) were selected. After the treatment with O. sanctum and Glimepiride as single doses and in various combinations of these two drugs in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats serum glucose levels in all the groups were analysed by the glucose oxidase-peroxidase method. When administered alone as single doses both aqueous extract of O. sanctum leaf and Glimepiride produced a significant anti-diabetic effect in diabetic rats. The anti-diabetic effect observed with combination of aqueous extract of O. sanctum leaf and Glimepiride was significant and more when compared to either of the drugs given alone. There was a definite interaction that necessitates dose readjustment of Glimepiride and further glucose levels are to be frequently monitored to avoid complication of hypoglycemic condition with aqueous extract of O. sanctum leaf and Glimepiride combination.

关键词： Herb-drug interaction ocimum sanctum Glimepiride Type-2 diabetes

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Changes in growth and photosynthetic characteristics of ocimum sanctum under growth regulator treatments

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Frontiers in Biology 2009年第2期4卷 192-199页

作者： Vadakkemuriyil DIVYA NAIR Cheruth Abdul JALEEL Ragupathi GOPI Rajaram PANNEERSELVAM Stress Physiology Lab Department of BotanyAnnamalai UniversityTamil NaduIndia DMJM International(Cansult Maunsell/AECOM Ltd.) Consultant of Gardens Sector ProjectsAlain Municipality and Eastern EmiratesP.O.Box 1419Al-AinAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of growth regulators on growth characteristics such as root length,shoot length,total leaf area,number of inflorescence per plant,number of flower per inflorescence,whole plant fresh weight and whole plant dry *** characteristics were also analyzed based on the same *** this,various photosynthetic pigment contents such as chlorophyll,carotenoid,anthocyanin and xanthophyll content were *** conventional growth regulator abscisic acid(ABA)and non-conventional growth regulator triazole compound paclobutrazol(PBZ)were *** length increased due to growth regulator treatment,but shoot length *** area was decreased due to growth regulator *** number of inflorescence increased in ABA treated plants,but it was decreased in PBZ treated *** ABA treated plants,the number of flowers per inflorescence was *** PBZ treated plants the number of inflorescence was *** whole plant fresh weight(FW)and dry weight(DW)were increased in ABA and PBZ treated *** was an increase in chlorophyll content in growth regulator treated plants compared to control,and it was more in PBZ treated *** carotenoid content was also increased in ABA and PBZ treated plants.

关键词： abscisic acid(ABA) growth characteristics ocimum sanctum paclobutrazol(PBZ) photosynthetic characteristics

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The assessment of good and bad bacteria in holy basil(ocimum sanctum)leaves

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Infectious Diseases Research 2023年第4期4卷 1-21页

作者： Bhoj R Singh Mudit Chandra Himani Agri Ravichandran Karthikeyan Akanksha Yadav Varsha Jayakumar Division of Epidemiology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareilly 243122India Department of Veterinary Microbiology College of Veterinary SciencesGadvasuLudhianaPunjab 141012India

Holy basil(Tulsi,ocimum sanctum)is considered to be a pious *** is used not only in many of the rituals of Hindus but is also known for its innumerable medicinal *** basil leaves(HBLs)are often consumed raw thus it is pertinent to detect the bacteria on Tulsi *** study was conducted to understand the diversity of the aerobically growing microbiome of edible holy basil leaves.A total of 112 samples of leaves were collected from households of six localities in and around Bareilly,India for detecting culturable bacteria growing aerobically.A sum of 579 bacterial isolates belonging to 106 different species was *** agglomerans isolates were detected in 43 samples followed by isolates Virgibacillus pantothenticus(21),Bacillus coagulans(18),Bacillus cereus(17),Geobacillus stearothermophilus(16),Klebsiella pneumoniae(13),Citrobacter freundii(12),Lysinibacillus sphaericus(12),Acinetobacter calcoaceticus(11),Escherichia coli(11),and Xenorhabdus bovienii(11).Isolates of 95 species of bacteria were detected on<10 samples of *** 579 isolates,161 isolates detected in 68(60.71%)samples were of putatively good bacteria belonging to eight genera(Bacillus,Brevibacillus,Lysinibacillus,Paenibacillus,Photobacter,Siccibacter,Virgibacillus,Xenoirhabdus)and 23 ***,418 bacterial isolates detected in 108(96.43%)of the HBL samples were classified as potentially pathogenic for humans and animals belonging to 34 genera and 73 *** were only four samples(three from Mahanagar and one from Bhojipura)that had no potential pathogenic bacteria detected in this *** analysis indicated that HBL leaves from the ICAR-IVRI campus had a lower probability(P<0.04)of harbouring good bacteria than samples from Bhojpura,Mahanagar,North City and Rajendra *** inhibiting 96.72%of the isolates and carvacrol inhibiting 96.37%of the isolates were the best herbal antimicrobials and among antibiotics,meropenem inhibited 98.96%of bacte

关键词： ocimum sanctum antimicrobial susceptibility assay aerobic culture isolation good and bad bacteria

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Effects of four Indian medicinal herbs on Isoniazid-, Rifampicin- and Pyrazinamide-induced hepatic injury and immunosuppression in guinea pigs

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第23期13卷 3199-3205页

作者： Meghna R Adhvaryu Narsimha Reddy Minoo H Parabia Bapalal Vaidya Botanical Research Centre Department of Biosciences Veer Narmad South Gujarat University

AIM: To evaluate and compare the hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory effects of Curcuma longa (CL), ocimum sanctum (OS), Tinospora cordifolia (TC) and Zizyphus mauritiana (ZM) on liver injury and immunosuppression induced by Isoniazid (INH), Rifampicin (RIF) and Pyrazinamide (PZA). METHODS: Duncan Hartley guinea pigs, weighing 700-1050 g, were treated orally with 50 mg/kg of INH, 100 mg/kg of RIF and 300 mg/Kg of PZA for 21-d. 200 mg/kg (bw) of each herb crude extract was administered to the herb control group and 2-h previous to INH + RIF + PZA (AKT) doses to the Herb + AKT groups. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspertate aminotransferase (AST) bilirubin and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) were assessed on d 0 and 21 in all the groups. Phagocytic % (P%), Phagocytic Index (PI) and Chemotactic Index (CI) were also measured as immunologic parameters. Histological analysis was carried out to assess injury to the liver. RESULTS: The AKT treated control group showed hepatotoxicity as judged by elevated serum AST 5-fold, AST/ALT ratio 4-fold, ALP 2-fold and hepatological changes, such as focal necrosis, portal triaditis and steatosis. Immune function was suppressed as judged by decreased P% (51.67 ?1.68 vs 40.61 ?1.28, P < 0.01), PI (2.0725±0.05 vs 0.61±0.05, P < 0.001) and CI (1.8525±0.04 vs 0.695±0.07, P < 0.001). All four herb treated groups showed normal liver histology, enzyme levels and increased P%, while PI and CI were enhanced in the TC and ZM treated groups, respectively. CL + AKT, TC + AKT and ZM + AKT showed nearly normal histology with minimal inflammation and microvesicular steatosis, while OS + AKT showed partial protection. Hepatotoxicity was prevented by restricting the rise of AST by 2-fold in CL + AKT and TC + AKT groups and by 3-fold in OS + AKT and ZM + AKT groups, AST/ALT by 2-fold and ALP to normal levels in all four groups. All four herb + AKT groups showed normal to enhanced neutrophil function. CONCLUSION: All four herbs showed hepatoprotecti

关键词： Isoniazid Rifampicin Pyrazinamide Hepatotoxicity Curcuma longa ocimum sanctum Tinospora cordifolia Zizyphus mauritiana Hepatoprotective Immunomodulatory

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Antiplasmodial activity of silver nanoparticles: A novel green synthesis approach

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第5期8卷 268-272页

作者： Madhur Sardana Varnika Agarwal Akansha Pant Vinita Kapoor Kailash C.Pandey Sanjay Kumar Department of Chemistry Sri Venkateswara College University of Delhi National Institute of Malaria Research ICMR Department of Biochemistry National Institute for Research in Environmental HealthICMR

Objective:To synthesize silver nanoparticles using silver nitrate by a green technique which involves different compositions of aqueous leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica(neem)and ocimum sanctum(tulsi).Methods:Their shape and size were determined using transmission electron microscopy and UV-visible *** antiplasmodial activity was studied using the malarial parasite strain(Plasmodium falciparum,3D7).The parasite strain(3D7)was collected and revived in vitro using Trager and Jensen method in RPMI 1640 medium for *** maximal effective concentration values were calculated by nonlinear regression ***:Transmission electron microscopy results confirmed the formation of silver nanoparticles with size ranging from 4.74-39.32 nm and their size differs by varying the concentrations from 20%to 100%of neem extract in neem and tulsi *** was observed that samples B and C showed half maximum effective concentration of about 0.3μ***:It can be easily established that the aqueous leaf extracts of neem and tulsi in combination can be a good source for synthesis of silver nanoparticles with small size possessing appreciable antiplasmodial activity.

关键词： Malaria Antiplasmodial activity Silver nanoparticles Green synthesis Azadirachta indica ocimum sanctum

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