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Simulated effect of sunshade solar geoengineering on the global carbon cycle

Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第9期61卷 1306-1315页

作者： Jiu JIANG Han ZHANG Long CAO Department of Atmospheric Sciences School of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University

Solar geoengineering has been proposed as a potential mechanism to counteract global wanning. Here we use the University of Victoria Earth System Model （UVic） to simulate the effect of idealized sunshade geoengineering on the global carbon cycle. We conduct two simulations. The first is the A2 simulation, where the model is driven by prescribed emission scenario based on the SRES A2 COz emission pathway. The second is the solar geoengineering simulation in which the model is driven by the A2 CO2 emission scenario combined with sunshade solar geoengineering. In the model, solar geoengineering is represented by a spatially uniform reduction in solar insolation that is implemented at year 2020 to offset CO2-induced global mean surface temperature change. Our results show that solar geoengineering increases global carbon uptake relative to A2, in particular CO2 uptake by the terrestrial biosphere. The increase in land carbon uptake is mainly associated with increased net primary production （NPP） in the tropics in the geoengineering simulation, which prevents excess warming in tropics. By year 2100, solar geoengineering decreases A2-simulated atmospheric CO2 by 110 ppm （12%） and causes a 60% （251 Pg C） increase in land carbon accumulation compared to A2. Solar geoengineering also prevents the reduction in ocean oxygen concentration caused by increased ocean temperatures and decreased ocean ventilation, but reduces global ocean NPE Our results suggest that to fully access the climate effect of solar geoengineering, the response of the global carbon cycle should be taken into account.

关键词： Solar geoengineering Carbon cycle Climate change ocean biogeochemistry

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The oceanic cycles of the transition metals and their isotopes

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Acta Geochimica 2017年第3期36卷 359-362页

作者： Derek Vance Corey Archer Susan H.Little Michael Kobberich Gregory F.de Souza Department of Earth Sciences Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology ETH Zürich Clansiusstrasse 25 8092 Zürich Switzerland Department of Earth Science and Engineering Imperial College London South Kensington Campus Exhibition Road London SW7 2AZ UK

The stable isotope systems of the transition metals potentially provide constraints on the current and past operation of the biological pump,and on the state of ocean redox in Earth *** we focus on two exemplar metals,nickel(Ni)and zinc(Zn).The oceanic dissolved pool of both elements is isotopically heavier than the known inputs,implying an output with light isotope *** modern oceanic cycle of both these elements is dominated by biological uptake into photosynthesised organic matter and output to *** is increasingly clear,however,that such uptake is associated with only very minor isotope *** suggest that the isotopic balance is instead closed by the sequestration of light isotopes to sulphide in anoxic and organic-rich sediments,so that it is ocean chemistry that controls these isotope systems,and suggesting a different but equally interesting array of questions in Earth history that can be addressed with these systems.

关键词： ocean biogeochemistry Metal micronutrients Stable isotopes

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Effects of solar radiation modification on the ocean carbon cycle:An earth system modeling study

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Atmospheric and oceanic Science Letters 2022年第3期15卷 56-63页

作者： Xiaoyu Jin Long Cao Jingyu Zhang Department of Atmospheric Sciences School of Earth SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

Solar radiation modification(SRM,also termed as geoengineering)has been proposed as a potential option to counteract anthropogenic *** underlying idea of SRM is to reduce the amount of sunlight reaching the atmosphere and surface,thus offsetting some amount of global ***,the authors use an Earth system model to investigate the impact of SRM on the global carbon cycle and ocean *** authors simulate the temporal evolution of global climate and the carbon cycle from the pre-industrial period to the end of this century under three scenarios:the RCP4.5 CO_(2) emission pathway,the RCP8.5 CO_(2) emission pathway,and the RCP8.5 CO_(2) emission pathway with the implementation of SRM to maintain the global mean surface temperature at the level of *** simulations show that SRM,by altering global climate,also affects the global carbon *** to the RCP8.5 simulation without SRM,by the year 2100,SRM reduces atmospheric CO_(2) by 65 ppm mainly as a result of increased CO_(2) uptake by the terrestrial ***,SRM-induced change in atmospheric CO_(2) and climate has a small effect in mitigating ocean *** the year 2100,relative to RCP8.5,SRM causes a decrease in surface ocean hydrogen ion concentration([H^(+)])by 6% and attenuates the seasonal amplitude of[H^(+)]by about 10%.The simulations also show that SRM has a small effect on globally integrated ocean net primary productivity relative to the high-CO_(2) simulation without *** study contributes to a comprehensive assessment of the effects of SRM on both the physical climate and the global carbon cycle.

关键词： Solar radiation modification Geoengineering Carbon cycle ocean acidification ocean biogeochemistry

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