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World Journal of Hepatology 2011年第2期3卷 56-60页

作者： Kiyotaka Fujise Keiko Tatsuzawa Midori Kono Sadayori Hoshina Akihito Tsubota Minoru Niiya Yoshihisa Namiki Norio Tada Hisao Tajiri Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineKashiwa HospitalThe Jikei University School of MedicineChiba277-8567Japan Institute of Clinical Medicine and Research The Jikei University School of Medicine Chiba277-8567Japan Department of Laboratory Medicine The Jikei University School of MedicineTokyo 105-8461Japan

There are cases of hepatitis involving occult hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection in which,even though the HB surface antigen(HBsAg)is negative,HBV-DNA is detected by a polymerase chain reaction(PCR).We con-ducted a sequence analysis of the entire HBV region in a case of non-B non-C chronic hepatitis in a 46-yearold female.A diagnosis of non-B non-C chronic hepatitis was *** HBV markers,such as HBs antibody(anti-HBs),anti-HBc,HBeAg and anti-HBe,were negative,HBV-DNA was *** PCR was performed to amplify the precore region of HBV-DNA and all remaining regions by long nested *** analysis of the two obtained bands was conducted by direct *** with the control strains,the ATG(Methionine)start codon in the X region had mut ated to GTG(Valine).It is assumed that a mutation at the start codon in the X region may be the reason why HBV markers are negative in some cases of hepatitis that involve occult HBV infection.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus X region Mutation Non-B non-C chronic hepatitis occult infection

The Management of Maxillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma―A Retrospective Study

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2014年第12期5卷 1065-1071页

作者： Yoav Leiser Keren Yudovich Michal Barak Imad Abu El Naaj Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Rambam Health Care Campus Haifa Israel Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion Haifa Israel The Molecular Laboratory for Oral Cancer Research Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Rambam Health Care Campus Haifa Israel Department of Anesthesiology Rambam Medical Center Haifa Israel Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Baruch Padeh Medical Center Puriya Israel

Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the predominant neoplastic tumor that occurs in the oral cavity. SCC arising from the maxillary gingiva, hard palate and maxillary alveolus is relatively rare. Since soft tissue barrier is thin, the diagnosis of cancer in these regions is usually ulcerative and invasive to the underlying bone already in the early stages of the disease. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate our data regarding the management of loco-regional lymph nodes and the efficacy of neck dissection in the clinically negative neck when maxillary squamous cell carcinoma is diagnosed. Furthermore, we wish to establish the role of prophylactic neck dissection and T stage from which it should be implemented. Methods: Archival records of oncological patients that were treated for SCC of the maxillary alveolus, hard palate and gingiva were collected. Overall 20 patients met the inclusion criteria, 11 men and 9 women. Average age of first diagnosis was 68 years. Results: At initial examination, 2 patients (10%) had clinically positive lymph nodes and undergone therapeutic neck dissection. The remaining 18 patients had clinically N0 necks. Five patients (28%) had occult positive lymph nodes following prophylactic neck dissection. One of the patients had a primary resection with no neck treatment. This patient eventually developed metastases in the neck two month post-surgery (occult disease). The overall positive lymph nodes in maxillary squamous cell carcinoma were 40% (8/20) with an occult metastasis rate of 33% (6/18). Disease specific mortality was 45% (9/20). Conclusion: In the present study, the majority of patients that were diagnosed with occult metastatic disease were either large tumors (T4, 60%) or with moderate to poor differentiation (mood-poor 80%). We conclude that patients who are present with a high grade (moderate-poor) large or invasive maxillary SCC (T2-T4), a prophylactic selective neck dissection (levels I-III) s

关键词： Maxillary SCC Neck Dissection Prophylactic occult Metastasis

Sample preference for colorectal cancer screening tests: Blood or stool?

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2012年第3期2卷 326-331页

作者： Joanne M. Osborne Carlene Wilson Vivienne Moore Tess Gregory Ingrid Flight Graeme P. Young CSIRO Preventative Research Flagship Adelaide Australia Discipline of Public Health University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia Flinders Centre for Cancer Prevention and Control Flinders University of South Australia Adelaide Australia

Objective: Despite the high prevalence of CRC and the proven benefits of faecal sampling tests, participation rates in CRC screening are suboptimal. Literature has identified a number of barriers to participation, including faecal aversion. Emerging test technologies suggest blood-based molecular markers might provide an alternative, more acceptable option, for CRC screening tests. We aim to determine preference for blood compared to faeces as the sample for the screening test. Methods: A survey was mailed to 956 South Australians aged 50 to 74 years. Data were collected on sample preference, demographic variables, and ratings of screening test convenience and comfort. Results: The survey yielded a 43% response rate. The majority of participants preferred to provide a blood sample (78% v 22%, p < 0.001). Women were more likely to prefer blood than men (82% vs 74%, p = 0.05). Sample experience influenced preferences, with a significantly higher preference for faeces among participants with experience in faecal sampling (27% vs 17% with no experience, p < 0.05). Participants who preferred to provide a faecal sample rated it significantly more convenient (p < 0.001), more comfortable (p < 0.001), and more acceptable (p < 0.001) than those who preferred blood sampling. Conclusions: Survey participants overwhelmingly indicate a preference for the idea of a blood sample over a faecal sample for CRC screening. Preference was influenced by gender, experience with sampling method and the individual’s perception of sampling convenience, sampling comfort and sample acceptability. Our results suggest population participation rates are likely to improve with blood-based screening tests.

关键词： Colon Cancer Screening Faecal occult Blood Test Sample Preference Stool Sampling Blood Sampling Participation

Colorectal cancer screening use among insured adults: Is out-of-pocket cost a barrier to routine screening?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2018年第4期9卷 31-38页

作者： Abhilash Perisetti Hafiz Khan Nayana E George Rachana Yendala Aamrin Rafiq Summre Blakely Drew Rasmussen Nathan Villalpando Hemant Goyal Department of Gastroenterology University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Department of Public Health Texas Tech University Health Sciences Department of Internal Medicine University of Arkansas Medical Sciences Department of Hematology and Oncology Texas Tech University Health Sciences Department of Biological Sciences Texas Tech University School of Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Department of Internal Medicine Mercer University School of Medicine

AIM To describe the characteristics of adults who needed to see a doctor in the past year but could not due to the extra cost and assess the impact of limited financial resources on the receipt of routine fecal occult blood test, sigmoidoscopy, or colonoscopy for colon cancer screening among insured patients. METHODS Data obtained from the 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System included 215436 insured adults age 50-75 years. We computed frequencies, adjusted odds ratios(a ORs), and 95%CIs using SAS v9.3 software. RESULTS Nine percent of the study population needed to see a doctor in the past year but could not because of cost. The numbers were significantly higher among those aged 50-64(P occult blood test within last year a OR = 0.88; 95%CI: 0.76-1.02, sigmoidoscopy within last year a OR = 0.72; 95%CI: 0.48-1.07, colonoscopy within the last year a OR = 0.91; 95%CI: 0.81-1.02. CONCLUSION We found that the limited financial resources within the past 12 mo were significantly associated with colorectal cancer(CRC) non-screening. Patients with risk factors identified in this study should adhere to CRC guidelines and should receive financial help if needed.

关键词： Fecal occult blood Healthcare delivery Sigmoidoscopy Colorectal cancer Screening Access to care Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

Colorectal cancer screening: Opportunities to improve uptake, outcomes, and disparities

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2016年第20期8卷 733-740页

作者： Neal Shahidi Winson Y Cheung Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6Z 2K5 Canada Division of Medical Oncology Department of Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V5Z 4E6 Canada British Columbia Cancer Agency VancouverBC V5Z 4E6 Canada

Colorectal cancer screening has become a standard of care in industrialized nations for those 50 to 75 years of age,along with selected high-risk *** colorectal cancer screening has been shown to reduce both the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer,it is a complex multi-disciplinary process with a number of important steps that require optimization before tangible improvements in outcomes are *** both opportunistic and programmatic colorectal cancer screening,poor participant uptake remains an ongoing ***,current screening modalities(such as the guaiac based fecal occult blood test,fecal immunochemical test and colonoscopy) may be used or performed suboptimally,which can lead to missed neoplastic lesions and unnecessary endoscopic *** latter poses the risk of adverse events,such as perforation and post-polypectomy bleeding,as well as financial impacts to the healthcare ***,ongoing disparities in colorectal cancer screening persist among marginalized populations,including specific ethnic minorities(African Americans,Hispanics,Asians,Indigenous groups),immigrants,and those who are economically *** this context,we aimed to review the current literature on these important areas pertaining to colorectal cancer screening,particularly focusing on the guaiac based fecal occult blood test,the fecal immunochemical test and colonoscopy.

关键词： Fecal occult blood test Fecal immunochemical test Colonoscopy Neoplasia Polyp

Management of computed tomography scan detected hemothorax in blunt chest trauma:What computed tomography scan measurements say?

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World Journal of Radiology 2018年第12期10卷 184-189页

作者： Mahdi Malekpour Kenneth Widom James Dove Joseph Blansfield Mohsen Shabahang Denise Torres Jeffrey L Wild Department of Surgery Section of Trauma and Acute Care SurgeryGeisinger Medical Center

AIM To investigate the hemothorax size for which tube thoracostomy is *** Over a 5-year period, we included all patients who were admitted with blunt chest trauma to our level 1 trauma center. Focus was placed on identifying the hemothorax size requiring tube *** A total number of 274 hemothoraces were studied. All patients with hemothoraces measuring above 3 cm received a chest tube. The 50% predicted probability of tube thoracostomy was 2 cm. Pneumothorax was associated with odds of receiving tube thoracostomy for hemothoraces below 2 cm(Odds Ratio:4.967, 95%CI: 2.225-11.097, P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION All patients with a hemothorax size greater than 3% underwent tube thoracostomy. Prospective studies are warranted to elucidate the clinical outcome of patients with smaller hemothoraces.

关键词： Chest trauma Blunt Hemothorax Chest tube occult Computed tomography scan

Current hepatitis B virus infection situation in Indonesia and its genetic diversity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第32期22卷 7264-7274页

作者： Maria Inge Lusida Juniastuti Yoshihiko Yano Institute of Tropical Disease Airlangga Health Science Institute Airlangga University Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University Center for Infectious Diseases Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine

Indonesia has a moderate to high endemicity of hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection. The risk for chronic HBV infection is highest among those infected during infancy. Since 1997, hepatitis B(Hep B) vaccination of newborns has been fully integrated into the National Immunization Program. Al though HBV infection has been reduced by the universal newborn Hep B immunization program, it continues to occur in Indonesia. The low birth dose coverage and the presence of vaccine escape mutants might contribute to this endemicity among children. Although limited information is available for an analysis of occult HBV infection(OBI), several variations and substitutions in the pre-S/S region have been detected in Indonesian HBV strains. Additionally, persistent infection and disease progression of chronic hepatitis B are related to not only viral factors but also the host genome. Indonesia is one of the most ethnically heterogeneous nations, with Javanese and Sundanese as the two highest ethnic groups. This multi-ethnicity makes genomic research in Indonesia difficult. In this article, we focused on and reviewed the following aspects: the current hepatitis B immunization program and its efficacy, OBI, HBV infection among high-risk patients, such as hemodialysis patients, and research regarding the host genome in Indonesia.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Immunization occult infection Hemodialysis Indonesia

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Hepatitis

China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine) 2008年第3期25卷 172-175页

2008449 A cross-sectional survey of occult hepatitis B virus infection in HIV-infected patients. MA Jianxin(马建新), et *** Infect Dis, Shanghai Public Health Clin Center, Shanghai 201508. Chin J Intern Med 2008;47(7)... 详细信息

关键词： occult infected prevalence sectional Infect genotype hepatocyte Hepatitis interferon antiviral

Familial colorectal cancer screening: When and what to do?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第26期21卷 7944-7953页

作者： Giovanna Del Vecchio Blanco Omero Alessandro Paoluzi Pierpaolo Sileri Piero Rossi Giuseppe Sica Francesco Pallone Department of Systems Medicine Gastroenterology UnitUniversity Tor Vergata Department of Surgery University Tor Vergata Department of Experimental Science and Surgery University Tor Vergata

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the third leading cause of death worldwide and represents a clinical *** members of patients affected by CRC have an increased risk of CRC *** these individuals,screening is strongly recommended and should be started earlier than in the population with average risk,in order to detect neoplastic precursors,such as adenoma,advanced adenoma,and nonpolypoid adenomatous lesions of the *** occult blood test(FOBT) is a non invasive,widespread screening method that can reduce CRC-related ***,alone or in addition to FOBT,represents another screening strategy that reduces CRC *** is the best choice for screening highrisk populations,as it allows simultaneous detection and removal of preneoplastic *** choice of test depends on local health policy and varies among countries.

关键词： Colonoscopy Colorectal cancer screening Fecal occult blood test Advanced adenoma Firstdegreerelative Sigmoidoscopy

Arterial Ischemic Stroke as a First Manifestation of Trousseau’s Syndrome

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2012年第1期3卷 43-45页

作者： Mustafa Gokce Elif Murruvet Benli Aytac Dinc 不详

Malignancy related hypercoagulobility can manifest as acute arterial infarction, non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis and thrombophlebitis. Rarely, ischemic stroke may be first symptom for a systemic occult cancer. We presented 62-year-old man who had recurrent stroke as the initial manifestation of an occult neoplastic process. Subsequently, the patient had venous thrombotic disease that led to the diagnosis of the malignancy. Conclusions: Acute or sub-acute multiple ischemic stroke may be the first manifestation of in an occult cancer.

关键词： Malignancy Paraneoplestic Stroke occult Cancer Hiperkoagulobility Ischemic Stroke