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Effects of different levels of urea supplementation on nutrient intake and growth performance in growing camels fed roughage based complete pellet diets

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第4期1卷 356-361页

作者： Ntiranyibagira Emmanuel Niteen V.Patil Shekbar R.Bhagwat Abdul Lateef Kang Xu Hongnan Liu Faculté d’Agronomie et de Bio-Ingénierie(FABI) Université du Burundi National Research Centre on Camel Indian Council for Agriculture Research College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University Department of Physiology and Biochemistry College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of Sciences

The utilization of urea in camels has beneficial and negative effects. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of different levels of urea supplementation on nutrients intake, digestibility,growth performance, feed efficiency and economics in growing camels fed roughage based complete pellet diets. In the present study, eighteen growing camels with an average live body weight of306.17 ± 2.05 kg were randomly assigned in three treatments: T1 = roughage complete pellet diet without urea,T2 = T1 plus 1% urea,and T3 = T1 plus 2% urea. The results showed that the urea supplementation significantly affected average daily feed and nutrient intake of dry matter(DM), organic matter(OM), crude protein(CP), neutral detergent fiber(NDF), and acid detergent fiber(ADF)(P intake of nitrogen free extract(NFE) and water were not influenced by increasing urea supplementation(P > 0.05). Similarly, digestion coefficient of DM, CP, ether extract(EE),crude fiber(CF) and ADF was influenced by increasing urea level(P 0.05). The intake of digestive nutrients was similar among all treatment groups. Total body live weight gain and average daily gain were significantly higher in urea supplemented groups(P nutrients intake, digestibility, growth performance and feed conversion efficiency of growing camels.

关键词： Urea nutrient intake Growth performance Complete pellet diet Feed conversion ratio

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nutrient intake of Rural Households That Participated in a Farming System for Nutrition Study in India

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2021年第3期12卷 277-289页

作者： D. J. Nithya S. Raju R. V. Bhavani Akshaya Kumar Panda Rupal D. Wagh Brinda Viswanathan MS Swaminathan Research Foundation Chennai India Madras School of Economics Chennai India

Food based approach can prove effective in improving access and availability of nutrients from foods required for daily life where most of the people depend on agriculture for their livelihood. A study on feasibility of Farming Systems for Nutrition (FSN) approach was undertaken from 2013 to 2018 in a few villages of Koraput district, Odisha state and Wardha district, Maharashtra state in India. Interventions were done to increase crop diversity, intercropping of pulses and cereals, promotion of seasonal vegetables and fruits along with nutrition awareness. The endline survey showed increase in production diversity leading to improved household dietary diversity. This paper demonstrates the impact of FSN interventions on household nutrient intake. The results show that the intake of nutrients like protein, vitamin C, iron and calcium increased significantly in Koraput and all the nutrients including energy and vitamin A increased significantly in Wardha. The evidence shows that Farming System for Nutrition approach improves individual nutrient intake which in the long run can address the problem of undernutrition.

关键词： Farming Systems for Nutrition nutrient intake Recommended Dietary Allowance nutrient Source

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nutrient intakes of Pregnant Women and their Associated Factors in Eight Cities of China： A Cross-sectional Study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第13期128卷 1778-1786页

作者： Fang-Li Liu Yu-Mei Zhang Gerard Vinyes Pares Kathleen C Reidy Wen-Zhi Zhao Ai Zhao Cheng Chen Celia Y Ning Ying-Dong Zheng Pei-Yu Wang Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Center Beijing 100191 China Nestle Research Center Beijing 100095 China Global Meals and Drinks Nestle Infant N'utdtion Flor'ham Park N J USA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Center Beijing 100191 China

Background： During tile last 3 decades, China has dramatic changes of the dietary pattern among its citizens, particularly in urban cities. This study aimed to determine the nutrient intake status and factors associated with nutrient intakes of urban Chinese pregnant women now-a-day. Methods： The multistage stratified random sampling method was applied in the cross-sectional study. 479 women in three trimesters of pregnancy from eight cities of China were recruited. nutrient intakes were evaluated with one 24 h dietary recall, and compared with the Chinese Dietary Reference intakes （DRIs） 2013 tbr available nutrients. Results： Most pregnant women had imbalanced macronutrient distribution with excessive energy derived from fat. intakes of Vitamin A, B, calcium, magnesium, and selenium were below Chinese Recommended nutrient intake （RNI） and Estimated Average Requirements （EARs） in all trimesters. Most pregnant women took more tblic acid in the first trimester with a significant decrease in the second and third trimester （P 〈 0.05）. Shortfall in iron intake was tbund in the third trimester whereas some women may be at the risk of excessive iron intake. intakes of thiamin met RNI in the first trimester but were below EAR in all trimesters. Trimester phasing was positively associated with most nutrients （P 〈 0.05）. Prepregnancy body mass index was inversely associated with energy, tht, Vitamin C, and calcium intake （P 〈 0.05）. Educational level and household income were positively associated with folic acid intake （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions： Cunent prenatal dietary choices of urban pregnant women in China are imbalanced in the nutrient intake when compared with national DRIs 2013, particularly in intakes of energy derived from fat and micronutrients. Appropriate dietary advice to pregnant women should promote a balanced diet with emphasis on avoidance of foods of high fat content and incorporation of t＇oods that are good sources of the key micronutrients that are usually l

关键词： Dietary Assessment: Fat nutrient intake Physiological Status Pregnant Women

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Association of a Tobacco-specific Nitrosamine Carcinogen with Urinary Cotinine,Urinary Sodium Excretion,and Total Energy intake in Adolescents and Children

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Current Medical Science 2021年第2期41卷 270-278页

作者： Jong Weon Choi Tatsuyoshi Fujii Noriyoshi Fujii Department of Laboratory Medicine College of MedicineInha UniversityIncheon 22332Republic of Korea Deparment of Intermnal Medicine Tsukuba University Hospital Mito Clinical Education and Training CenterMito Kyodo General HospitalMito 310-0015Japan School of Medicine School of Medicine and Medical SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukuba 305-8577Japan

This study investigated the association of a tobacco-specific nitrosamine carcinogen,4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridy1)-I-butanol(NNAL)with urinary cotinine(uCot),urinary sodium(uNa)excretion,systolic blood pressure(sBP),and total energy intake in adolescents and children in relation to the subjects'age.A total of 790 subjects aged 6-19 years were ***,uCot,corrected NNAL(cNNAL),the NNAL/uCot ratio,uNa,sBP,and nutrient intake were measured.A strong association between uCot and cNNAL was observed in children who were 11 years of age(r=0.881,Pintake than those without elevated NNAL/uCot ratios(1729.0 kcal/day vs.1911.0 kcal/day,P=0.008).The relationship between NNAL and uCot varied according to the subjects'*** seems to play a role in decreasing sBP by enhancing uNa *** nutrient intake may contribute to endogenous formation of NNAL in non-smoking adolescents and children.

关键词： nitrosamine cotinine urinary sodium excretion nutrient intake blood pressure

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Effects of supplementation of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatá and Napier grass with Desmodium distortum on feed intake,digesta kinetics and milk production in crossbred dairy cows

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第2期4卷 222-227页

作者： Mupenzi Mutimura Cyprian Ebong Idupulapati M.Rao Ignatius V.Nsahlai Rwanda Agriculture Board Department of Animal Production Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in Eastern and Central Africa International Centre for Tropical Agriculture United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServicePlant Polymer Research UnitNational Center for Agricultural Utilization Research University of Kwa Zulu-Natal School of AgriculturalEarth and Environmental SciencesDepartment of Animal Science and Poultry SciencePietermaritzburg Campus

This study was planned to analyse the basis that make Brachiaria species with greater feeding value than Napier grass(Pennisetum purpureum) for lactating dairy *** lactating crossbred cows were stallfed on Brachiaria brizantha *** or Napier grass *** Cameroon supplemented(mixed on fresh matter basis) or unsupplemented with Desmodium distortum, a forage *** cows were fed on fresh matter basis under small-holder farming *** showed that *** *** had higher contents of dry matter(DM), crude protein(CP) and organic matter(OM), but lower contents of neutral detergent fibre(NDF) and acid detergent fibre(ADF) than Napier grass(P intakes of CP and metabolizable energy(ME; P nutrient intake, hence resulting in higher milk yields than supplementation of Napier grass.

关键词： Brachiaria grass Tropical grasses Napier grass nutrient intake Legume supplementation Retention time

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A Participant-assigned Interventional Research of Precesarean Internal Iliac Artery Balloon Catheterization for Managing Intraoperative Hemorrhage of Placenta Previa and Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders After Cesarean Section

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Current Medical Science 2021年第2期41卷 336-341页

作者： Yao FAN Xun GONG Nan WANG Ke-tao MU Ling FENG Fu-yuan QIAO Su-hua CHEN Wan-jiang ZENG Hai-yi LIU Yuan-yuan WU Qiong ZHOU Yuan TIAN Qiang LI Yin XIE Fan-fan LI Meng-zhou HE Rajluxmee Beejadhursing Dong-rui DENG Xiao-yan XU Department of Gynecology and Obstrics Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Department of Interventional Radiology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Placenta accreta spectrum disorder (PASD) and placenta previa (PP) are two of the mosthideous obstetric complications which are usually associated with a history of cesarean section(CS). Moreover, women with PASD, PP and/or a cesarean scarred uterus are more likely to haveadverse pregnancy outcomes, including blood transfusion, hysterectomy, pelvic organs damage,postpartum hemorhage, disseminated intravascular coagulation, multi-organ dysfunction syndromeand even maternal or fetal death. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of precesareaninternal iliac artery balloon catheterization (BC) for managing severe hemorhage caused by PASDand PP with a history of CS. This participant-assigned interventional study was conducted inTongji Hospital. We recruited 128 women with suspected PASD, PP and a history of CS. Womenin the BC group accepted precesarean BC of bilateral internal iliac arteries before the scheduledcesarean delivery. Women in the control group underwent a conventional cesarean *** hemorrhage, transfusion volume, radiation dose, exposure time, complicationsand neonatal outcomes were discussed. There were significant differences in calculated bloodloss (CBL) between BC group and control group (1015.0±144.9 vs. 1467.0±171.0 mL, P=0.04).Precesarean BC could reduce intraoperative red blood cell (RBC) transfusion as compared withcontrol group (799.5±136.1 vs. 1286.0±161.6 mL, P=0.02) and lessen the rate of using bloodproducts (57.1% vs. 76.4%, P=0.02). The incidence of hysterectomy was also lower in BC groupthan in control group. Postpartum outcomes showed no significant differences between the twogroups, except that postoperation hospitalization was longer in BC group than in control group(6.7±0.4 vs. 5.8±0.2 days, P=0.03). Precesarean BC of internal iliac artery is an effective methodfor managing severe hemorrhage caused by PASD and PP with a cesarean scarred uterus, as it couldreduce intraoperative blood loss, lessen intraoperative RBC

关键词： nitrosamine cotinine urinary sodium excretion nutrient intake blood pressure

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Relatively High Bone Mineral Density in Chinese Adolescent Dancers Despite Lower Energy intake and Menstrual Disorder

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2010年第2期23卷 130-136页

作者： LI-CHEN YANG YAN LAN JING HU YAN-HUA YANG QIAN ZHANG ZHEN-WU HUANG JIAN-HUA PIAO Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 100050 China Beijing Dance Academy Beijing 100081 China

Objective The effect of dietary restriction, intense exercise and menstrual dysfunction on bone mineral density remains controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the skeletal health status and relationship between bone mineral density and nutrient intake, menstrual status, estrogen level and other factos in Chinese adolescent dancers. Methods Sixty dancers and 77 healthy controls underwent measurements of bone density, body composition, and estrogen level. nutrient intake, menstrual status and physical activity were assessed with questionnaires. The correlation between these factors were analyzed. Results The dancers under study had a significantly lean body mass index （18.3±1.4 kg/m^2 vs. 21.7±3.1 kg/m^2）, lower percentage of body fat （0.25±0.05 vs. 0.34±0.04） and later age at menarche （14.0±0.9 y vs. 13.0±1.3 y）, and the estrogen level, daily calorie and fat intake in them were also lower than in the controls. All the dancers undertook intensive physical activity every day and up to 69% of them suffered from irregular menarche. Yet they had relatively high BMD and BMC of the total body and legs than the controls after adjusting for BM1 and age. Site-specific BMD was positively correlated to BMI, body composition and training hours per week and negatively correlated to the age at menarche and menstrual frequency. Conclusions The relatively high BMD and BMC of the dancers at the total body and legs were probably caused by high levels of weight-bearing physical activity. To ameliorate disordered eating, especially low energy intake might be helpful to prevent the Triad and to improve the bone health in adolescent dancers.

关键词： Adolescent dancers Bone mineral density nutrient intake Menstrual status Estrogen level

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Nutritional factors and gastric cancer in Zhoushan Islands, China

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第28期11卷 4311-4316页

作者： Jiong-Liang Qiu Jian-Ning Zheng Kun Chen Jian-Yue Wang Li-Jun Zhang Li-Ming Sui Department of Health and Quarantine Ningbo Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine BureauNingbo 315012 Zhejiang Province China Department of Epidemiology Zhejiang University School of Public Health Hangzhou 310006 Zhejiang Province China Zhoushan Center for Disease Prevention and Control Zhoushan 316000 Zhejiang Province China Jiangdong Center for Disease Prevention and Control Ningbo 315000 Zhejiang Province China

AIM: To investigate the association between nutrient intakes and high incidence rate of gastric cancer among residents in Zhoushan ***: A frequency-matched design of case-control study was used during the survey on dietary factors and gastric cancer in Zhoushan Islands, China. A total of 103 cases of gastric cancer diagnosed in 2001 were included in the study and 133 controls were randomly selected from the residents in Zhoushan Islands. A food frequency questionnaire was specifically designed for the Chinese dietary pattern to collect information on dietary intake. A computerized database of the dietary and other relative information of each participant was completed. Total calories and 15 nutrients were calculated according to the food composition table and their adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by gender using unconditional logistic regression ***: High intakes of protein, saturated fat, and cholesterol were observed with the increased risk of gastric cancer particularly among males (ORQ4 vsQ1 were 10.3, 3.24, 2.76 respectively). While carbohydrate was a significant high-risk nutrient (ORQ4 vsQ1 = 14.8; Pfor linear trend = 0.024) among females. Regardless of their gender, the cases reported significantly higher daily intake of sodium mainly from salts. As to the nutrients of vitamins A and C, an inversed association with the risk of GC was found. Baseline characteristics of participants were briefly ***: The findings from this study confirm the role of diet-related exposure in the etiology of gastric cancer from the point of view of epidemiology. An increased risk of gastric cancer is associated with high intakes of protein, saturated fat, cholesterol and sodium,while consumption of polyunsaturated fat, vitamin A and ascorbic acid may have a protective effect against gastric cancer.

关键词： Gastric cancer nutrient intake Case-control Risk factor Protective effect Antioxidants

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Evaluation of Care Quality Related to Dietary intake and Swallowing Functions of Residents at Long-Term Facilities in Japan

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Open Journal of Nursing 2021年第7期11卷 610-619页

作者： Sayuri Kaneko Department of Nursing Administration Miyagi University Miyagi Japan

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of healthcare services pertaining to the dietary intake and swallowing functions of residents, nutrition management practices, and performance of residents at long-term care facilities. We investigated outcome indicators, such as changes in dietary intake and swallowing function levels of residents, and clarified which structural and process indicators were associated with the outcome indicators. This was a retrospective study, analyzing information on healthcare services from 1067 long-term care facilities during the fiscal year 2012, sampled from among those registered with the Welfare, Health and Medical Care Information Network of the Welfare and Medical Service Agency in Japan. Five outcome indicators were identified. Next, we examined the relationships between the outcome indicators and structural or process indicators using a multivariate linear regression model, adjusting for facility type. The findings showed how the five outcome indicators were used in long-term care facilities over a period of one year and determined the independent predictors of these outcome indicators. The amplification of dietary function 1 was associated with “assessment of oral functions using a feeding and swallowing assessment checklist every three months”, “holding care conferences related to ingestion and swallowing every three months”, and “maintaining a 1:2 ratio for meal-time assistants to residents”. To improve the quality of care, it is necessary to increase the number of staff (e.g., to provide meal assistance to residents) and to understand changes in the residents’ status through accurate assessment and monitoring.

关键词： Dietary intake Long-Term Care Facility nutrient intake Quality Indicators Swallowing Functions

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Performance and Haematological Characteristics of Broiler Finisher Fed Moringa oleifera Leaf Meal Diets

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2016年第1期23卷 28-34页

作者： Obakanurhe Oghenebrorhie Okpara Oghenesuvwe Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agriculture Delta State University

To investigate the effects ofMoringa oleifera leaf meal （MOLM） on the performance and haematology of broiler finisher using 120 Cobb chicks of 4 weeks old broiler chicks. The birds were assigned randomly into four dietary treatments containing MOLM at 0, 6%, 8%, and 10% （treatments 1, 2, 3 and 4） inclusion levels, respectively, in a complete randomized design experiment. The effect of the dietary treatments on the growth performance and blood parameters of the broiler finisher was determined. MOLM at a rate of 6% （T2）, 8% （T3）, and 10% （T4） of the diets （as fed basis） to replace 3.2%, 5.6% and 8.6% of the crude protein （CP） of the control diet. The daily feed, dry matter and CP intake of the chicks fed MOLM diets were higher （p〈0.05） than those fed the control diet. Average weight gain （AWG） of birds fed MOLM diets reduced as inclusion levels increases 09〈0.05） than those fed the control diet. Chicks fed T2 showed higher （p〈0.05） AWG than those on T3 and T4. Feed conversion ratios （FCR, weight gain/g and feed intake） were higher for chicks fed MOLM. MOLM showed minimal deleterious effects in birds. However, birds fed T2 （6%） diets recorded significantly （p〈0.05） the highest body weight gain. There were significant differences （p〈0.05） among groups in packed cell volume （PVC） of birds. The haemoglobin （Hb）, mean corpuscular volume （MCV）, mean corpuscular haemoglobin （MCH） and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration （MCHC） counts showed no significant difference （p〉0.05） among treatments. The results indicated that at 10% in the diets of broiler finisher chick, MOLM could be substituted with expensive conventional protein sources without any deleterious effects on performance and blood parameters of broiler finisher chicken.

关键词： Moringa oleifera leaf meal Cobb chick nutrient intake performance conventional protein and haematology

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