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Weed competition Periods Affect Grain Yield and nutrient Uptake of Black Seed(Nigella Sativa L.)

Horticultural Plant Journal 2016年第3期2卷 172-180页

作者： Seyyed Mohammad Seyyedi Parviz Rezvani Moghaddam Mehdi Nassiri Mahallati Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureFerdowsi University of Mashhad

The combination of the relatively open plant canopy and slow growth,especially at early growth stages,results in lower competitiveness of black seed(Nigella sativa L.) than ***,weed interference is known as an important factor affecting black seed ***,to determine the critical period of weed control and its effects on nutrients uptake of black seed field experiments were conducted in 2011 and *** quantitative series of weed removal treatments including weed-infested and weed-free treatments were implemented from black seed emergence to maturity *** determine critical period of weed control,plots were weed-infested or weed-free for 0,14,28,42,56,70 days after emergence,in weed-infested and weed-free treatments,*** results revealed that N,P and K contents in weed tissues significantly increased with increasing weed-infested periods during both years of the *** reduction in grain and oil yield due to longer periods of weed-infested conditions or shorter periods of weed-free conditions were accompanied by simultaneous reduction of N,P and K uptake in black seed grains and ***,N,P and K contents in weed tissue were found to be 1.8 to 2 times higher than that of black *** was concluded that 58 or 49 days weed-free periods are required to avoid yield loss(above 5% or 10%) in black seed.

关键词： Nigella sativa nitrogen nutrient competition oil yield phosphorus weed-free period weed-infested period

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Growth and nutrient accumulation of Brazil nut trees(Bertholletia excelsa) in agroforestry at different fertilizer levels

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第2期26卷 347-353页

作者： Gotz Schroth Maria do Socorro Souza da Mota Maria Elizabeth de Assis Elias C.P. 513 Santarem PA 68109-971 Brazil Centro de Estudos Avanqados de Promoqao Social e Ambiental Av. Mendonqa Furtado 3979 Santarem PA 68040-050 Brazil Universidade Federal do Amazonas Manaus AM 69077-000Brazil

The Brazil nut tree（Bertholletia excelsa） is a frequent component of agroforestry systems in the Amazon because of its adaptation to nutrient-poor upland soils and multiple *** investigated the aboveground biomass production（kg dry weight）,nutrient uptake and requirements（N,P,Ca,Mg,K） of Brazil nut trees of different sizes grown under agroforestry conditions and fertilized at different *** of 70 experimental trees with different size were harvested and stem,branches and leaves were *** contents were determined for three trees of varying *** tree growth was fast,but variability was high,suggesting considerable potential for the improvement of this economically important *** trees responded to increased levels of fertilizer and lime with significantly increased foliar nutrient contents and growth,probably because of the improved availability of Mg and Ca for which the species seems to have a relatively high *** contrast to Brazil nut trees grown in forest or dense plantations,the agroforestry trees invested a substantial part of their biomass and nutrients in large branches and developed spreading *** improve stem form,reduce competition with associated crops for light and recycle nutrients,regular pruning of lower branches or planting arrangements that favor self-pruning are *** measures would also increase the recycling of Ca and Mg,large quantities of which are contained in the branches.

关键词： Allometric equation Amazon nutrient competition nutrient recycling Plant mineral nutrition Soil fertility Silviculture

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The interchange of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal hyphae helped chilli pepper and cheated sweet corn in an intercropping systerm

The interchange of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal hyphae help...

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中国菌物学会第七届全国会员代表大会暨2017年学术年会

作者： Junli Hu Minghui Li Hongmin Liu Qi Zhao Yu Zhang Junhua Wang Xiangui Lin State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for WEEE Recycling WEEE Research Centre Shanghai Polytechnic University

The roles of arbuscular mycorrhizal（AM） fungal hyphae in coordinating the nutrient competition between intercrops are unclear. A 4-month greenhouse pot experiment was established to compare the nutritent acquisition by chilli pepper and sweet corn in an intercopping systerm. The two intercrops cultivated in a unsterilized soil were absolutely separated by PVC layer, or semi-separated by nylon cloth with the pore size of 30 μm. The mycorrhial colonization rates of corn roots were much higher than those of pepper roots, regardless of the separation of the intercrops. However, the semi-separated treatment had significantly higher root colonization rates with both pepper and corn than the separated one. However, the interchange of mycorrhizal hyphae increased the N, P, and K acquisition amounts by 42, 46, and 47% with pepper, and 7,-34, and-21% with corn, respectively. As a result, the interchange greatly increased the N, P, and K acquisition ratios of pepper from 5.9, 21,and 44% to 7.5, 38, and 59%, respectively. Furthermore, the interchange also significantly increased the average biomass of pepper fruit by 176%, and thereby decreased the average biomass of corn ears by 30%. In clonclusion, in terms of nutrients alone, the interchange of AM fungal hyphae helped pepper and cheated corn in the intercropping systerm.

关键词： nutrient competition semi-separation mycorrhizal colonization acquisition amount acquisition ratio

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