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小学生时代（大嘴英语） 2024年第3期 18-19页

作者： Minnie 不详

换季时容易感冒、过敏,这时我们的鼻子可能会遭殃!runny nose表示“流鼻”,如果要表示自己鼻塞可以说:My nose is stuffy.

关键词： stuff 过敏 nose

Electrochemotherapy using thin-needle electrode improves recovery in feline nasal planum squamous cell carcinoma-a translational model

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2022年第3期5卷 595-611页

作者： Matias Tellado Sebastian Michinski Joseph Impellizeri Guillermo Marshall Emanuela Signori Felipe Maglietti VetOncologia Vet Cancer ClinicCiudad de Buenos Aires C1408Argentina Instituto de Fisica del Plasma Departamento de FisicaFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Aires-CONICETCiudad de Buenos Aires C1428Argentina Veterinary Oncology Services PLLC New YorkNY 10065USA Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Experimental Oncology Institute of Translational PharmacologyCNRRome 00133Italy Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano-CONICET Ciudad de Buenos Aires C1199Argentina.

Aim:Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(cSCC)is a common disease in patients exposed to UV-light and human papillomavirus.Electrochemotherapy,a well-established treatment modality with minimum side effects in human and veterinary medicine,circumvents chemoresistance to bleomycin by the use of electric fields.However,patients are sensitive to the trauma produced by the insertion of the needles that lengthen recovery times,particularly cats with nasal planum cSCC.To address this matter,we developed thin-needles electrodes.Methods:Thin-needles electrodes developed using computer simulations and plant tissue models were compared to standard electrodes.A prospective non-randomized study recruiting 52 feline patients with nasal planum cSCC was performed.Local response,anorexia,and overall survival were evaluated.Results:Computer simulations and plant model experiments showed satisfactory results with both electrodes.The patients treated with the thin-needle electrode obtained similar local response rates compared to the standard group,OR 97.3%vs.80%,respectively(P<0.067).Most patients in the thin-needle group resumed eating in less than 48 h,as the anorexia was significantly lower(P<0.0001).Using the standard electrode,most patients took 3 to 5 days to resume normal feeding.The electric current circulating in the standard electrode was 44% higher,contributing to a longer duration of anorexia due to tissue damage.The overall survival in both groups was similar.Conclusion:Electrochemotherapy using thin-needle electrodes provides equivalent local response rates and overall survival compared with standard electrodes but significantly reduced return to appetite after the treatment.These results may be useful in the development of new electrodes for human patients.

关键词： Cancer SCC nose cat electroporation ECT tumor cSCC

Handy locoregional flaps for nasal reconstruction

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Chinese Journal Of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2023年第1期5卷 13-19页

作者： Ahmed Hassan El-Sabbagh Plastic Surgery Center Faculty of MedicineMansoura UniversityElgomhouria StreetMansoura 35516Egypt

Background Skin lesions on the nose are common.Multiple surgical techniques have been used for nasal reconstruction.These options may be autogenous or alloplastic and can be performed in single or multiple stages.The choice of coverage depends on the nature of the lesion,location on the nose,and available donor sites.This study aimed to evaluate the surgical outcomes of using locoregional flaps for nasal reconstruction.Methods A total of 27 patients underwent surgery.There were 9 men and 18 women,aged 7 months to 93 years.Four patients presented with involuting hemangioma,five patients with ischemic necrosis of the columella,and five patients with congenital nevus;the remaining 13 patients were previously diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma.Six techniques have been described for nasal reconstruction at our institution from 2016 to 2020.Most patients had basal cell carcinoma(n=13).Locoregional flaps and primary sutures were used for nasal reconstruction.Results The complications were minimal.One patient had a superficial infection and one experienced postoperative bleeding.No recurrence was observed,and none of the patients asked for a second opinion.Conclusion Radical excision of tumors combined with analysis of nasal defects and nearby donor sites is essential for nasal reconstruction.The use of locoregional flaps leads to consistent and good aesthetic outcomes.

关键词： nose Skin defect Pedicled flap

Nasal sill reconstruction with the Abbe flap after skin cancer resection:A case report

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Chinese Journal Of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2023年第2期5卷 64-67页

作者： Renata Fernanda Ramos Marcante Oona Tomiê Daronch Murilo Sgarbi Secanho Maria Madalena Silva Department of Plastic Surgery State University of Sao PauloBotucatuSao Paulo 18618-687Brazil

Local flaps are widely known as the best option for partial nasal reconstructions depending on donor tissue laxity,vascularization,and defect shape and size.The nasolabial flap is used more often in the nasal sill.For larger defects,greater tissue mobilization with larger scars or free flaps is required.Historically,the Abbe flap has been used for lip reconstruction in patients with cleft lip deformities.It allows less retraction than other local flaps or skin grafts in patients with large defect sizes and great defect depths.This study reported on the application of the Abbe flap for nasal sill reconstruction on a 71-year-old female patient with nasal sill basal cell carcinoma who had undergone resection surgery with a posterior lip switch operation with satisfactory results.The application of the Abbe flap could be considered in patients with multiple previous surgeries and at risk for necrosis.

关键词： Surgical flaps Myocutaneous flap nose Nasal diseases Nasal defects Neoplasms Basal cell

Fault-sand combination modes and hydrocarbon accumulation in Binhai fault nose of Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, East China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2019年第5期46卷 919-934页

作者： ZHOU Lihong HAN Guomeng DONG Yueqi SHI Qianru MA Jianying HU Jinnan REN Shichao ZHOU Kejia WANG Jincheng SI Weiliu Dagang Oilfield Company PetroChinaTianjin 300280China

Based on seismic and logging data,taking the downthrow fault nose of Binhai fault in Qikou Sag as the object of study,we analyzed fault characteristics,sand body distribution,fault-sand combinations and hydrocarbon accumulation to reveal the hydrocarbon enrichment law in the fault-rich area of fault depression lake basin.The results show that the Binhai Cenozoic fault nose is characterized by east-west zoning,the main part of the western fault segment is simple in structure,whereas the broom-shaped faults in the eastern segment are complex in structure,including several groups of faults.The difference of fault evolution controls the spatial distribution of sand bodies.The sand bodies are in continuous large pieces in the downthrow fault trough belt along the Gangdong Fault in the middle segment of the fault nose,forming consequent fault-sand combination;whereas the fault activity period of the eastern part of the fault nose was later,and the sand bodies controlled by paleogeomorphology are distributed in multi-phase north-south finger-shaped pattern,forming vertical fault-sand combination pattern matching with the fault.The configuration between faults and sand bodies,and oil sources and caprocks determine the vertical conductivity,plane distribution and vertical distribution of oil and gas.Two oil and gas accumulation modes,i.***.single main fault hydrocarbon supply-fault sand consequent matching-oil accumulation in multi-layers stereoscopically and fault system transportation-fault sand vertical matching-oil accumulation in banded overlapping layers occur in the middle and eastern segments of the fault nose respectively,and they control the difference of oil and gas distribution and enrichment degree in the Binhai fault nose.

关键词： Bohai Bay Basin Qikou Sag Binhai fault nose sandstone development mechanism fault-sand combination oil and gas accumulation reservoir control mechanism

Aerodynamic and trajectory characteristics of a typical mortar projectile with a deflectable nose

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第5期15卷 758-767页

作者： Yu-ming Ren Shu-shan Wang Jing-wei Li Xun-cheng Guo Yue-song Mei State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Zhongheng Tianwei Force Defence Science and Technology Limited Company Beijing 100081China

Deflectable nose control is a new trajectory correction method.In this paper,the aerodynamic and trajectory characteristics of a typical mortar projectile with a deflectable nose are investigated with respect to its flight conditions.Using the method of wind tunnel testing,the aerodynamic coefficients of four kinds of mortar models were measured under the conditions of different angles of attack from-10°to 10°and Mach numbers from 0.3 to 0.9.Based on the aerodynamic coefficients,the trajectory ranges at different nose deflection angles and times were calculated.Furthermore,a trajectory optimization was performed by reducing the static margin.The results and discussions show that the nose deflection provided limited lift,while the pitching moment varied significantly.The mortar obtained the extended flight range and trajectory correction ability with nose deflection.

关键词： nose deflection Aerodynamic characteristics Wind tunnel test Trajectory simulation

Upper airway cough syndrome in 103 children

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第6期132卷 653-658页

作者： Fan Gao Qing-Long Gu Zi-Dong Jiang Department of Otorhinolaryngology Children's Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics Beijing 100020 China Department of Otorhinolaryngology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing 100730 China

Background: In China, upper airway cough syndrome (UACS) is only less frequent than cough-variant asthma and accounts for 24.71% of chronic cough. This study aimed to determine the pathogenetic constituents and factors affecting UACS in children of different age groups, and to identify clinical clues for diagnosing UACS and a method for curative effect evaluation. Methods: A total of 103 children with UACS whose chief complaint was chronic cough were studied from January to November 2013 at Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics. According to their age, children with UACS were divided into 3 groups: nursing children, pre-school children, and school-age children. We analyzed the differences in pathogenetic constituents and factors affecting UACS in children. The effect of UACS treatment was evaluated by the visual analog scale (VAS) and an objective examination. Chi-squared test and analysis of variance were performed with the SPSS 19.0 statistical software. Results: There was a high incidence of UACS in school-age children. Rhinitis with adenoid hypertrophy was the main cause of 103 suspected UACS cases. Adenoidal hypertrophy was the major cause of UACS in the pre-school children group, while rhinitis was the major reason in the nursing children and school-age children groups. Among the 103 children, there were 45 allergenpositive children, with no significant difference among different age groups. VAS scores in the different disease groups after treatment were lower than those before treatment (all P

关键词： Child Cough nose diseases Therapeutics

All-Electric Aircraft nose Wheel Steering System with Two Worm Gears

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Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2018年第1期35卷 170-180页

作者： Zhang Ming Li Chuang Wu Xin Zhu Yin Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science for National Defense-Advanced Design Technology of Flight Vehicle Nanjing University of Aeronautics&AstronauticsNanjing 210016P.R.China Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute Shanghai 201210P.R.China Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero Electromechanical System Integration Nanjing 211106P.R.China

As all-electric aircraft has many advantages,an aircraft nose wheel steering system would be developed to the all-electric direction.Concerning the control demand of the nose wheel steering system,based on the basic principles of nose wheel steering system and the design technique of mechanotronics,an all-electric aircraft nose wheel steering system,composed of a nose wheel steering mechanism of two worm gear and a control servo system of fly-by-wire with both steering and anti-shimmy functions is designed to meet the demand for operation control in the nose wheel steering system.Then,based on the LMS-AMESim software,the simulation model of the system is established to simulate the dynamics for the verification of its steering function.The simulation results indicate that the nose wheel steering system is reasonable,and can meet the requirements of the general project.Furthermore,the prototypes of the steering mechanism and control system are studied to validate the design,and the steering test bench is prepared to test the designed system.The test results,such as steer angle,rotate speed of motor are analyzed in details and compared with the theoretical results.The analysis and comparison results show that the design is reasonable and the property of the prototype can achieve the design objectives.

关键词： mechanotronics design nose wheel steering system all-electric aircraft design landing gear

Pulmonary Toxicity of a Formulated Preparation of Fenvalerate in Rats Subchronically Exposed by nose Only Inhalation for 90 Days

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2001年第4期14卷 333-340页

作者： U.MANI FAKRULISLAM 等 InhalationToxicologyLaboratory IndustrialToxicologyResearchCentreM.G.MargP.Box.No.80M.G.MargLucknow－226001India DepartmentofMedicalElementolgoy＆Toxicology HamdardUniversityNewDelhi

Objective The pulmonary toxicity of a commercially available formulated preparation of Fenvalerate (Fen), a synthetic pyrethroid has been studied in rats following subchronic nose only inhalation exposure route. Method Adult male rats were exposed to Fen for 4h/day, 5 days a week for 90 days by using Flow Past Dynamic nose only Inhalation Chamber. Results Fen exposed rats showed a significant increase in enzymatic activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) which are considered as biochemical indicators of pulmonary damage. The concomitant histopathological examination of Fen exposed rats' lung revealed inflammatory changes viz., influx of mononuclear cells admixed with a few giant cells in alveolar lumen, hypetrophied bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial lining cells and presence of edematous fluid in alveolar lumen alongwith congested parenchymatous blood vessels. Conclusion These results for the first time indicate the pulmonary toxic effects of a commonly used formulated Fen preparation by using rat model and nose only inhalation as the route of exposure.

关键词： Animals Behavior, Animal Body Weight Inhalation Exposure Insecticides Lung Male Nitriles nose Organ Size Pyrethrins Rats Rats, Wistar

Analyzing the Flavor Compounds in Chinese Traditional Fermented Shrimp Pastes by HS-SPME-GC/MS and Electronic nose

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2017年第2期16卷 311-318页

作者： FAN Yan YIN Li-ang XUE Yong LI Zhaojie HOU Hu XUE Changhu College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003P.R.China

Shrimp paste is a type of condiments with high nutritional value.However,the flavors of shrimp paste,particularly the non-uniformity flavors,have limited its application in food processing.In order to identify the characteristic flavor compounds in Chinese traditional shrimp pastes,five kinds of typical commercial products were evaluated in this study.The differences in the volatile composition of the five products were investigated.Solid phase micro-extraction method was employed to extract the volatile compounds.GC-MS and electronic nose were applied to identify the compounds,and the data were analyzed using principal component analysis(PCA).A total of 62 volatile compounds were identified,including 8 alcohols,7 aldehydes,3 ketones,7 ethers,7 acids,3 esters,6 hydrocarbons,12 pyrazines,2 phenols,and 7 other compounds.The typical volatile compounds contributing to the flavor of shrimp paste were found as follows:dimethyl disulfide,dimethyl tetrasulfide,dimethyl trisulfide,2,3,5-trimethyl-6-ethyl pyrazine,ethyl-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine,phenol and indole.Propanoic acid,butanoic acid,furans,and 2-hydroxy-3-pentanone caused unpleasant odors,such as pungent and rancid odors.Principal component analysis showed that the content of volatile compounds varied depending on the processing conditions and shrimp species.These results indicated that the combinations of multiple analysis and identification methods could make up the limitations of a single method,enhance the accuracy of identification,and provide useful information for sensory research and product development.

关键词： volatile flavor compounds GC-MS electronic nose sensory analysis