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Influence of individual tree characteristics,spatial structure and logging history on tree-related microhabitat occurrence in North American hardwood forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第2期8卷 357-372页

作者： Maxence Martin Patricia Raymond Yan Boucher Département des Sciences fondamentales Université du Québec à Chicoutimi555boul.de l’UniversitéChicoutimiQuébec G7H 2B1Canada Institut de la recherche sur les forêts Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue445boul.de l’UniversitéRouyn-NorandaQuébec J9X 5E4Canada Centre d'étude de la forêt Université du Québec à MontréalP.O.Box 8888Centre-ville StationMontréalQuébec H3C 3P8Canada Direction de la recherche forestière Ministère des Forêtsde la Faune et des Parcs(MFFP)2700rue EinsteinQuébecQuébec G1P 3W8Canada

Background:Tree-related microhabitats(hereafter,"TreMs")are key components of forest biodiversity but they are still poorly known in North American hardwood *** spatial patterns of living trees bearing TreMs(hereafter,"TreM-trees")also remain to be *** logging practices can lead to a loss of TreM-trees and of their associated biodiversity,it is essential to identify the factors explaining TreM occurrence to better integrate them into forest *** therefore inventoried TreMs in 40.5-ha survey strips in northern hardwood forests in Quebec,Canada,while recording the spatial location of each *** strips were located in unmanaged oldgrowth forests,and 2 were in forests managed under selection *** 4 stands were dominated by sugar maple(Acer saccharum Marsh.)and American beech(Fagus grandifolia Ehrn.).Beech bark disease,an exotic pathology,was observed in all the ***:Large diameter at breast height and low tree vigor were the main characteristics explaining the presence of TreMs at the tree ***-trees presented slight spatial aggregation *** aggregates,however,were not well-defined and were generally constituted by a large number of trees bearing few different types of *** TreM classes(broken branch or top and woodpecker lodge)also presented a spatial *** practices had no significant effect on TreM *** bark disease increased the frequency of senescent *** impact of this pathology on TreMs was however mitigated by the small size of infected trees and probably by the short time elapsed since its ***:The factors explaining the presence and abundance of TreMs on trees has so far been little studied in North American hardwood *** results highlight that TreM-tree characteristics in the surveyed forests are consistent with those of previous studies conducted in other forest types and regions(e.g.,Europe or Northwestern America).To our knowledge,th

关键词： Habitat trees Wildlife habitat northern hardwoods Old-growth forest Selection cutting Ecosystembased management Biodiversity indicators Conservation Forest management

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Eight decades of compositional change in a managed northern hardwood landscape

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第3期10卷 398-410页

作者： Mark J.Ducey Olivia L.Fraser Mariko Yamasaki Ethan P.Belair William B.Leak University of New Hampshire Department of Natural Resources and the Environment114 James HallDurhamNH03824USA U.S.D.A.Forest Service White Mountain National Forest71 White Mountain DriveCamptonNH03223USA U.S.D.A.Forest Service Northern Research Station271 Mast RoadDurhamNH03824USA The Nature Conservancy Natural Climate SolutionsAfrica Regional Portland Office45 Exchange StSuite 303PortlandME04101USA

We analyzed over 8 decades of change in forest composition(represented by species proportion of basal area)and size class from more than 400 permanent plots located on the Bartlett Experimental Forest in the White Mountains of New *** data represent one of the longest-term landscape-scale records of forest change based on permanent plots in North *** analyzed the plots based on elevation class,land type indicating assumed successional direction(grouped into coniferous and deciduous),and inventory period within managed and unmanaged portions of the *** ongoing shift from small-to large-diameter stems is clear across all species,in response to the overall aging of the forest following exploitative harvesting in the 19th *** compositional changes include a continuing decline in shade-intolerant species(paper birch and aspen),along with the mid-tolerant yellow *** increase in red maple abundance through the early 1990s has leveled off or *** shade-tolerant species,increases in beech and red spruce were largely consistent with assumed land type on unmanaged plots,but heavy marking against diseased beech on managed plots restricted increase of that *** maple declined in abundance except where silvicultural intervention helped maintain *** contrast,eastern hemlock showed a continuing expansion at all elevations below 600 *** data continue to show little or no evidence of upward migration of species,despite evidence of recent regional change in ***,the BEF is poised for substantial changes when emerald ash borer and hemlock woolly adelgid,both of which are known to infest nearby areas,do arrive.

关键词： northern hardwoods Succession Stand dynamics Silviculture

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