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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第4期8卷 135-141页

作者： Lili Yan Zhiqin Kai Center for Disease Control and Prevention Tinghu DistrictYancheng CityJiangsu Province 224000China

Objective:To comprehensively understand the changes and prevalence of major chronic diseases among residents of Tinghu District,Yancheng City,in 2021,and to analyze the trends of the major risk factors for the onset of chronic diseases in the ***:Chronic diseases and their risk factors in Tinghu District in 2021 were monitored among the resident population who had lived in the district for five years or more and were aged 18 years or *** survey was conducted using random cluster sampling,with 7,130 questionnaires *** data processing,7,012 valid questionnaires were obtained,resulting in a qualification rate of 98.35%.Results:Among the chronic diseases reported in the survey population,hypertension had the highest prevalence at 37.61%,followed by dyslipidemia at 37.19%.Other chronic diseases were ranked in order of prevalence from highest to *** of gender,the top three chronic diseases were hypertension,diabetes,and *** regression analysis identified both non-preventable risk factors(such as family history,gender,and age)and preventable risk factors(such as smoking,sedentary behavior,overweight,and obesity)as significant contributors to the major chronic diseases in Tinghu ***:Analyzing the trends in the main risk factors for chronic disease incidence in Tinghu District,Yancheng City,provides a basis for developing a new comprehensive chronic disease prevention and control plan to address chronic disease prevention and management.

关键词： Chronic diseases non-communicable Social factors Monitoring report

Prevalence of non-communicable Diseases and Number of Comorbidities According to Differences in Household Income Levels in Japan: Analysis from National Health and Nutrition Survey

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2017年第1期8卷 19-30页

作者： Chika Horikawa Nobuko Murayama Asami Ota Megumi Tsuruta Satoshi Matsunaga Kazuya Fujihara Osamu Hanyu Hirohito Sone Department of Health and Nutrition Faculty of Human Life Studies University of Niigata Prefecture Niigata Japan Department of Hematology Endocrinology and Metabolism Faculty of Medicine Niigata University Niigata Japan

Though it has been reported that in Western developed countries socioeconomic status is associated with non-communicable diseases (NCD), there are sparse evidence from Japan, midst an income gap that has been pointed out in recent years. Therefore, we examined the presence or absence of NCD and the number of comorbidities according to household income in Japanese, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey of 2010. 1287 men and 1659 women aged 20 - 79 years from households at 3 income levels (<2, 2 - 5.9, ≥6 million yen) were analyzed. Participants completed questionnaires regarding whether they had been diagnosed with NCD, as well as undergoing clinical laboratory tests. Logistic regression analyses were used for statistical analysis with adjustment for age, gender, household size, and population of municipalities. The prevalences of participants with high, medium, and low income were 22.3%, 57.6%, and 20.2%, respectively. Participants with the lowest income had the highest odds of hypertension (OR [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 1.71 [1.29 - 2.26], p p = 0.041), and stroke (5.07 [2.04 - 12.60] p < 0.001). Additionally, prevalences of participants with 2 or 3 NCD (hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia) were 15.0% and 33.0% in high and low income levels, respectively. A low income could contribute to a high prevalence of NCD and large number of comorbidities among Japanese. Establishing a health policy in Japan is needed to enable an optimal health condition and lifestyle regardless of socioeconomic disparities.

关键词： non-communicable Diseases Comorbidities Household Income National Health and Nutrition Survey Japan

The challenge of combatting non-communicable diseases in Trinidad: Access to hospital care

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Health 2013年第11期5卷 12-18页

作者： Patricia J. Boda Department of Geosciences Middle Tennessee State University Murfreesboro USA

Chronic illnesses, or non-communicable diseases (NCDs), account for a growing number of deaths worldwide. The English-speaking Caribbean has the highest per capita burden of NCDs in the region of the Americas [1]. This paper presents an overview of hospital availability on the island of Trinidad in the West Indies and examines rates of NCDs as reported in hospital discharge summaries. The project integrates a Geographic Information System (GIS) with epidemiologic and bio-statistical data to provide essential spatial analysis not otherwise possible. It examines the island’s ability to effectively deliver treatment to residents with NCDs by providing a geographic perspective to public data published on the internet by the Trinidad-Tobago Ministry of Health and the Central Statistical Office. The study reveals a significant variability in several dimensions of access to health care.

关键词： Access Health Care Caribbean Trinidad non-communicable Disease

Burden of non-communicable Diseases at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Central Uttar-Pradesh: A Retrospective Study

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2018年第4期8卷 102-108页

作者： Sham Kumar Gupta Mahima Badri Narayan Mishra Sandip Kumar Kiran Krishnappa Sushil Kumar Shukla Department of Community Medicine Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences Saifai India R D Gardi Medical College Ujjain India

Introduction: non communicable Diseases (NCD) has emerged as leading threat to mankind. It approximates to around 70% mortality burden worldwide. Its mortality burden is more in low & middle income countries. Most of the premature deaths from NCDs are attributed to modifiable risk factors. In Uttar Pradesh there has been a raise in prevalence of non-communicable diseases in the last two decades. Methodology: Mortality and morbidity data from 1st Jan 2014 to Dec 2016 was obtained from Medical Records Department, UPUMS, Saifai Etawah. The data, thus collected was analyzed by using SPSS 24. Results: Morbidity pattern in UPUMS Saifai reported Blindness and cardiovascular disease (CVD) was leading cause of admission and was increasing year after year. Road traffic acid (RTA), Stroke and CVD were the leading causes of mortality in last 3 years among the patients admitted in tertiary care hospital UPUMS, Saifai, Etawah, U.P., India. Conclusion: Even in rural area prevalence of NCD is at raising trend. RTA, CVD and Stroke were leading causes of death even in rural area.

关键词： non-communicable Diseases Mortality Blindness Stroke Road Traffic Accidents Cardiovascular Diseases

Sustaining Increase in Life Expectancy in Africa Requires Active Preventive Measures against non-communicable Diseases

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2014年第5期4卷 283-292页

作者： Efosa K. Oghagbon Lydia Giménez-Llort Department of Chemical Pathology College of Health Sciences Benue State University Makurdi Nigeria Institute of Neurosciences Autonomous University of Barcelona Cerdanyola del Vallès Barcelona Spain

It is projected that aged population (≥60 years) will continue to increase globally, including in Africa. This is due to reduced population growth, decreased fecundity and improved medical interventions;factors which increase life expectancy. While this is typical for developed countries, it is not the same for Africa and similar developing regions. In these regions, a significant proportion of death is due to non-communicable diseases (NCD’s) such as hypertension, cerebrovascular accident, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal disease and cancer, among others. Rising prevalence of NCD’s due mainly to western style diets and sedentary living is made worse by inadequate nutrition education, high prevalence of low birth weight, poor health services, lack of efficient tobacco control and deficient planning of built environment. In order to halt the possible reduction in life expectancy occasioned by NCD’s, efforts by the community, health planners and governments in Africa to address relevant NCD’s, must be put in place. Suggested measures are: nutrition education, regular community directed physical exercise, improved environmental planning and development. Others are review of present health service model, early detection, prevention and treatment of NCD’s, including improved antenatal care to reduce low birth weights, and establishment of policies and measures that decreased access to tobacco especially by women of childbearing age. Africa and similar developing regions cannot fund the health bill due to NCD’s and their complications;hence it is important that this scourge is attended to with all seriousness.

关键词： Life Expectancy Developing Countries non-communicable Diseases Prevention Community Role and Health System Review

Tackling China＇s noncommunicable Diseases： Shared Origins, Costly Consequences and the Need for Actior

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第6期128卷 839-843页

作者： Yan Min Li-Xin Jiang Li-Jing L Yan Lin-Hong Wang Sanjay Basu Yang-Feng Wu Randall S Stafford Wellness Living Laboratory Stanford Prevention Research Center Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA 94305-5411 USA China's National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases Fuwai Hospital Beijing 100037 China Global Health Research Center Duke Kunshan University Kunshan Jiangsu 215316 China The George Institute for Global Health Peking University Health Science Center Beijing 100088 China National Center for Chronic and non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 100050 China

noncommunicable diseases （NCDs） have become the leading causes of death worldwide. As a concerning example, China＇s NCD prevalence is accelerating. As elsewhere, hypertension, diabetes, heart diseases, stroke, and obesity are the major contributors to this increasing trend. A common set of preceding risk factors is responsible for these different conditions, including physical inactivity, unhealthy eating habits, altered patterns of sleep, environmental pollution, and tobacco and alcohol abuse.

关键词： non-communicable Diseases China Prevention Translational Research Policy Implications

Future challenges and solutions for safety in China:China CDC’s exploration of injury prevention strategies

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Global Health Journal 2018年第2期2卷 14-23页

作者： Leilei Duan Pengpeng Ye Linhong Wang National Center for Chronic and noncommunicable Diseases Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100050China

As an important component of worldwide injury prevention,China has made great contribution to the *** is serving as a model for other countries in the world,especially developing countries,and China’s experience has great implications for *** the description of the present situation and trends of China’s injury prevention work and review for its development history,this paper has also introduced the existing issues and the current challenges,and informed the e orts of the sta in related eld to nd solutions from di erent *** of them jointly boosted the development of global injury prevention.

关键词： injury prevention and control Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Chronic and non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention

Health production and risk of obesity among Chilean adolescents: Understanding health related behaviors in youth

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Health 2012年第12期4卷 1413-1419页

作者： Paulina Correa-Burrows Raquel Burrows Ricardo Uauy Cecilia Albala Department of Applied Economics II Rey Juan Carlos University Madrid Spain Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology University of Chile Santiago de Chile Chile

Background: Adolescent obesity is associated with high cardiovascular and metabolic risk. Western diet and reduced physical activity are strong environmental determinants. The “Health Production” model posits that individuals born with a certain amount of health stock, which depreciates over life, but can be augmented by individual behaviors, including exercise and dieting. Objective: To study the association between health production and obesity in a random sample of 1692 Chilean adolescents (14.8 ± 0.7 years old), and to study the effect of gender and socioeconomic characteristics on health production. Method: We used an indicator that considered the quality of food intake and physical activity, establishing three categories: good (GHP), intermediate (IHP) and poor health producers (PHP). Multivariate analysis was used to study the odds of obesity and good health production. Results: There was 31% of GHP, 32% of IHP and 38% of PHP. Obesity (Adj. OR: 1.59;95%CI: 1.04 - 2.42) and abdominal obesity (Adj. OR: 2.24;95%CI: 1.35 - 3.40) were significantly higher in the PHP group, compared to the GHP and IHP group. Health production was significantly associated with socioeconomic factors and gender. Female sex and coming from a less wealthy household significantly reduced the odds of good health production. Conclusions: Poor health production in adolescence, as defined by food intake and physical activity, depreciates individuals’ “health stock”, increasing the risk of obesity. In our sample, health production was strongly associated with socio-economic factors and gender.

关键词： Adolescent Health Adolescent Obesity Health Behavior Health Promotion non-communicable Diseases Chile

Spouses of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 at increased risk of high blood glucose levels

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013年第1期3卷 58-63页

作者： Ganiyu Lanre Yahaya Alero Ann Roberts Victor Akpan Inem Department of Community Health & Primary Care College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria Department of Family Medicine Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Lagos Nigeria

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a growing threat in developing countries already burdened with high levels of infectious disease. Screening the general population has debatable advantages. This study aims to determine whether spouses of patients with diabetes mellitus have higher random blood glucose (RBG) levels as well as the benefit of RBG testing as a targetted screening tool. Methodology: The survey employed a cross-sectional comparative study of spouses’ of diabetics and non-diabetics attending the general out-patient department of the LagosStateUniversityTeaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja. A modified WHO STEPS Surveillance Instrument and a one-touch Glucometer were used to collect data. Blood pressures and BMI were measured and correlated to blood glucose levels. Results: Prevalence of high RBG was found to be 7% among spouses of diabetics and 3.3% among spouses of non-diabetic patients. Mean RBG was 5.57 mmol/L and 7.7 mmol/L within the age group 40 - 49 years and 50 - 59 years respectively among spouses of diabetic patients compared to 5.4 mmol/L and 5.5 mmol/L within the same age group among the spouses non-diabetics. Spouses of patients with diabetes mellitus had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures and BMI compared to spouses of non-diabetics. Conclusion: Being male, married to a diabetic patient, lower educational levels and higher body mass index are significantly associated with higher random blood glucose in the spouses of diabetic patients. Random blood glucose measurements are an effective screening tool and spouses of diabetic patients can benefit from targeted screening in controlled clinical settings.

关键词： Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 non-communicable Disease Random Blood Glucose Levels Glucose Intolerance Body Mass Index Blood Pressure

Lipid and Diabetic Profiles of School Teachers in Afghanistan Facing Food Insecurity and Their Association with Knowledge Relating to Healthy Lifestyle

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 678-693页

作者： Ahmad Shekib Arab Keiko Nakamura Kaoruko Seino Shafiqullah Hemat Mohammad Omar Mashal Yuri Tashiro Department of Global Health Entrepreneurship Division of Public Health Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan Ministry of Public Health Kabul Afghanistan

Objectives: To investigate lipid and diabetic profiles of school teachers in Kabul, Afghanistan, who face food insecurity, and examine the association of those with the teachers’ knowledge of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Methods: A survey to examine biochemical indicators of NCDs (triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), blood pressure, height, weight, waist circumference), food insecurity, lifestyle and knowledge of NCDs was conducted among 600 school teachers. Analyses were made of biochemical indicators of NCDs, blood pressure, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and subject’s lifestyle in relation to food security and the subject’s knowledge of NCDs. Results: Thirty-nine percent of school teachers experienced food insecurity. The percentage of TC ≥ 200 mg/dL;HbA1c ≥ 5.5%;hypertension and metabolic syndrome were 20.2%, 29.7%, 32.2% and 33.7%, respectively. Food insecurity was associated with lower fruit and vegetable consumption and higher potato consumption. Food insecurity was associated with increased TC (AOR 2.03;95%CI: 1.23 - 3.34), decreased HDL (AOR 1.70;95%CI: 1.12 - 2.58), increased HbA1c (AOR 1.73;95%CI: 1.14 - 2.64), hypertension (AOR 1.68;95%CI: 1.01 - 2.80) and diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (AOR 1.78;95%CI: 1.18 - 2.68), after adjustment by demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle variables. Among people living under condition of food insecurity, greater NCD knowledge was associated with smaller prevalence of TG ≥ 150 mg/dL, HDL Conclusions: Under conditions of food insecurity, diets have less variety and individuals are more likely to exhibit biomedical risk factors of NCDs. Even under conditions of food insecurity, people with knowledge of NCDs may have better coping strategies for their choice of lifestyles and exhibited a lower percentage of risk factors of NCDs.

关键词： Food Insecurity Afghanistan non-communicable Diseases Metabolic Syndrome School Teachers