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Homeward bound:canopy cover and species identity influence non-breeding season homing success and speed in forest birds

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Avian Research 2021年第2期12卷 173-180页

作者： Jin Bai Chelsea A.Weitekamp Kelly Frye Kathryn E.Sieving Wildlife Ecology and Conservation University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Forest Resources and Conservation University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA

Background:Efficient and safe movement is fundamental for wild birds to thrive in their *** arboreal forest animals,especially birds,canopy cover has a large impact on birds’daily movements and is a crucial component of conservation strategies seeking to retain avian population in disturbed or urban ***:We translocated woodland bird species utilizing different forest strata during two non-breeding seasons in Gainesville,FL,*** used linear model and generalized linear model to examine the effects of canopy cover and species identity on homing success and ***:Among our study species of Tufted Titmouse(Baeolophus bicolor),Carolina Chickadee(Poecile carolinensis),and Northern Cardinal(Cardinalis cardinalis),we found that Carolina Chickadees and Tufted Titmice were more likely to return than Northern *** birds that successfully returned,homing speed is significantly affected by forest canopy cover and species identity(titmice had higher homing speed than cardinals).Birds return much faster in landscape with higher canopy ***:This study presented evidence of species identity’s effect on homing success and speed in common feeder bird species in Southeast US and provided further evidence that bird movements in the suburban land cover are constrained by low canopy cover.

关键词： Forest bird movement Forest canopy cover Homing behaviour non-breeding season Site fidelity

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Time budgets of Tibetan eared pheasants during the non-breeding season in an alpine scrub habitat

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Current Zoology 2009年第3期55卷 193-199页

作者： Xin LU Guangmei ZHENG Department of Zoology College of Life Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China Department of Ecology College of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Time allocations of the group-living Tibetan eared pheasants Crossoptilon harmani with and without supplementary food were investigated by full-day sampling from winter through spring in an alpine scrub zone, south Tibet. At a flock scale, both the different food-supply flocks displayed similar daily patterns of activity, foraging in the morning and evening, and resting around midday. In terms of individual activity, either foraging or resting was highly synchronous with the flock＇s. non-provisioned birds spent more time feeding and less resting in midwinter than in late autumn. In early spring as climates became warmer and day longer, however, non-provisioned birds did not decrease their feeding efforts significantly but the provisioned birds did. Across the non-breeding seasons, the provisioned birds （relying on nutrition-rich artificial food） devoted less time to feeding and more to resting than did the non-provisioned ones （relying on nutrition-poor plant roots）. Multivariate analysis showed increased food supply and ambient temperature resulted in a reduced foraging effort. However, the fact that the non-provisioned birds can save daily time for resting even in the cold short-day length mid-winter indicated that they faced no energetic constraint. Thus, protecting shelter vegetation rather than providing extra food is suggested to be important for long-term survival of the endangered galliform birds [ Current Zoology 55 （3）： 193 - 199, 2009] .

关键词： Crossoptilon harmani Conversion Flock living Food supply non-breeding season Time allocation

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Synchronization of Estrus in Sheep in Different seasons

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2018年第3期7卷 92-94页

作者： Yun ZHOU Dayong CHEN Amina ABUDUWALI Liqin WANG Huangqiao Animal Epidemic Prevention Station Agricultural Bureau of Xiangcheng DistrictSuzhou City Inner Mongolia Sino Sheep breeding Co. Ltd. Key Laboratory of Grass Livestock Reproduction & Breed Biotechnology Ministry of Agriculture

[Objectives] The aim was to improve and stabilize the estrus synchronization of local sheep in Xinjiang during the breeding season and non-breeding season. [Methods]The data of estrus rate and estrus concentration time were analyzed by different hormone treatment programs. [Results]eding season,whether PMSC was used did not affect the estrus of sheep when sponge and PG were used（ P 〉 0. 05）. Estrus was concentrated in 36-48 h after sponge plugs were removed,and the estrus rate in this period accounted for 74. 19% of the total. In non-breeding season,the estrus rate in the sponge plug plus PGF treatment was only56. 12%,significantly lower than that（ 90. 43%） in the sponge plug plus PG plus PMSG treatment（ P 〈 0. 01）. The estrus was also concentrated in 36-48 h after sponge plugs were removed. The estrus rate at this stage was 67. 42%,accounting for 82. 8% of the total. In breeding season,the estrus rate in sheep injected with333 IU of PMSG（ 81. 96%） was significantly lower than those of sheep injected with 500（ 90. 25%） and 750 IU（ 95. 3%）（ P 〈 0. 05）. [Conclusions] This study provides a theoretical basis for the production enterprises to save a lot of manpower and material resources.

关键词： Altay sheep Estrus synchronization Estrus rate breeding season non-breeding season

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