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non-infectious endophthalmitis after vitrectomy

Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第8期126卷 1436-1439页

作者： HUANG Yao CHEUNG Ning TIAN Bei WEI Wen-bin Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital CapitalMedical University Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science KeyLaboratory Beijing 100 /30 China Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences the ChineseUniversity ofHong _Kong Hong K ong China

Background non-infectious endophthalmitis was reported to occur after cataract surgery or intravitreal injections. This study reported a series of patients having non-infectious endophthalmitis after pars plana vitrectomy in the same two operation rooms during the same period to estimate the risk factors for non-infectious endophthalmitis after vitrectomy. Methods Medical records of patients who presented with severe non-infectious endophthalmitis following vitrectomy between May 13 and June 8, 2011, were reviewed. The presenting symptoms and signs were collected, including visual acuity, intraocular pressure, cornea and anterior chamber activity. The treatments and results of microbiology examination were also recorded and analyzed. Results Ten patients were identified with severe non-infectious endophthalmitis, presenting 1 day after pars plana vitrectomy. Three eyes （30%） had previous intraocular surgeries, four （40%） had proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and one （10%） got pars plana vitrectomy combinded with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. All the patients were initially treated with topical and/or oral steroids. Only two patients had intravenous antibiotics because of the atypical presentation. One eye had paracentesis because of high intraocular pressure and the aqueous sample was sent for microbiological examination. The culture of the aqueous, air in the operation room, the swab from hand of surgeons, infusion fluid, and vitrectomy effluent were all negative for bacteria and fungi. The inflammation regressed rapidly after the initial treatment. Conclusions Intraocular surgery history, poor general health status, longer operation time, and more surgical procedures are the risk factors for non-infectious endophthalmitis after vitrectomy. It responds well to steroids.

关键词： non-infectious endophthalmitis pars plana vitrectomy

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non-infectious Complications of Peritoneal Dialysis in Senegal

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2020年第1期10卷 43-49页

作者： Ahmed Tall Lemrabott Maria Faye Moustapha Faye Abdoul Hassane Sanlé Traoré Mouhamadou Moustapha Cissé Khodia Fall Yaya Kane Zeinabou Maiga Moussa Tondi Mansour Mbengue Bacary Ba Niakhalee Keita Seynabou Diagne Abdou Niang Boucar Diouf El Hadji Fary Ka Department of Nephrology Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Nephrology Thies University Thies Senegal Internal Medicine and Nephrology Assane Seck University Ziguinchor Senegal Department of Nephrology and Haemodialysis Faculty of Sciences and Health of the Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey Niamey Niger

Introduction: Senegal has pioneered the implementation of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in West Africa, practicing it since 2004. non-infectious complications are a significant cause of failure of this technique and the transfer of patients to haemodialysis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the different types of non-infectious complications in our context. Patients and Methods: This was a 5-year, descriptive, retrospective study of patients on chronic peritoneal dialysis for more than 3 months. Results: During the study period, 75 patients were included. The prevalence of non-infectious complications was 88%, including 45.3% mechanical complications and 76% metabolic complications. Catheter migration was the most common mechanical complication (55.9%), followed by catheter blockage (23.5%). Metabolic complications were dominated by hypoalbuminemia (76.3%). Dyslipidaemia and hypokalaemia affected more than 50% of patients, occurring in 59.3% and 56.9% of cases, respectively. Conclusion: In our study, non-infectious complications related to PD were frequent and varied. They remain a significant cause of technical failure. Mechanical complications are often the cause of permanent transfer to haemodialysis.

关键词： Peritoneal Dialysis non-infectious Complications Catheter Migration Hypoalbuminemia Hypokalaemia

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Biologics in non-infectious uveitis past,present and future

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Annals of Eye Science 2021年第2期6卷 89-99页

作者： Amr M.Zaki Eric B.Suhler Casey Eye Institute Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandORUSA VA Portland Health Care System PortlandORUSA

Our increase in knowledge of the pathophysiology of non-infectious uveitis(NIU)and other immune-mediated diseases has been mirrored over the last two decades by the expansion of therapeutic options in the realm of immunosuppressive *** among these advances is the emergence of biologics,which offer the promise of targeted therapy and the hope of reduced toxicity when compared to corticosteroids and“standard”*** the biologics,monoclonal antibodies blocking tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)have been shown to be a very effective therapeutic target for uveitis and many associated systemic inflammatory *** TNF blockers have shown benefit for uveitis,and in 2016,adalimumab became the first biologic and non-corticosteroid immunosuppressive to obtain Food and Drug Administration(FDA)approval in the treatment of *** effective,TNF blockers are not universally so,and safety concerns such as infection and demyelinating disease must be carefully considered and ruled out prior to their use,especially in patients with intermediate uveitis with which multiple sclerosis is a known *** study has identified novel targets for regulation in the treatment of immune-mediated and inflammatory ***,interleukin and Janus kinase inhibitors in addition to antibodies targeting T cell and B cell activation highlight the expanding field of treatment modalities in *** study will be required to better determine the safety and efficacy of biologics in the armamentarium of immunosuppressive treatments for NIU.

关键词： non-infectious uveitis biologics

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Biologic response modifiers in retinal vasculitis

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World Journal of Immunology 2014年第2期4卷 122-129页

作者： Sandeep Saxena Khushboo Srivastav Retina Service Department of Ophthalmology King George's Medical University Lucknow 226003 India

Intraocular inflammation is an important cause of blindness both in the developing and developed world. Corticosteroids play a pivotal role in the treatment of intraocular inflammation. Lately, therapy by immuno-suppression has taken the center stage for patients with severe intraocular infammation. However, the side effects of immunosuppressive drugs are oncogenic, in-fectious, and hematological. Recently, biologic response modifiers specifically targeting suppression of the im-mune effector responses have revolutionized the treat-ment of intraocular infammation. Anti-tumour necrosis factor agents are etanercept, infiximab, and adalimum-ab. Newer drugs include certolizumab and golimumab. Infiximab has been found to be superior to corticoste-roids in treating retinal vasculitis. Anti-interlenkin thera-pies include rituximab, daclizumab, anakinra, tocilizum-ab and secukinumab. Rituximab has been proven to be quite effective. Other biologics used are interferons and abatacept. However, there are several limitations and side effects associated with their use.

关键词： Uveitis Immunotherapy Biologic response modifers Retinal vasculitis non-infectious uveitis

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