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Type 2 diabetes with good glycemic control have improved insulin response and lower non-esterified fatty acid level after a meal challenge

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2012年第1期2卷 1-7页

作者： Norhayati Yahaya Win Mar Kyi Norhayati Mohd Noor Wan Mohamed Wan Bebakar Endocrine Unit Department of Medicine Universiti Sains Malaysia Penang Malaysia

Background: Pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) involves defects in β-cell function with impaired first and second phase insulin response, and reduced insulin sensitivity. Diabetic dyslipidemia is an important and common risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). Aims: This study examined the effect of glycemic control on post prandial insulin and lipid parameters in response to a standardised meal challenge among Type 2 diabetes patients with good and poor glycemic control. Methods: We cross-sectionally studied 31 T2DM patients with good glycemic control and 32 T2DM patients with poor glycemic control. Subjects were given, after minimum 10 hours of fasting, a standard meal containing 58% fat. Fasting and serial postprandial blood samples were taken over 8 hours to determine levels of triglyceride, direct LDL-C, apoB lipoprotein, non-esterified-fatty-acid, insulin and blood glucose. Results: Post prandial NEFA was significantly higher in poor controlled diabetes patients compared to good control diabetes patients (p = 0.019), and post-hoc analysis showed significant difference from 3 hours post prandial to 4 hours post prandial, where p= 0.021. Although the difference in insulin between the 2 groups did not reach statistical significance (p =0.058), post-hoc analysis showed significant difference between the 2 groups from fasting to 1 hour post prandial (p = 0.034) despite postprandial glucose being significantly higher in poor controlled diabetes patients (p non-esterified fatty acid.

关键词： Insulin Response non-esterified Fatty Acid Standardised Meal Type 2 Diabetes Glycemic Control

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The Effects of Exercise on Serum Chemistry, non-esterified Fatty Acid, Insulin and Glucagon Dynamics during a 400 Meter Sprint in Racing Greyhounds

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2015年第6期5卷 142-151页

作者： Michael J. Bell Emily M. Donaldson Sabine Mann Robert L. Gillette Corri B. Levine Joseph J. Wakshlag Craigieburn Animal Hospital 9 Craigieburn Rd. Craigieburn Australia Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences Ithaca NY USA Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Population Medicine Ithaca NY USA Red Bank Referral Center Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Service Red Bank NJ USA

The effects of Greyhound racing on plasma insulin, glucagon and non-esterified fatty acid have not been extensively studied. We sought to examine the effects of exercise in 19 greyhounds trialed over 400 meters on serum biochemistry, osmolality, nonessential fatty acids, and the major glucoregulatory hormones insulin and glucagon, before and after racing. Due to the non-traditional dietary patterns of many racing Greyhounds, the diet was analyzed for macro and micro-nutrient assessment to determine adequacy of the diet. Many significant biochemical changes were observed and agreed with previous studies, except for low resting glucose, low post-exercise globulin and phosphorus concentrations, and a high CK both before and after exercise. Insulin concentrations increased 10 minutes post-exercise which might be a result of the rise in serum glucose observed. non-esterified fatty acids decreased 10 minutes post-exercise, as a likely result of the insulin facilitated cellular uptake of fatty acids early in recovery. Glucagon concentrations did not change after exercise despite the rise in insulin. The diet analysis found some mineral deficiencies in sodium, selenium, iodine and copper;and contained a far higher protein and fat content, being atypical of diets that have been shown to improve the performance in racing Greyhounds.

关键词： Greyhound Insulin Glucagon non-esterified Fatty Acid Glucose

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