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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2020年第9期33卷 660-669页

作者： LI Li ZHANG Bing WANG HuiJun OUYANG Yi Fei HUANG Fei Fei WANG Yun ZHANG Ji Guo SU Chang DU Wen Wen JIA Xiao Fang JIANG Hong Ru WANG Zhi Hong National Institute for Nutrition and Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100050China

Objective To estimate the association between three B-vitamin intakes and sociodemographic factors among adults in China.Methods We derived our data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS) among 12,241 individuals aged 18–64 years. Log binomial regression was used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios for factors associated with the inadequate intake of B-vitamins.Results Females with low incomes and living in the north had a higher prevalence of inadequate riboflavin intake than those with high incomes and living in the south. Both males and females living in a village had a higher prevalence of inadequate riboflavin intake than adults living in a city. Adults with low income, low education, and living in the north or in a village had a higher prevalence of inadequate Niacin intake than adults with a high income, high education, and living in the south or in a city.Conclusion We found that income, region, and area of residence were associated with riboflavin intake. Education, income, region, and area of residence were associated with Niacin intake. Welltailored strategies and policies are needed to improve nutritional status in China.

关键词： Thiamine Riboflavin Niacin Vitamin B deficiency Nutritional requirements China

Biomimetic thiamine- and Niacin-decorated liposomes for enhanced oral delivery of insulin

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2018年第1期8卷 97-105页

作者： Haisheng He Yi Lu Jianping Qi Weili Zhao Xiaochun Dong Wei Wu Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE and PLA School of Pharmacy Fudan University

Biomimetic nanocarriers are emerging as efficient vehicles to facilitate dietary absorption of biomacromolecules. In this study, two vitamins, thiamine and Niacin, are employed to decorate liposomes loaded with insulin, thus facilitating oral absorption via vitamin ligand–receptor interactions. Both vitamins are conjugated with stearamine, which works to anchor the ligands to the surface of liposomes.Liposomes prepared under optimum conditions have a mean particle size of 125–150 nm and an insulin entrapment efficiency of approximately 30%–36%. Encapsulation into liposomes helps to stabilize insulin due to improved resistance against enzymatic disruption, with 60% and 80% of the insulin left after 4 h when incubated in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids, respectively, whereas non-encapsulated insulin is broken down completely at 0.5 h. Preservation of insulin bioactivity against preparative stresses is validated by intra-peritoneal injection of insulin after release from various liposomes using the surfactant Triton X-100. In a diabetic rat model chemically induced by streptozotocin, both thiamine-and Niacindecorated liposomes showed a comparable and sustained mild hypoglycemic effect. The superiority of decorated liposomes over conventional liposomes highlights the contribution of vitamin ligands. It is concluded that decoration of liposomes with thiamine or Niacin facilitates interactions with gastrointestinal vitamin receptors and thereby facilitates oral absorption of insulin-loaded liposomes.

关键词： Liposomes Vitamin Thiamine Niacin Insulin Biomimetic Oral Drug delivery

Niacin alters the ruminal microbial composition of cattle under high-concentrate condition

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第2期3卷 180-185页

作者： Dan Luo Yufei Gao Youyou Lu Mingren Qu Xiaowen Xiong Lanjiao Xu Xianghui Zhao Ke Pan Kehui Ouyang Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Jiangxi Agricultural University Animal Husbandry Bureau of Jinxian County

To understand the effects of Niacin on the ruminal microbial ecology of cattle under high-concentrate diet condition, Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology was used. Three cattle with rumen cannula were used in a 3 x 3 Latin-square design trial. Three diets were fed to these cattle during 3 periods for 3 days, respectively: high-forage diet(HF; forage-to-concentrate ratio = 80:20), high-concentrate diet(HC;forage-to-concentrate ratio=20:80), and HC supplemented with 800 mg/kg Niacin(HCN). Ruminal pH was measured before feeding and every 2 h after initiating feeding. Ruminal fluid was sampled at the end of each period for microbial DNA extraction. Overall, our findings revealed that subacute ruminal acidosis(SARA) was induced and the a-diversity of ruminal bacterial community decreased in the cattle of HC group. Adding Niacin in HC could relieve the symptoms of SARA in the cattle but the ruminal pH value and the Shannon index of ruminal bacterial community of HCN group were still lower than those of HF group. Whatever the diet was, the ruminal bacterial community of cattle was dominated by Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. High-concentrate diet significantly increased the abundance of Prevotella,and decreased the abundance of Paraprevotella, Sporobacter, Ruminococcus and Treponema than HF.Compared with HC, HCN had a trend to decrease the percentage of Prevotella, and to increase the abundance of Succiniclasticum, Acetivibrio and Treponema. Increasing concentrate ratio could decrease ruminal pH value, and change the ruminal microbial composition. Adding Niacin in HC could increase the ruminal pH value, alter the ruminal microbial composition.

关键词： Ruminal microbial ecology α-diversity Niacin High-concentrate diet condition Cattle

Chronic Niacin overload may be involved in the increased prevalence of obesity in US children

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第19期16卷 2378-2387页

作者： Li, Da Sun, Wu-Ping Zhou, Yi-Ming Liu, Qi-Gui Zhou, Shi-Sheng Luo, Ning Bian, Fu-Ning Zhao, Zhi-Gang Guo, Ming Dalian Univ Coll Med Inst Basic Med Sci Dalian 116622 Liaoning Peoples R China Natl Inst Nat Sci Okazaki Inst Integrat Biosci Okazaki Aichi 8787 Japan Dalian Med Univ Dept Hlth Stat Dalian 116044 Liaoning Peoples R China PLA 210 Hosp Dept Nucl Med Dalian 116021 Liaoning Peoples R China Dalian Univ Coll Environm & Chem Engn Dalian 116622 Liaoning Peoples R China

AIM: To investigate nicotinamide’s action on glucose metabolism, and the association between Niacin consumption and obesity prevalence. METHODS: Dynamic nicotinamide’s effect on plasma hydrogen peroxide and glucose metabolism was in- vestigated using oral glucose tolerance tests with or without nicotinamide in the same five healthy subjects.Lag-regression analysis was used to examine the association between the Niacin consumption and the obesity prevalence among US children using the data from the Economic Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture and from US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, respectively. RESULTS: Compared with the control oral glucose tolerance test, the 1-h plasma hydrogen peroxide (1.4 ± 0.1 μmol/L vs 1.6 ± 0.1 μmol/L, P = 0.016) and insulin levels (247.1 ± 129.0 pmol/L vs 452.6 ± 181.8 pmol/L, P = 0.028) were signif icantly higher, and the 3-h blood glucose was signif icantly lower (5.8 ± 1.2 mmol/L vs 4.5 ± 1.1 mmol/L, P = 0.002) after coadministration of glucose and 300 mg nicotinamide. The obesity prevalence among American children increased with the increasing per capita Niacin consumption, the increasing grain contribution to Niacin due to Niacin-fortification, and the increasing Niacin-fortified ready-to-eat cereal consumption, with a 10-year lag. The regression analyses showed that the obesity prevalence in the US children of all age groups was determined by Niacin consumption (R2 = 0.814, 0.961 and 0.94 for 2-5 years, 6-11 years and 12-19 years age groups, respectively). CONCLUSION: The appetite-stimulating effect of nicotinamide appears to involve oxidative stress. Excess Niacin consumption may be a major factor in the increased obesity prevalence in US children.

关键词： Obesity Diabetes Niacin Nicotinamide

High dose Niacin in the treatment of acne vulgaris:a pilot study

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中国美容医学 2016年第12期25卷 54-59页

作者： JIANG Hao LI Chang-yi Department of Dermatological and Clinical Research The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 530023GuangxiChina

Introduction Acne patients are frequently associated with abnormal lipid profile. It may be useful to apply high doseof Niacin that regulates the lipid profile along with acne treatment. There is no report about high dose of Niacin in treatment ofacne. Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of high-dose Niacin in acne vulgaris. Methods Acne patientswere randomly allocated to two treatment groups. Both groups were treated orally with the tablets for 12 weeks; the Niacingroup at an increasing dose of Niacin tablet: 2000 mg (40 mg/kg/d). The control group (nicotinamide group) at a dose ofnicotinamide tablet: 600 mg (10 mg/kg/d). All patients were asked not to consume certain foods such as milk and alcohol.A high-protein, low-fat and low-glycemic-load diet was recommended in both groups. Results A total of 108 patients werefinished the study. Niacin group: 56 patients; control group: 52 patients. After 12 weeks of treatment, Niacin and nicotinamidecaused improvement in acne patients. Percentage Improvement in the Niacin group (82.37±7.837) %was significantly higherthan in the nicotinamide group (63.19±10.18)%, P Niacin group was significantlyhigher than in the nicotinamide group after 12 weeks of treatment, (χ2 = 10.55, P Niacin canreally do it work in treatment of acne vulgaris. The therapeutic effcct of High dose of Niacin in treatment of acne vulgaris ismore effective than nicotinamide.

关键词： Niacin nicotinamide acne vulgaris acne Vitamin B3

Response of lactating cows to supplemental rumen protected methionine and Niacin

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Response of lactating cows to supplemental rumen protected m...

Mechanism of Niacin Induced Hot Flushes and Suppression of Cholesterol

第七届草食动物营养国际学术研讨会

作者： W.B.Jia J.G.Li~* Y.X.Gao Q.F.Li Y.F.Cao Department of Animal Science and Technology Agricultural University of HeBei Baoding 071001 China

＜正＞The objective of this study was to determine the effects of supplementing rumen protected methionine and Niacin in the basal diet on milk yield,milk composition and blood metabolic parameters in lactating dairy cows.Eight Holstein cows（3.1±1.4 lactation period,23.2±4.2 kg/d milk）were used in a duplicate 4×4 Latin square design with 14-d adaptation and 6-d sampling periods.Diets designed as follows:1) the basal diet,control（C）;2)the basal diet plus RPMet（6 g/d）;3)the basal diet plus Niacin（25 g/d）;4)the basal diet plus RPMet（6 g/d ）and Niacin（25 g/d）.The basal diet consists of corn silage,brewer’s grain,chopped alfalfa hay,corn meal, soybean meal,cottonseed meal,wheat bran,vitamin and mineral supplements. Cows were individually fed and milked twice daily.During the last 10d of each experimental period,milk yield was recorded daily,milk samples were collected at the last 3d and proportionally mixed daily to analyze milk composition.Blood sample were collected before feeding in the morning and serum was obtained by centrifugation.The results showed that:RPMet supplementation in the diet increased 4% FCM（P＜0.05）and the percentages of milk fat（P＜0.05）and protein （P＜0.05）,but had no effects on the SNF（P＞0.05）and lactose percentage （P＞0.05）.Dietary Niacin supplementation increased milk yield（P＜0.05）,4% FCM （P＜0.05）,milk protein percentage（P＜0.05）and lactose percentage（P＜0.05）,but had no influence on milk fat percentage（P＞0.05）and SNF（P＞0.05）.Serum urea nitrogen content（P＜0.01）and serum glucose content（P＜0.05）were significantly decreased with RPMet supplementation in the diet of lactating cows,but the concentrations of NEFA,total cholesterol and triglyceride（P＞0.05）in the serum were not affected.With dietary Niacin supplementation ,the contents of NEFA （P＜0.01）and total cholesterol（P＜0.01）in serum were significantly decreased 7.74% and 4.32% separately comparing with the control group.There were no changes of serum urea nitrogen content（P＞0.05）,but serum glucose content tend to increase with dietary Niacin supplementa

关键词： lactating cows RPMet Niacin milk yield milk composition

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第5期11卷 233-238页

作者： Thirugnana Subramanian Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis USA

Niacin or nicotinic acid is a form of B3 vitamin prescribed at higher concentrations for the suppression of cholesterol levels. Supplemental doses may cause very little or no side effects. However, higher concentrations of Niacin cause hot flushes for most people. Here we propose a biochemical mechanism of Niacin induced hot flushes. Orally taken prescription doses of Niacin are converted to NAD with the liberation of excess pyrophosphate which in turn releases energy in the form of heat (hot flushes through capsaicin receptor) by the action of pyrophosphatases. The excess pyrophosphate may suppress cholesterol biosynthesis through feedback mechanism. The pathways of NAD and cholesterol biosynthesis were discussed with refence to the production and function of pyrophosphate.

关键词： Cholesterol Biosynthesis NAD Niacin Niacinamide Pyrophosphate

Development and validation of HPTLC method for Niacin and simvastatin in binary combination

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2010年第2期1卷 131-135页

作者： Pravish Kumar Tiwari Padmakar Sathe Department of Chemistry Ramnarian Ruia College

A simple, sensitive and validated HPTLC method has been developed to determine Niacin and simvastatin simultaneously in synthetic mixture form. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a RP18 plate using a mixture of Methanol: Water: Acetic acid (60:40:0.1) at a wavelength of 237 nm. Linearity of themethod was found to be in the concentration range of 5000.0-25000.0 μg/ml for Niacin and 100.0-500.0 μg/ml for simvastatin with correlation coefficient greater than 0.999. The method can be used for simultaneous determination of Niacin and Simvastatin.

关键词： HPTLC Methanol Niacin Simvastatin

Emerging roles of GPR109A in regulation of neuroinflammation in neurological diseases and pain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第4期18卷 763-768页

作者： Kyle Taing Lawrence Chen Han-Rong Weng Department of Basic Sciences California Northstate University College of MedicineElk GroveCAUSA

Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the pathological process of multiple neurological disorders and pathological pain conditions.GPR109A,a Gi protein-coupled receptor,has emerged as an important therapeutic target for controlling inflammation in various tissues and organs.In this review,we summarized current data about the role of GPR109A in neuroinflammation.Specifically,we focused on the pharmacological features of GPR109A and signaling pathways used by GPR109A to ameliorate neuroinflammation and symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,stroke,and pathological pain conditions.

关键词： β-hydroxybutyrate cytokines HCAR2 lupus neuroinflammation neuropathic Niacin nociception synaptic

Effects of Niacin on nitric oxide synthase expression in rat lungs exposed to silica

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2004年第12期 37-41+106页

作者： WANG Shixin 1,2 *, DU Haike 2, ZHANG Xizhen 1, CAI Shaoxi 1, FAN Huaquan 3 and WANG Chang’en 4(1. College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China 2. Department of Science Research, Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300162, China 3. Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China 4. Department of Life Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing 100085, China)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Niacin in diet on the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in rat lungs of the animal model of silicosis established by direct tracheal instillation of silica particles into rat lungs surgically. The Niacin concentration in serum was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein in paraffin embedded lung sections was determined by streptavidin/peroxidase (SP) staining. Quantitative analysis by Image Pro Plus was also performed on the expression of iNOS. The results showed that Niacin concentration in serum of the Niacin treated rats was significantly higher than that in the control and silica treated rats. After 7 days of silica instillation, iNOS integrated optical density (IOD) in rat lungs and total NOS and iNOS activities in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in silica treated rats rose by 273420.75, 2.61 units/mL and 1.89 units/mL respectively, when compared with those in the control rats. Niacin treatment significantly reduced silica induced iNOS IOD in rat lung tissues and total NOS and iNOS activities in BALF supernatant by 248292.35, 1.50 units/mL and 0.91 units/mL, respectively, as compared with those in silica treated rats. Therefore, Niacin can effectively attenuate the pathological expression of NOS in rat lung tissues induced by silica particles.

关键词： Niacin silica rat lung nitric oxide synthase.