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Simulation of Steel Reinforcement on the Nonlinear Behaviour of Slender Glulam Beam Columns by Using the newton-raphson method

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 243-266页

作者： Martial Ourmama Marcelline Blanche Manjia Edmond Dawak Fezeu Laboratory of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Department of Civil Engineering National Advanced School of Engineering at Yaounde The University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon

The current theory in NF EN 1995-1-1/NA of Eurocode 5, which is based on maximum deflection, has been investigated on softwoods. Therefore, this theory is not adapted for slender glulam beam columns made of tropical hardwood species from the Congo Basin. This maximum deflection is caused by a set of loads applied to the structure. However, Eurocode 5 doesn’t provide how to predict this deflection in case of long-term load for such structures. This can be done by studying load-displacement (P-Δ) behaviour of these structures while taking into account second order effects. To reach this goal, a nonlinear analysis has been performed on a three-dimensional beam column embedded on both ends. Since conducting experimental investigations on large span structural products is time-consuming and expensive especially in developing countries, a numerical model has been implemented using the newton-raphson method to predict load-displacement (P-Δ) curve on a slender glulam beam column made of tropical hardwood species. On one hand, the beam has been analyzed without wood connection. On the other hand, the beam has been analyzed with a bolted wood connection and a slotted-in steel plate. The load cases considered include self-weight and a uniformly applied long-term load. Combinations of serviceability limit states (SLS) and ultimate limit states (ULS) have also been considered, among other factors. A finite-element software RFEM 5 has been used to implement the model. The results showed that the use of steel can reduce displacement by 20.96%. Additionally, compared to the maximum deflection provided by Eurocode 5 for softwoods, hardwoods can exhibit an increasing rate of 85.63%. By harnessing the plastic resistance of steel, the bending resistance of wood can be increased by 32.94%.

关键词： Nonlinear Analysis newton-raphson method Maximum Deflection Bolted Wood Connection Hardwood Species

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Multi-train modeling and simulation integrated with traction power supply solver using simplified newton–raphson method

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Journal of Modern Transportation 2015年第4期23卷 241-251页

作者： Thanatchai Kulworawanichpong School of Electrical Engineering Institute of EngineeringSuranaree University of Technology

Multi-train modeling and simulation plays a vital role in railway electrification during operation and planning phase. Study of peak power demand and energy consumed by each traction substation needs to be deter- mined to verify that electrical energy flowing in its railway power feeding system is appropriate or not. Gauss-Seidel, conventional newton-raphson, and current injection methods are well-known and widely accepted as a tool for electrical power network solver in DC railway power supply study. In this paper, a simplified newton-raphson method has been proposed. The proposed method employs a set of current-balance equations at each electrical node instead of the conventional power-balance equation used in the conventional newton-raphson method. This concept can remarkably reduce execution time and computing complexity for multi-train simulation. To evaluate its use, Sukhumvit line of Bangkok transit system （BTS） of Thai- land with 21.6-km line length and 22 passenger stopping stations is set as a test system. The multi-train simulation integrated with the proposed power network solver is developed to simulate 1-h operation service of selected 5-min headway. From the obtained results, the proposed method is more efficient with approximately 18 % faster than the conventional newton-raphson method and just over 6 % faster than the current injection method.

关键词： newton-raphson method Gauss-Seidelmethod - Current-balance equation Current injectionmethod Multi-train simulation Power supply study

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Principle of MSD floating-point division based on newton-raphson method on ternary optical computer

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Journal of Shanghai University(English Edition) 2011年第5期15卷 347-351页

作者：沈云付胡鹏飞樊孝领 School of Computer Engineering and Science Shanghai University High Performance Computing Center Shanghai University

The division operation is not frequent relatively in traditional applications, but it is increasingly indispensable and important in many modern applications. In this paper, the implementation of modified signed-digit （MSD） floating-point division using newton-raphson method on the system of ternary optical computer （TOC） is studied. Since the addition of MSD floating-point is carry-free and the digit width of the system of TOC is large, it is easy to deal with the enough wide data and transform the division operation into multiplication and addition operations. And using data scan and truncation the problem of digits expansion is effectively solved in the range of error limit. The division gets the good results and the efficiency is high. The instance of MSD floating-point division shows that the method is feasible.

关键词： ternary optical computer （TOC） modified signed-digit （MSD） division newton-raphson method scan data truncation

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Extremum seeking control for UAV close formation flight via improved pigeon-inspired optimization

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 435-448页

作者： YUAN GuangSong DUAN HaiBin State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Automation Science and Electrical EngineeringBeihang University(BUAA)Beijing 100083China

This paper proposes a comprehensive design scheme for the extremum seeking control(ESC)of the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)close formation flight.The proposed design scheme combines a newton-raphson method with an extended Kalman filter(EKF)to dynamically estimate the optimal position of the following UAV relative to the leading UAV.To reflect the wake vortex effects reliably,the drag coefficient induced by the wake vortex is considered as a performance function.Then,the performance function is parameterized by the first-order and second-order terms of its Taylor series expansion.Given the excellent performance of nonlinear estimation,the EKF is used to estimate the gradient and the Hessian matrix of the parameterized performance function.The output feedback of the proposed scheme is determined by iterative calculation of the newton-raphson method.Compared with the traditional ESC and the classic ESC,the proposed design scheme avoids the slow continuous time integration of the gradient.This allows a faster convergence of relative position extremum.Furthermore,the proposed method can provide a smoother command during the seeking process as the second-order term of the performance function is taken into account.The convergence analysis of the proposed design scheme is accomplished by showing that the output feedback is a supermartingale sequence.To improve estimation performance of the EKF,a improved pigeon-inspired optimization(IPIO)is proposed to automatically tune the noise covariance matrix.Monte Carlo simulations for a three-UAV close formation show that the proposed design scheme is robust to the initial position of the following UAV.

关键词： unmanned aerial vehicle close formation extremum seeking control newton-raphson method improved pigeon-inspired optimization

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Per-unit Scheme for Integrated Solution of Hybrid Power-water Flow Problem

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第2期11卷 680-685页

作者： Xia Zhao Hong Tan Luo Wang Mingyi Sun State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment&System Security and New Technology Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina

When applying the widely-used newton-raphson(N-R)method to the integrated solution of the hybrid power-water flow problem of the power-water integrated energy system(PW-IES),it is found that there are numerical differences among Jacobian elements,which may yield an ill-conditioned Jacobian matrix and even cause convergence problem.Therefore,this letter proposes to per-unitize the water distribution network(WDN)to reduce the numerical differences and thus to improve the Jacobian matrix conditioning and the integrated N-R solution to the hybrid power-water flow problem.

关键词： Integrated energy system load flow newton-raphson method water distribution network power-water flow

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Data-driven Power Flow method Based on Exact Linear Regression Equations

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第3期10卷 800-804页

作者： Yanbo Chen Chao Wu Junjian Qi State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources School of Electrical&Electronic EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stevens Institute of TechnologyHobokenNJ 07030USA

Power flow(PF)is one of the most important calculations in power systems.The widely-used PF methods are the newton-raphson PF(NRPF)method and the fast-decoupled PF(FDPF)method.In smart grids,power generations and loads become intermittent and much more uncertain,and the topology also changes more frequently,which may result in significant state shifts and further make NRPF or FDPF difficult to converge.To address this problem,we propose a data-driven PF(DDPF)method based on historical/simulated data that includes an offline learning stage and an online computing stage.In the offline learning stage,a learning model is constructed based on the proposed exact linear regression equations,and then the proposed learning model is solved by the ridge regression(RR)method to suppress the effect of data collinearity.In online computing stage,the nonlinear iterative calculation is not needed.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed DDPF method has no convergence problem and has much higher calculation efficiency than NRPF or FDPF while ensuring similar calculation accuracy.

关键词： Data driven exact linear regression equation Fast-decoupled power flow newton-raphson method

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A Novel method for Multi-Pumped Fibre Raman Amplifier Gain Adjustment

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Chinese Physics Letters 2005年第5期22卷 1148-1151页

作者：韩群宁继平陈志强尚连聚 LaboratoryforPhotoelectronicInformationScienceandTechnology(MinistryofEducation) TianjinUniversityTianjin300072

A novel method for gain adjustment of multi-pumped fibre Raman amplifiers is proposed and numerically demonstrated. The method uses the areas under the curves of the pump power evolution along the gain fibre and the newton–raphson method to find an appropriate power combination of the pumps to realize the desired gain profile. Compared with the previously proposed methods, our method has two advantages: first, it can maintain the gain profile while changing the gain magnitude to the desired value; second, it is independent of the actual pumping scheme of the amplifier, i.e. it can be used for fibre Raman amplifiers with all kinds of pumping schemes including co-, counter-, or bi-directional pumping. Numerical simulations are provided to verify the proposed method and to demonstrate its effectiveness.

关键词： newton-raphson method

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Identification Schemes for Unmanned Excavator Arm Parameters

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2008年第2期5卷 185-192页

作者： Yahya H.Zweiri Department of Mechanical Engineering Mu'tah University

Parameter identification is a key requirement in the field of automated control of unmanned excavators （UEs）. Furthermore, the UE operates in unstructured, often hazardous environments, and requires a robust parameter identification scheme for field applications. This paper presents the results of a research study on parameter identification for UE. Three identification methods, the newton-raphson method, the generalized newton method, and the least squares method are used and compared for prediction accuracy, robustness to noise and computational speed. The techniques are used to identify the link parameters （mass, inertia, and length） and friction coefficients of the full-scale UE. Using experimental data from a full-scale field UE, the values of link parameters and the friction coefficient are identified. Some of the identified parameters are compared with measured physical values. Furthermore, the joint torques and positions computed by the proposed model using the identified parameters are validated against measured data. The comparison shows that both the newton-raphson method and the generalized newton method are better in terms of prediction accuracy. The newton-raphson method is computationally efficient and has potential for real time application, but the generalized newton method is slightly more robust to measurement noise. The experimental data were obtained in collaboration with QinetiQ Ltd.

关键词： Parameters identification complex dynamic systems newton-raphson method generalized newton method least squares method full-scale validation

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Optimization of Rollgap Self-learning Algorithm in Tandem Hot Rolled Strip Finishing Mill

Optimization of Rollgap Self-learning Algorithm in Tandem Ho...

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第24届中国控制与决策会议

作者： Peng Wen, Zhang Dianhua, Gong Dianyao The State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Liaoning, 110819

The thickness precision is an important indicator in strip production, in which a self-learning with high precise model is necessary. In this paper, tacking new data collection and processing, looper speed compensation and more influencing factors into account, an optimized rollgap self-learning model was proposed. With the help of algorithm optimization of newton-raphson method, the calculation accuracy are enhanced, and make the actual thickness more approximate to the target value. The application of a 700mm tandem hot strip rolling mill shows that the model could meet the demands of on-line control with high computing precision, and the thickness accuracy are raised to a higher level.

关键词： Hot Rolled Strip Rollgap Self-learning Optimization Algorithm newton-raphson method

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The Estimation of Income Using Multi-category Randomized Response Technique data

The Estimation of Income Using Multi-category Randomized Res...

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第十届海峡两岸统计与概率研讨会

作者： Shen-Ming Lee Department of Statistics Feng Chia University

Revenue questionnaires involved sensitive issues of personal privacy. In front of a stranger interviewer, respondent have to answer directly or go through severe stress. The majority of respondents would provide false responses. In this study, we develop the new randomized response model to estimate proportions of individuals with each of multi-category possible attributes by means of only one randomization device from Christofides(2003) model. We applied the new randomized response model to salary survey research and explore the issue of parameters estimation. We use the data of salary income, which is collected in 2012 Taiwan Social Change Survey, to illustrate the performance of proposed method.

关键词： Estimating function Salary income newton-raphson method Multi-category Randomized Response Technique Taiwan Social Change Survey（TSCS）

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